Musculoskeletal pain is not clearly associated with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether self-reported musculoskeletal pain (MSP) was associated with a future anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: In this population-based prospective cohort study, we included 8087 participants from the adolescent part of the Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT) in Norway. The exposure was self-reported MSP from the Young-HUNT3 study (2006-2008), which was categorised into two MSP load groups (high MSP and low MSP) based on frequency and number of pain sites.

How well do doctors understand a scientific article in English when it is not their first language? A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: English is the of science. How well doctors understand English is therefore crucial for their understanding of scientific articles. However, only 5% of the world's population have English as their first language.

Daily energy expenditure and cardiovascular risk in Masai, rural and urban Bantu Tanzanians.

Background: Several studies have revealed that the Masai, pastoralists in Tanzania, have low rates of coronary heart disease despite a diet high in saturated fat. It has also been suggested that they may be genetically protected. Recent studies detailing other potential protective factors, however, are lacking.

Physical activity and blood lipids in rural and urban Tanzanians.

Background: Physical inactivity and raised blood lipids are two powerful risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Incidence and mortality from CHD are expected to increase in developing countries. However, studies on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Africa are rare.

Cardiorespiratory fitness in relation to self-reported physical function in cancer patients after chemotherapy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the association between objective cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and subjective self-reported physical function, taking into account the influence of mental distress. We hypothesized an association between these parameters, since they might be thought to measure parts of the same phenomenon.

Methods: Approximately 1 month after discontinuation of all primary treatment, 90 cancer patients aged 18-50 years treated with chemotherapy were surveyed.

Effectiveness of physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in young and middle-aged cancer patients shortly after chemotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a supervised home-based flexible training program on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), mental distress, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters in young and middle-aged cancer patients shortly after curative chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: One hundred eleven patients age 18 to 50 years who had received chemotherapy for lymphomas or breast, gynecologic, or testicular cancer completed the trial. These patients were randomly allocated to either an intervention group (n = 59), which underwent a 14-week training program, or a control group (n = 52) that received standard care.

[Physical activity and health--recommendations].

Background: The health consequences of physical inactivity and the health gains of regular physical activity are briefly summarized. We present physical activity recommendations based on a review of the literature for the general adult population.

Methods: This report employs recognised international standards for establishing causal relationships between physical activity and disease, distinguishing between four different levels: Convincing, probable, possible and insufficient evidence.

Active recovery and post-exercise white blood cell count, free fatty acids, and hormones in endurance athletes.

Strenuous endurance exercise in fasted subjects is accompanied by increased plasma levels of catecholamines, leucocytosis, low insulin, and elevated plasma free fatty acids (FFA). Immediately after such exercise, plasma FFA may rise to high and potentially harmful levels, whereas the white blood cell count (WBCC) rapidly decreases towards or below baseline values. The present work investigated how active recovery (AR) for 15 min at 50% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), after 60 min of uphill running at 83% of VO2max, influenced plasma FFA, lymphocyte, neutrophil, granulocyte, and monocyte count, as well as adrenaline, noradrenaline, insulin and cortisol concentrations until 120 min post-exercise.

[Physical activity, overweight and obesity].

Regular physical activity has profound effects on body composition and the utilisation of nutrients and help to maintain and increase skeletal muscle mass, with increased resting metabolic rate and enhanced capacity for lipid oxidation during rest and exercise. Regular exercise may also prevent or limit the loss of lean tissue (fat-free mass, FFM) during slimming regimens. Increased physical activity induces a number of favourable changes in the metabolism of lipoproteins: serum triglycerides are lowered by the increased lipolytic activity, the HDL concentration increases and the concentration of small dense LDL decreases.

Active recovery reduces the decrease in circulating white blood cells after exercise.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of different recovery regimens on white blood cell count (WBCC) and muscle enzyme activities following strenuous, submaximal, steady state workouts on a treadmill. Fourteen endurance trained, healthy, non-smoking college-aged males participated in the study. The workouts were followed by either 15-min of rest recovery (RR), or active recovery (AR).

Active recovery counteracts the post-exercise rise in plasma-free fatty acids.

The present study investigated the effect of active recovery (AR) as compared to rest recovery (RR) upon FFA concentrations following moderate- (MI) or high-intensity (HI) running. Fourteen well-trained males (23.7 +/- 6 years, VáO2max = 69.

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation does not improve maximal aerobic power, anaerobic threshold and running performance in well-trained soccer players.

In a randomized, placebo-controlled study the effect of 10 weeks of supplementation with either 5.2 g of a concentrated fish oil triglyceride (Triomar) enriched in omega-3 fatty acids (1.60 g/day EPA and 1.

Exercise intensity. An important factor in the etiology of menstrual dysfunction?

Unlabelled: The objective of this case control study was to compare training activity in female long distance runners with irregular (IR, n = 13) and regular (R, n = 16) menstrual function, especially with regard to exercise intensity. Serum estradiol concentration during the follicular phase was considered normal in the R subjects (31 +/- 6 pg/I). In contrast, the IR runners were clearly hypoestrogenic (11 +/- 1.

[High altitude training].

The physiological rationale for altitude training is discussed in the article. Acclimatisation to high altitude is accompanied by increases in haematocrit and haemoglobin concentrations, primarily due to a reduction in plasma volume but also to increased erythropoiesis as a result of enhanced erythropoietin release. Owing to the reduction of training load during acclimatisation, maximal aerobic capacity is not necessarily enhanced after high altitude training.

L-tryptophan supplementation does not improve running performance.

In 1988 Segura and Ventura (14) reported that 1.2 g of L-Tryptophan (L-TRY) supplementation increased total exercise time by 49.4% when the subjects were running at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).

Comparison of changes in testosterone concentrations after strength and endurance exercise in well trained men.

Changes in the testosterone concentrations after single sessions of endurance and strength training were measured in seven well trained men, experienced in both forms of training. Both training sessions were rated as hard to very hard on the Borg scale. Blood samples for testosterone measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 2, 4 and 6 h after the training sessions as well as the next morning.

Sex differences in performance-matched marathon runners.

Six male and six female runners were chosen on the basis of age (20-30 years) and their performance over the marathon distance (mean time = 199.4, SEM 2.3 min for men and 201.

Relationship of high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration to the duration and intensity of endurance training.

Eleven healthy, male students were studied over period of 8 months. Five were sedentary subjects, and six were competitive cross-country skiers engaged in endurance training of varying amount and intensity. Serum concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased significantly during physical endurance training of low intensity and long duration.

Excretion of casts and uromucoid in urine after prolonged heavy exercise.

Excretion of uromucoid, albumin and casts in urine were determined in twenty well-trained men, ten aged 20-30 years, and ten aged 50-60 years, before, during and after a 70 km cross country ski race. During the race there was only a slight increase in uromucoid excretion, but a marked increase in the excretion of casts and albumin. The older subjects had a tendency to lower urine output during the race compared to the younger group.