Protective effects of neutrophil serine protease inhibition against ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung or heart transplantation.

Transplanted organs are inevitably exposed to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which is known to cause graft dysfunction. Functional and structural changes that follow IR tissue injury are mediated by neutrophils through the production of oxygen-derived free radicals, as well as from degranulation which entails the release of proteases and other pro-inflammatory mediators. Neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) are believed to be the principal triggers of post-ischemic reperfusion damage.

Standardized measurement of the piriformis muscle and the proximal portion of the sacral nerve roots using transvaginal ultrasound.

Objective: To identify the sonomorphological appearance and to measure the thickness of the piriformis muscle (PM) and the proximal portion of the sacral nerve roots S1-S3 in healthy premenopausal women.

Materials And Methods: This prospective multicentric observational study included a consecutive series of women undergoing transvaginal sonography (TVS) at two tertiary gynecological referral centers. Standardized assessment of the pelvic organs was performed followed by an attempt to visualize the right and left PM and sacral nerve roots S1-S3 at their origin in proximity to the sacral neuroforamen.

A Novel Multi-organ Male Model of Alcohol-induced Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure Reveals NET-mediated Hepatocellular Death, Which is Prevented by RIPK3 Inhibition.

Background & Aims: Alcohol abuse is the most frequent precipitating factor of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). We aimed at developing an alcohol-induced ACLF model and dissecting its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: ACLF was triggered by a single alcohol binge (5 g/kg) in a bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis murine model.

Mental health during the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War: A scoping review and unmet needs.

Introduction: The Russo-Ukrainian War (RUW) poses a significant mental health burden, warranting a scoping review of the evidence to shed light on the unmet needs.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases were inquired from inception until September 1st, 2023, to address the following a-priori-formulated questions: i) "Which psychiatric population has been assessed? How did the conflict affect the functioning of people with established mental health conditions (e.g.

Ligand Binding and Functional Effect of Novel Bicyclic α5 GABA Receptor Negative Allosteric Modulators.

The significant importance of GABA receptors in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders has been known for a long time. However, only in recent years have experimental protein structures been published that can open the door to understanding protein-ligand interactions and may effectively help the rational drug design for the future. In our previous work (Szabó, G.

Surgical outcomes of women undergoing radical resection of deep endometriosis of the sacral plexus: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Surgical resection of sacral plexus endometriosis (SPE) is contemplated in severely symptomatic patients not responding to medical or hormonal therapy. However, there is only limited data on the effects of surgery on pain and neurological symptoms. This study aims to report on the surgical outcomes in terms of pain and neurological symptom reduction in women undergoing surgical resection of SPE.

Individualised Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Settings Reduce the Incidence of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Progressive atelectasis regularly occurs during general anaesthesia; hence, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied. Individualised PEEP titration may reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and improve oxygenation as compared to fixed PEEP settings; however, evidence is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282228).

Microarchitectural Study of the Augmented Bone Following a Modified Ridge Splitting Technique: Histological and Micro-Computed Tomography Analyses.

: The aim of this matched prospective cohort study was to examine the microarchitecture of the augmented bone following a modified alveolar ridge splitting procedure and compare it to that of native bone. : In the test group, patients underwent a modified ridge split osteotomy procedure to restore the width of the posterior segment of the mandible. Patients with sufficient bone width for dental implant placement in the posterior region of the mandible following 3-month-long spontaneous healing after tooth removal were included in the control group.

Pre-vascularisation of the acellular bladder matrix using the omentum in a porcine model prior for bladder reconstruction-a step towards clinical application?

Aim: Research studies with porcine acellular bladder matrix (PABM) showed integration of only small sized stamps in recipient bladders, however for clinical use in bladder augmentation significantly larger patches are needed. We hypothesised pre-vascularisation with omentum may be a step towards clinical translation.

Method: Eight domestic pigs were operated three times 8-10 weeks apart: 1-Implantation; PABM with recorded dimensions were sutured around a tissue expanding device, wrapped in omentum and sutured to the anterior abdominal wall.

Malperfusion syndrome in patients undergoing repair for acute type A aortic dissection: Presentation, mortality, and utility of the Penn classification.

Background: The current study aims to report the presentation of the malperfusion syndrome in patients with acute type A aortic dissection admitted to surgery and its impact on mortality.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the multicenter European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection. The Penn classification was used to categorize malperfusion syndromes.

Ultrasound assessment of lymph nodes for staging of gynecological cancer: consensus opinion on terminology and examination technique.

The lymphatic pathway is an important route of metastasis in gynecological malignancy. Therefore, the examination of lymph nodes is an essential part of the ultrasound evaluation in patients with known or suspected gynecological malignancy. The lymph nodes most frequently involved in gynecological malignancy (apart from vulvar cancer) are parietal (retroperitoneal) and visceral abdominopelvic lymph nodes.

Ultrasound assessment of the pelvic sidewall: methodological consensus opinion.

A standardized methodology for the ultrasound evaluation of the pelvic sidewall has not been proposed to date. Herein, a collaborative group of gynecologists and gynecological oncologists with extensive ultrasound experience presents a systematic methodology for the ultrasonographic evaluation of structures within the pelvic sidewall. Five categories of anatomical structures are described (muscles, vessels, lymph nodes, nerves and ureters).

Fast neutron generation with few-cycle, relativistic laser pulses at 1 Hz repetition rate.

Laser-driven deuterons generate neutrons with a mean energy of 2.5 MeV, through the H(d,n) fusion reaction in a deuterated polyethylene (dPE) tablet. The deuterium ions are accelerated by 12 fs, 21 mJ laser pulses interacting with a 0.

Epigenetic modulation via the C-terminal tail of H2A.Z.

H2A.Z-nucleosomes are present in both euchromatin and heterochromatin and it has proven difficult to interpret their disparate roles in the context of their stability features. Using an in situ assay of nucleosome stability and DT40 cells expressing engineered forms of the histone variant we show that native H2A.

Long-term spatiotemporal changes in nitrate contamination of municipal groundwater resources after sewerage network construction in the Hungarian Great Plain.

Over the last decades, as a consequence of wastewater discharges and other anthropogenic sources, severe nitrate (NO) pollution has developed in municipal environment causing global concern. Thus, eliminating the potential sources of pollution is one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century, whereby sanitation services are essential for ensuring public health and environmental protection. In the present study, long-term monitoring (2011-2022) of shallow groundwater NO contamination in municipal environment was carried following the construction of the sewerage network (2014) in the light of the pre-sewerage situation.

Clinical outcomes of NBF gel application in managing mucositis associated with xerostomia.

Background: Xerostomia, or dry mouth, can be a temporary or persistent symptom resulting from various factors, such as medication use, therapeutic radiation, chemotherapy, autoimmune conditions (e.g., Sjögren's syndrome), and hormonal imbalances.

Model-Based Optimization of Solid-Supported Micro-Hotplates for Microfluidic Cryofixation.

Cryofixation by ultra-rapid freezing is widely regarded as the gold standard for preserving cell structure without artefacts for electron microscopy. However, conventional cryofixation technologies are not compatible with live imaging, making it difficult to capture dynamic cellular processes at a precise time. To overcome this limitation, we recently introduced a new technology, called microfluidic cryofixation.

The Effectiveness of Individualized Oral Hygiene Education in Preventing Dental Diseases: A Clinical Study.

: Without mechanical cleaning, gingivitis can develop within three weeks. The first clinical sign is bleeding on positive probing. The accumulation of dental biofilm triggers an inflammatory gingival response.

Peptide-Bound Glycative, AGE and Oxidative Modifications as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease-A Feasibility Study.

The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) relies on core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau. As the brain is then already damaged, researchers still strive to discover earlier biomarkers of disease onset and the progression of AD. Glycation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidative modifications on proteins in CSF mirror the underlying biological mechanisms that contribute to early AD pathology.

Efficacy and Safety of Erenumab for Nonopioid Medication Overuse Headache in Chronic Migraine: A Phase 4, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Importance: Patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headaches (CM-MOH) represent a particularly burdened subpopulation. This trial provides first, to our knowledge, American Academy of Neurology class I evidence for a preventive therapy in CM-MOH.

Objective: To assess erenumab efficacy and safety in patients with nonopioid CM-MOH.

IRF3 regulates neuroinflammatory responses and the expression of genes associated with Alzheimer's disease.

The pathological role of interferon signaling is emerging in neuroinflammatory disorders, yet, the specific role of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) in neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Here, we show that global IRF3 deficiency delays TLR4-mediated signaling in microglia and attenuates the hallmark features of LPS-induced inflammation such as cytokine release, microglial reactivity, astrocyte activation, myeloid cell infiltration, and inflammasome activation. Moreover, expression of a constitutively active IRF3 (S388D/S390D: IRF3-2D) in microglia induces a transcriptional program reminiscent of the Activated Response Microglia and the expression of genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, notably apolipoprotein-e.