Birth Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers with Alopecia Areata: A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea.

Data on pregnancy outcomes in patients with alopecia areata (AA) are limited. The aim of this study is to determine the association between maternal AA and risk of adverse birth outcomes in children. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 45,328 children born to mothers with AA and 4,703,253 controls born to mothers without AA using the Korean National Health Insurance Claims database from 2002 to 2016.

International Multicenter Cohort Study on Beta-Blocker-Free Treatment Strategies for Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Patients.

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare, potentially life-threatening genetic heart disease. Nonselective beta-blockers (BBs) are highly effective in reducing CPVT-triggered arrhythmic events. However, some patients suffer from unacceptable BB side effects and might require strategies without a BB.

The Impact of Smoking on Ulcerative Colitis and Interaction With Family History: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: The impact of smoking on ulcerative colitis (UC) among Asian populations is controversial, and interactions between genetic factors and smoking are not well studied. We evaluated the association between smoking and UC and assessed interactions between smoking and family history.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance database, we identified 5.

Long-term weight patterns and physical activity in gallstones.

While obesity, rapid weight loss, and sedentary lifestyles contribute to gallstones, the impacts of long-term weight patterns and physical activity on gallstone risk have not been extensively studied at the population level. Using Korea's population-based health database, we created a cohort of 5,062,154 subjects who received over five consecutive biannual health check-ups from 2002 to 2018. Gallstone risk was calculated using hazard ratios (HRs) based on weight patterns (gain, loss, and cycling) and physical activity.

An international multicenter cohort study on implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the treatment of symptomatic children with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) may cause sudden cardiac death (SCD) despite medical therapy. Therefore, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are commonly advised. However, there is limited data on the outcomes of ICD use in children.

Developmental Ethanol Exposure Impacts Purkinje Cells but Not Microglia in the Young Adult Cerebellum.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) caused by developmental ethanol exposure lead to cerebellar impairments, including motor problems, decreased cerebellar weight, and cell death. Alterations in the sole output of the cerebellar cortex, Purkinje cells, and central nervous system immune cells, microglia, have been reported in animal models of FASD. To determine how developmental ethanol exposure affects adult cerebellar microglia and Purkinje cells, we used a human third-trimester binge exposure model in which mice received ethanol or saline from postnatal (P) days 4-9.

Incidence and risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with acute or chronic pancreatitis: a population-based cohort study.

We aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk of pancreatic cancer (PC) in pancreatitis. We identified patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) (n = 225,811, 50.0%) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) (n = 225,685, 50.

Flecainide Is Associated With a Lower Incidence of Arrhythmic Events in a Large Cohort of Patients With Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia.

Background: In severely affected patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, beta-blockers are often insufficiently protective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether flecainide is associated with a lower incidence of arrhythmic events (AEs) when added to beta-blockers in a large cohort of patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Methods: From 2 international registries, this multicenter case cross-over study included patients with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in whom flecainide was added to beta-blocker therapy.

Familial Risk and Interaction With Smoking and Alcohol Consumption in Bladder Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Although genetic factors are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, population-level familial risk estimates are scarce. We aimed to quantify the familial risk of bladder cancer and analyze interactions between family history and smoking or alcohol consumption.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance database, we constructed a cohort of 5,524,403 study subjects with first-degree relatives (FDRs) and their lifestyle risk factors from 2002 to 2019.

Extraordinary clinical response to ibrutinib in low-grade ovarian cancer guided by organoid drug testing.

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) typically responds poorly to standard platinum-based chemotherapy and new therapeutic approaches are needed. We describe a remarkable response to targeted therapy in a patient with platinum-resistant, advanced LGSOC who had failed standard-of-care chemotherapy and two surgeries. The patient was in rapid decline and entering hospice care on home intravenous (i.

Incidence and Mortality of Vertebral Compression Fracture Among All Age Groups: A Nationwide, Population-based Study in the Republic of Korea.

Background: Although several studies have examined the epidemiological features of vertebral compression fractures (VCF) among elderly patients, few studies have reported the epidemiology of VCF among younger individuals.

Objective: To examine trends in the incidence and mortality of VCF in both the old (>= 65 years) and young (< 65 years) age groups. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality of VCF among all age groups in Korea.

HiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte to model Brugada syndrome: both asymptomatic and symptomatic mutation carriers reveal increased arrhythmogenicity.

Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia disorder that is mainly associated with mutations of the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit 5 (SCN5A) gene. The clinical symptoms include ventricular fibrillation and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines were derived from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals carrying the R1913C mutation in the SCN5A gene.

Familial Risk of Graves Disease Among First-Degree Relatives and Interaction With Smoking: A Population-Based Study.

Context: Population-based studies on the familial aggregation of Graves disease (GD) are scarce and gene-environment interactions are not well-studied.

Objective: We evaluated the familial aggregation of GD and assessed interactions between family history and smoking.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance database, which includes information on familial relationships and lifestyle risk factors, we identified 5 524 403 individuals with first-degree relatives (FDRs).

Familial Risk of Gout and Interaction With Obesity and Alcohol Consumption: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

Objective: Population-based studies of the familial aggregation of gout are scarce, and gene/environment interactions are not well studied. This study was undertaken to evaluate the familial aggregation of gout as well as assess interactions between family history and obesity or alcohol consumption on the development of gout.

Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance database, which includes information regarding familial relationships and risk factor data, we identified 5,524,403 individuals from 2002 to 2018.

Familial risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and interaction with smoking: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: We evaluated the familial risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and examined interactions between family history and smoking.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance and Health Screening Program databases, which include information on familial relationships and lifestyle factors, we identified 5 524 403 individuals with first-degree relatives (FDRs) from 2002-2018. We calculated familial risk using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs which compare the risk of individuals with and without affected FDRs.

Atom Interferometry with Floquet Atom Optics.

Floquet engineering offers a compelling approach for designing the time evolution of periodically driven systems. We implement a periodic atom-light coupling to realize Floquet atom optics on the strontium ^{1}S_{0}-^{3}P_{1} transition. These atom optics reach pulse efficiencies above 99.

Cholecystectomy reduces the risk of myocardial and cerebral infarction in patients with gallstone-related infection.

We compared the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) or cerebral infarction (CI) in patients with or without-gallstone-related infection (GSI) and change in the risk following cholecystectomy. GSI (n = 84,467) and non-GSI (n = 406,800) patients with age- and sex-matched controls (n = 4,912,670) were identified from Korean population based data. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of MI or CI were analyzed in both groups treated with or without cholecystectomy.

Effects of β-blockers on ventricular repolarization documented by 24-hour electrocardiography in long QT syndrome type 2.

Background: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited arrhythmia disorder characterized by ventricular repolarization abnormalities and a risk of sudden cardiac death. The electrophysiological components generating the high risk of arrhythmias in LQTS are prolonged repolarization, increased dispersion of repolarization, and early afterdepolarizations, which are clinically estimated as QT interval, T-wave peak to T-wave end (TPE) interval, and T2/T1-wave amplitude ratio, respectively. In experimental LQTS type 2 (LQT2) models, β-blockers decrease dispersion of repolarization and prevent early afterdepolarizations.

Familial Risk of Renal Cell Cancer and Interaction with Obesity and Hyperglycemia: A Population-Based Study.

Purpose: We quantified the familial risk of renal cell cancer (RCC) among first-degree relatives (FDRs) on a population level, and examined interactions between family history and body mass index or blood glucose.

Materials And Methods: Using the National Health Insurance database, which covers the entire Korean population, and the National Health Screening Program, we constructed a cohort of 5,524,403 individuals with blood-related FDRs and their lifestyle factors from 2002 to 2018. We calculated familial risk using incidence risk ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals, which compares the risk of individuals with and without FDR.

An International Multicenter Cohort Study on β-Blockers for the Treatment of Symptomatic Children With Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia.

Background: Symptomatic children with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) are at risk for recurrent arrhythmic events. β-Blockers decrease this risk, but studies comparing individual β-blockers in sizeable cohorts are lacking. We aimed to assess the association between risk for arrhythmic events and type of β-blocker in a large cohort of symptomatic children with CPVT.

Familial risk for endometriosis and its interaction with smoking, age at menarche and body mass index: a population-based cohort study among siblings.

Objective: To quantify familial risk of endometriosis among full siblings and examine interactions between family history and smoking, age at menarche or body mass index (BMI).

Design, Setting And Population: Population-based nationwide cohort study.

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Screening Programme databases on kinship, healthcare utilisation, lifestyle and anthropometrics, we identified 2 109 288 women with full siblings and their environmental risk factors from 2002 to 2018.

The Plant Nuclear Envelope and Its Role in Gene Transcription.

Chromosomes are dynamic entities in the eukaryotic nucleus. During cell development and in response to biotic and abiotic change, individual sections as well as entire chromosomes re-organise and reposition within the nuclear space. A focal point for these processes is the nuclear envelope (NE) providing both barrier and anchor for chromosomal movement.

Genealogy and clinical course of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia caused by the ryanodine receptor type 2 P2328S mutation.

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a severe inherited arrhythmic disease associated with a risk of syncope and sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Aims: We aimed at identifying RYR2 P2328S founder mutation carriers and describing the clinical course associated with the mutation.

Methods: The study population was drawn from the Finnish Inherited Cardiac Disorder Research Registry, and from the present genealogical study.

The incidence, comorbidity and mortality of sarcoidosis in Korea, 2008-2015: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Few national level, population-based studies are present on the epidemiology of sarcoidosis and it is unclear whether these patients have higher mortality than the general population. The objective of this study was to investigate the nationwide epidemiology, comorbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis in Korea.

Material And Methods: For the period between 2008 to 2015, we used the national population-based database operated by Rare Intractable Disease registration program in which patients' diagnosis are based on uniform criteria.