The comprehensive regulatory network in seed oil biosynthesis.

Plant oils play a crucial role in human nutrition, industrial applications and biofuel production. While the enzymes involved in fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis are well-studied, the regulatory networks governing these processes remain largely unexplored. This review explores the intricate regulatory networks modulating seed oil biosynthesis, focusing on key pathways and factors.

[Regulation of Bifidobacterium-short chain fatty acid metabolism and improvement of intestinal toxicity of vinegar-processed Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix].

To explore the mechanism by which vinegar-processed Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix regulates gut microbiota and reduces intestinal toxicity, this study aimed to identify key microbial communities related to vinegar-induced detoxification and verify their functions. Using a derivatization method, the study measured the content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) in feces before and after vinegar-processing of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix. Combined with the results of previous gut microbiota sequencing, correlation analysis was used to identify key microbial communities related to SCFAs content.

Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Perioperative Morbidity in Combined Resection of Rectal Cancer and Liver Metastases.

Background And Objectives: Little is known about the relationship between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and perioperative morbidity for patients undergoing combined resection of rectal cancer and sLM. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of NAC on 30-day morbidity for patients who undergo combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM between 2016 and 2020 at participating NSQIP hospitals.

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes among vaccinated patients with tuberculosis.

Objectives: Limited data are available to assess breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections, medical utilization, and mortality in patients with tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to examine the risk of COVID-19 and severe outcomes in patients with TB between January 2020 and March 2022.

Study Design: US electronic medical records were used to identify TB and non-TB patients who completed the primary series of vaccination and had no prior COVID-19.

ERK activation dynamics in maturing oocyte controls embryonic nuclear divisions in Caenorhabditis elegans.

ERK activity oscillates between sustained activation during oocyte formation and transient inactivation during oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryogenesis. Consequences of ectopic ERK activity upon oocyte maturation and in early embryogenesis are unknown. We show, in Caenorhabditis elegans, that ectopic ERK activity upon oocyte maturation (metaphase I oocytes) results in embryos with abnormalities in nuclear divisions leading to embryonic death.

Postradiotherapy nasopharyngeal necrosis with granulation mass: Insights from a multicentre study.

Background: Postradiotherapy nasopharyngeal necrosis with granulation mass (PRNN-GM) is a rare subtype of postradiotherapy nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN). It is characterized by the formation of isolated granulomatous tissue masses or masses combined with PRNN. However, the relationship between clinical features and survival outcomes in PRNN-GM remains unclear.

ST6GAL1-Mediated Sialylation of PECAM-1 Promotes a Transcellular Diapedesis-Like Process that Directs Lung Tropism of Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in breast cancer, with lung metastasis being particularly detrimental. Identification of the processes determining metastatic organotropism could enable the development of approaches to prevent and treat breast cancer metastasis. Here, we found that lung-tropic and non-lung-tropic breast cancer cells differ in their response to sialic acids, affecting the sialylation of surface proteins.

Rapid diversification of St-genome-sharing species in wheat grasses (Triticeae: Poaceae) accompanied by diversifying selection of chloroplast genes.

Background: The St-genome-sharing taxa are highly complex group of the species with the St nuclear genome and monophyletic origin in maternal lineages within the Triticeae, which contains more than half of polyploid species that distributed in a wide range of ecological habitats. While high level of genetic heterogeneity in plastome DNA due to a reticulate evolutionary event has been considered to link with the richness of the St-genome-sharing taxa, the relationship between the dynamics of diversification and molecular evolution is lack of understanding.

Results: Here, integrating 106 previously and 12 newly sequenced plastomes representing almost all previously recognized genomic types and genus of the Triticeae, this study applies phylogenetic reconstruction methods in combination with lineage diversification analyses, estimate of sequence evolution, and gene expression to investigate the dynamics of diversification in the tribe.

Characterization of a novel type 4 resistant starch from tapioca and its obesity-preventive effects through gut microbiota modulation in high-fat diet-treated mice.

The rising pandemic of obesity has received significant attention. Yet, more safe and effective targeted strategies must be used to mitigate its impact on individual health and the global disease burden. While the health benefits of resistant starch (RS) are well-documented, the role of RT-90 (a phosphate-modified tapioca RS containing 90.

Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) due to Breast, Cervical, Colorectal and Oral Cancers in Taiwan Regions.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, with significant variations in incidence and mortality rates among different cancer types and regions. In Taiwan, breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CxCa), colorectal cancer (CRC), and oral cancer (OC) are prevalent and have prompted government-led screening programs to mitigate their impact. This study aims to assess the burden of these cancers at the county scale using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as a metric, focusing on the years 2010, 2015, 2018, 2019, and 2020.

Real-world evaluation of an evidence-based telemental health program for PTSD symptoms.

Blended care therapy (BCT), which augments live, video-based psychotherapy sessions with asynchronous digital tools, has the potential to increase access to evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, its effectiveness in diverse, real-world settings is not well-understood. This evaluation aimed to assess clinical outcomes of a BCT program for PTSD symptoms.

Supramolecular DNA Nanodevice Assembled via RCA and HCR Cascade Reaction on Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure for Sensitive Detection and Intracellular Imaging of Dual-miRNAs Associated with Liver Cancer.

Herein, a supramolecular DNA nanodevice was formed via the rolling circle amplification (RCA) and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) cascade reaction on a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) to achieve simultaneous sensitive detection and intracellular imaging of dual-miRNAs related to liver cancer. The supramolecular DNA nanodevice effectively addressed the limitations of low probe loading capacity in traditional TDN nanodevices by enriching plenty of signal probes around a single TDN, significantly enhancing the fluorescence signal. Impressively, the supramolecular DNA nanodevice with a TDN fulcrum and dense DNA structure imparted the nanodevice with strong rigidity, ensuring the stability of the signal probes to decrease aggregation quenching for further increasing the fluorescence response.

[The distributions of serum HBsAg level in chronic hepatitis B patients based on the China Registry of Hepatitis B (CR-HepB)].

To determine the distributions of serum HBsAg level in treatment-naive or treatment-experienced chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Based on the China Registry of Hepatitis B (CR-HepB), a nationwide hospital-based electronic platform, treatment-naive or treatment-experienced CHB patients who receive nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy were enrolled in our study. We collected patients' clinical characteristics, including demographic, virological and biochemical data.

PEARL: A Multicenter Phase 2 Study of Lorlatinib in Patients with ALK-Rearranged NSCLC and Central Nervous System Disease.

Background: Patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (ALK+ NSCLC) with symptomatic brain (BM) and leptomeningeal (LM) metastases are underrepresented in clinical trials due to poor performance status. Additionally, the need for improved and validated assessment criteria for evaluating central nervous system (CNS) response remains critical. Lorlatinib has demonstrated systemic activity in patients with ALK+ NSCLC.

Relieving anxiety and depression symptoms through promoting organizational identity and mitigating family-work conflict among medical professionals in digital leadership.

Background: Digital leadership might be an innovative approach to decreasing the elevated rates of anxiety and depression symptoms among medical professionals, while also enhancing their psychological well-being. This emerging pathway may offer promising strategies to support the mental health of medical professionals. This study seeks to investigate the association among digital leadership, organizational identity, family-work conflict, and anxiety and depression symptoms, and further to uncover the underlying moderating mechanisms interplay.

Transcriptome-wide association studies identify candidate genes for carcass and meat traits in meat rabbits.

Meat rabbits are a small herbivorous livestock and have been popularly raised in China for producing high-quality meat. Therefore, it is economically important to genetically improve both carcass performance and meat quality in meat rabbits. However, we still know less about the underlying candidate genes that may determine phenotypic variation on carcass and meat traits of meat rabbits.

Transcriptome-wide RNA 5-methylcytosine profiles of human iPSCs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

Cardiac regenerative therapy has recently progressed by reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and advanced by large-scale differentiation-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). However, repairing damaged cardiac tissues with hiPSC-CMs remains limited due to immune rejection, cardiac arrhythmias, and concerns over tumor formation after hiPSC-CM transplantation. Despite efforts in profiling epigenomic changes during cardiac differentiation, regulatory mechanisms underlying 5-methylcytosine (mC) deposition in RNA mC epitranscriptomic landscape during hiPSC-to-cardiomyocyte differentiation remain unclear.

PtrA, Piz-t, and a novel minor-effect QTL (qBR12_3.3-4.4) collectively contribute to the durable blast-resistance of rice cultivar Tainung 84.

Background: Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae is a major threat to rice production worldwide. Tainung 84 (TNG84) is an elite japonica rice cultivar developed through the traditional pedigree method. It has maintained superior blast resistance since its release in 2010.

Changes in soluble sugars and the expression of sugar transporter protein genes in strawberry crowns responding to infection.

Unlabelled: Strawberry ( × ) production has been greatly hampered by anthracnose crown rot caused by . Crown, the modified stem of strawberry, is a sink organ involved in sugar allocation. Some Sugar Transport Proteins (STPs) are involved in competition for sugars between pathogen and host.

Nutritional Value and Therapeutic Benefits of Dragon Fruit: A Comprehensive Review with Implications for Establishing Australian Industry Standards.

Dragon fruit, which is native to northern South America and Mexico, has become a significant crop in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including Vietnam, China, and Australia. The fruit ( spp.) is rich in various bioactive phytochemical compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and pigments such as betalains and anthocyanins, which contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties.

STT3-mediated aberrant N-glycosylation of CD24 inhibits paclitaxel sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer.

Paclitaxel is one of the main chemotherapic medicines against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in clinic. However, it has been perplexed by paclitaxel resistance in TNBC patients, resulting in a poor prognosis. Abnormal protein glycosylation is closely related to the occurrence and progression of tumors and malignant phenotypes such as chemotherapy resistance.

Pingchuan formula improve airway remodeling via regulation of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3/interleukin-1β and C-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways.

Asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory airway disease that affects both adults and children. Inflammation-induced airway remodeling can lead to irreversible damage to the airways. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a significant role in healthcare, offering potential improvements for chronic airway inflammation associated with asthma.

M2 macrophages secrete CCL20 to regulate iron metabolism and promote daunorubicin resistance in AML cells.

Chemotherapy resistance is a significant clinical challenge in the treatment of leukemia. M2 macrophages have been identified as key contributors to the development of chemotherapy resistance in cancer, yet the precise mechanisms by which macrophages regulate this resistance remain elusive. Our study has identified CCL20 as a pivotal factor in the promotion of chemoresistance in AML cells by M2 macrophages.