[Tendinopathy and fluoroquinolones].

Tendinopathies, essentially involving the Achilles tendon, which tendon rupture, can be secondary to treatment with fluoroquinolones, and facilitated by corticosteroid therapy, renal failure and sport. Fluoroquinolone treatment must therefore be prescribed cautiously and patients must be advised to stop treatment at the slightest warning signs of tendinitis.

[Intestinal urinary fistulas of renal and pelvis origin].

As the authors point out the uncommon occurrence of these fistulas between the calicopyelic cavities with the colon, the duodenum and still more unusually with the stomach and the jejunum, they report the etiological and clinical features found in the published cases. Usually the only solution is a nephrectomy.

[Uro-intestinal fistulas of cancerous origin].

Malignant entero-vesical fistulas are uncommon. Colonic malignancy is the main cause although fistula are present in just 1%. Pneumaturia and fecaluria are pathognomonic for entero-vesico-fistula and are present in half of cases.

[Prostatic or urethral rectal fistulas].

Reporting 7 new observations of prostatic or urethro-rectal fistulas, the authors insist on their etiological modalities specially of traumatical, inflammatory, post-irradiation, cancerous and congenital origin. The diagnosis methods and surgical techniques are also mentioned.

[Vesico-intestinal fistulas].

The authors report the various locations (ileal, appendicular, colic, rectal and through Meckel diverticulum) of the fistulas between the bladder and the digestive tract and specify the mainly inflammatory etiologies and specifically those due to the Crohn disease or those caused by tumors aggravated by irradiation and repeated surgery.

[Uretero-intestinal fistulas].

Reporting their experience of these seldom described fistulas, the authors specify their etiological modalities, mainly the infected stones, the multiple clinical symptomatology and specify the various locations between the ureter and the enteral duct from the duodenum to the anal channel at any point.

[Bladder leiomyomas and fibromas. Apropos of 8 cases].

Eight cases of benign mesothelial tumors of the bladder are reviewed (7 leiomyomas and 1 fibroma). The authors describe the pathological and clinical features and the various possibilities of diagnosis of these uncommon tumors. The treatment is exclusively surgical and the prognosis is good in every case.

[Urinary malacoplakia. Anatomoclinical analysis of 3 cases with long-term follow-up. Review of the literature].

Malakoplakia is a granulomatous disease. We report 3 cases of this condition. This disease is characterized by its rarity, the nonspecific revealing signs, histological studies being the only method providing a positive diagnosis, and the possibility of healing with a simple medical treatment.

The lactation consultant as expert witness.

Several factors contributed to the impact of Ms. Scott's testimony on the judge and thereby on the case. Most obvious was the degree of her expertise; just as important was the way in which she presented her testimony.

[[Multilocular solitary renal cyst. 2 adult case reports with review of the literature].

The authors report 2 cases of renal multilocular cyst and review 250 cases reported in the literature, revealing the original features of this benign tumour which has an equal incidence in children and adults with a controversial acquired or malformative aetiopathogenesis, precise histological features, but a difficult preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis despite modern imaging techniques. In the great majority of cases, treatment consists of nephrectomy.

[Unusual tumors of the testis. Apropos of 22 cases].

The authors report their experience of rare non-germ-cell tumours of the testis over a period of 10 years. The criteria of benign disease, justifying testicular preservation in 5 out of 7 cases of epidermoid cysts, are defined. Four cases of Leydig cell tumours, including 3 with gynaecomastia, are described.

[Bladder biopsy in the diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis].

The authors report 5 cases of urogenital tuberculosis where examination of the urine failed to reveal any B.K. The diagnosis was suggested by the history of tuberculosis and the radiological appearance by intravenous pyelography.

[Breast cancer induced by estrogens in a prostate cancer patient].

The authors report a case of malignant breast tumour induced by oestrogens in a patient treated for 7 years for carcinoma of the prostate. They review the literature on the subject and stress the important diagnostic and prognostic role of hormonal receptor assays. These allow the much more numerous cases of mammary metastases of prostatic cancer to be distinguished and, in cases of primary malignant tumour, they permit the choice of the best possible hormone therapy available.

[Apparently primary malignant secreting renal lymphoma (immunocytoma)].

The authors report a case of renal lymphoma which secreted a monoclonal Ig M kappa immunoglobulin (immunocytoma) and which was diagnosed on the basis of its secretion. They analyse the problems posed by the indication for surgery, the histological nature, the management and the prognosis.

[Regression and disappearance of bone metastasis in a case of prostatic carcinoma after bilateral orchidectomy and oestrogen therapy (author's transl)].

The author reports an exceptional case of 12 years survival in a case of prostatic carcinoma with bone metastases. He notes the high degree of hormone dependence of this tumour which was seen particularly clearly following bilateral orchidectomy. Certain bone metastases disappeared completely whilst others regressed.

[Retroperitoneal cystic schwannoma. Review of literature. A case report (author's transl)].

One case of retroperitoneal cystic schwannoma (neurilemoma) in a 35 year old woman is described. With a review of literature are analysed the clinical and anatomo-pathological features of this uncommon tumour and the methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment.

[Cowper's canals and glands. Pathological manifestations and radiologic aspects].

From 11 personal case studies, the authors conduct a general review of the problems raised by Cowper's glands. Cowper's glands, accessory sexual glands, are made up of main glands situated behind and on either side of the bulbar urethra right at the level of the urolgenital diaphragm and of accessory glands situated in the thickness of the bulbar spongy body. The main glands are drained by long canals (several centimeters in length) which empty into the bulbar urethra by paramedian orifices.

[Urothelial inverse papilloma. Review of the literature (appropos of 2 cases: 1 vesical, the other urethral)].

The authors report two cases of urothelial inverse papilloma and review the 94 observations in the published literature. Some fundamental features of the condition are outlined: 1) DEFINITION: paramalpighian papillary tumor which spreads towards the chorium but does not invade it, and lies under the intact urothelium which is folded towards the lumen of the urinary tract, 2) Site: usually cervicotrigonal but may be urethral; 3) Evolution: usually benign but sometimes recurrent; 4) Histogenesis: abnormal proliferation of Von Brunn's islets. 5) Association: possible with bladder carcinomas.