Classroom intervention to improve behavioral intention toward regular physical activity among adolescents.

Background: During adolescence, a critical phase in human life, the groundwork for a healthful future is established. Physical inactivity poses a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and related mortality worldwide. To assess adolescents' behavioral intentions regarding regular physical activity, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) examines 'Attitude,' 'Subjective norm,' and 'Perceived behavioral control.

Addiction habits in a rural cohort of injection drug users and effects on serum lipid profile: Analysis of a repeated measures study from an eastern state of India.

Background Injecting drug use (IDU) is associated with several cardiometabolic risks. We aimed to measure the independent effects of IDU behaviour and related factors on serum lipid profile among people who inject drugs (PWIDs). Methods We did a longitudinal study with six follow-up measurements at an interval of 2 months among 104 PWIDs from 11 selected hotspots under two blocks in West Bengal, India.

Correction: Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01037-8.].

Introduction to Osteoporosis, Osteomalacia, and Fragility Fractures.

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease of the bones leading to decreased bone mineral density, leading to fragility fractures. This article is an overview of osteoporosis, osteomalacia and fragility fractures and serves as an introductory article for this special issue on osteoporosis.

Methods: This is a short, comprehensive account of the given conditions with concepts and a review from the recent literature.

Pain Management in Osteoporosis.

The most prevalent metabolic bone disease, osteoporosis, is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and alterations to the bone's microstructure, both of which can result in fragility fractures. It affects a significant section of the population. Acute or chronic pain from these fractures is typical in elderly adults with other coexisting conditions.

Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP).

Use of glucocorticoid in various diseases including rheumatology and respiratory diseases is on the rise because of its prompt beneficial effects. This culminates in osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Judicious use of glucocorticoid hence calls for attention with regard to the dose schedule, route of administration and accompanying enhancing factors.

Biologics: Teriparatide and Newer Anabolics.

The landscape of osteoporosis management has evolved significantly over the years, witnessing a paradigm shift from conventional therapies to the emergence of biologic agents. This chapter delves into the intricate mechanisms, potential applications, and future directions of biologic interventions in osteoporosis care. Biologic agents, with their targeted approach to bone health, have revolutionized the field by offering precision-driven strategies that address the underlying mechanisms of bone fragility.

Osteoporosis in Asthma and COPD.

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are principally lifestyle related chronic inflammatory airway disease. They are globally associated with various systemic comorbidities and mortality. Osteoporosis is the common associated metabolic bone disease with respiratory disturbances, which affect the prognosis and increase mortality and morbidity in the patients.

In-situ and airborne hyperspectral data for detecting agricultural activities in a dense forest landscape.

Maintaining rich biodiversity and being a habitat and resource for humans, tropical forests are one of the most important global biomes. These forest ecosystems have been experiencing a host of unregulated anthropogenic activities including illegal tourism, and shifting cultivation. The presence of human-habitats in the restricted zones of forest ecosystems is a direct indicator of the human activities that may accelerate deterioration of forest quality by area and tree species composition.

Home-Isolation Care in Newly COVID-19-Positive Elderly Patients: A Caregiver-Centric Explanatory Framework.

This community-based study aimed to identify the effect of different behavioral factors of family caregivers on the decision for home-isolation-based treatment of a new COVID-19-diagnosed elderly individual. It also explored the facilitators and barriers contributing to the decision-making process. A mixed-methods design was adopted to study the role of behavioral constructs such as risk tolerance, risk aversion, regret aversion, loss aversion, self-efficacy, and risk perception in healthcare-seeking decisions.

School-based intervention on behavioral intention of adolescents regarding healthy diet in India.

Introduction: Adolescence is a distinctive period of life when intense physical, psychological, and cognitive development occurs. A healthy diet helps prevent various forms of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer. The current study aimed to assess the change in behavioral intentions (measured based on the TPB) toward healthy dietary practices through health promotion intervention among adolescents studying in selected schools in an urban area of West Bengal, India.

Exploring Challenges of Access to Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Prevention, Treatment and Care: A Qualitative Study on People Living with NCDs (PLWNCDs) in West Bengal, India.

Background: People living with noncommunicable diseases (PLWNCDs) are often disproportionately affected due to adverse interaction with socioecological and biological factors. Hence, it is imperative to learn from their lived experience to gain a greater understanding of interactions as well as explore their priorities and needs in accessing care and identify areas of priority action through multistakeholder engagement.

Materials And Methods: The qualitative study with grounded theory approach was conducted between October and December 2020.

Perceived behavioral control regarding regular physical activity and healthy diet: An observational study among school-going adolescents in an urban area of West Bengal, India.

Background: Healthy children are the foundation for a healthy and developing nation. Perceived behavioral control (PBC), comprising control belief and perceived power, is a person's perception of the ease or difficulty of performing the behavior of interest. For facilitating regular physical activity and regular healthy dietary practices among the adolescents, PBC is an important construct to develop and implement appropriate interventions.

Treatment adherence status of the TB patients notified from private sector and its associated factors: Findings of a secondary data analysis from West Bengal, India.

Introduction: In India, each year, estimated one million TB cases are missing from notification, most of them being diagnosed treated in private sector. The large number of patients in private sector has raised concerns about suboptimal quality of care; lack of systems for treatment adherence thus raising the risk of drug resistance. The current analysis was conducted to find out the status of TB treatment adherence in private sector & to identify the factors associated with poor TB treatment adherence.

Multi-resolution terrestrial hyperspectral dataset for spectral unmixing problems.

Recent developments in the miniaturization of hyperspectral imaging sensors have given rise to the increased use of hyperspectral imagery as the primary data for evaluating spectral unmixing algorithms in applications such as industrial quality control, agriculture, mineral mapping, military, etc. This article presents an ultra-high-resolution hyperspectral imagery dataset for undertaking benchmark studies on spectral unmixing. A terrestrial hyperspectral imager (THI) is used for imaging the target scene with the camera sensor pointing horizontally towards the target scene.

Contributing factors of willingness and hesitancy regarding acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in primary care settings: A qualitative study in an eastern state of India.

Background: For any effective vaccination strategy, the willingness of the beneficiaries and its contributing factors are important. This study was conducted among the health-care workers (HCWs) and community members to find the perceptions regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and understand the influencers and the barriers of vaccine acceptance.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative study was conducted from October 2020 to December 2020 in two primary care settings in an urban area.

Gender Equity Perceptions Among School-Going Adolescents: A Mixed-Methods Comparison Amongst Tribal and Non-Tribal Rural Areas of an Eastern State in India.

Gender equity is an important social determinant of population health. There are very few studies in the Indian context in this regard, and even less regarding the diversity in tribal-dominated and non-tribal regions. The current study was conducted to assess and compare the perceptions of adolescents going to selected schools of tribal-dominated and non-tribal rural areas in West Bengal, India, regarding gender equity.

Role of Threat and Coping Appraisal in Protection Motivation for Adoption of Preventive Behavior During COVID-19 Pandemic.

With more than 100 million cases and over 2 million deaths globally, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to remain a major threat. Identifying the behavioral factors influencing preventive behaviors for COVID-19 are crucial in devising public health policies to promote essential strategies to combat the pandemic in an efficient manner. The current study was therefore conducted to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and measure their association with behavioral constructs like threat perception, response efficacy, and self-efficacy, as per socio-demographic background.

Evaluation of village health and nutrition day program in a block of Hooghly District, West Bengal: A mixed-methods approach.

Background: Village Health and Nutrition Day (VHND) is a community participation program focusing on pregnant women, lactating mothers, children (0-5 years), and adolescent girls.

Objectives: To assess the status of VHND functioning in the rural areas, and to determine the facilitators and barriers of health care service utilization among the beneficiaries. Also, to explore the challenges faced by the front-line workers while conducting the program.

Attitude and perception of gender equity among students and teachers of a rural school in West Bengal: A mixed-method approach.

Introduction: "Gender" denotes the differences in the social roles of different sexes. This interaction results in variable health outcomes and care-seeking behavior. The present study was conducted to find out the attitude of school-going adolescents regarding gender equity and also to explore teachers' perceptions in this context in a school of tribal belt of West Bengal.

Has loneliness and poor resilient coping influenced the magnitude of psychological distress among apparently healthy Indian adults during the lockdown? Evidence from a rapid online nation-wide cross-sectional survey.

Background: The burden of psychological distress is increasing with the spread of the pandemic and also with the enforcement of its containment measures. The aim of this research was to determine the proportion of self-reported psychological distress, loneliness and degrees of resilient coping, and to also investigate the relationship of loneliness, coping and other variables with psychological distress among apparently healthy Indians during nation-wide lockdown period.

Methods: A cross-sectional, region-stratified survey using pre-designed pre-tested Google form disseminated via different social media platforms was conducted.

Correlates of insomnia among the adults during COVID19 pandemic: evidence from an online survey in India.

Background: Psychosocial distresses are often associated with sleep disorders. This is found as a common population level observation during natural calamities or emergency situations like a pandemic. The current study was conducted to determine the magnitude of self-reported insomnia, and to identify its associated factors among the apparently healthy Indian adult population having access to social media during the lockdown period of COVID 19 pandemic.