Independent Association of Postdoctoral Training with Subsequent Careers in Cancer Prevention.

The purpose of this study was to examine the career paths of alumni from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP), a structured in-house postdoctoral training program of 3-4 years duration, and specifically what proportion of the alumni were currently performing cancer prevention-related activities. The analyses here included 119 CPFP alumni and 85 unsuccessful CPFP applicants, all of whom completed postdoctoral training between 1987-2011 and are currently employed. Postdoctoral training experiences and current career outcomes data were collected via online surveys.

The dynamics of melt and shear localization in partially molten aggregates.

The volcanoes that lie along the Earth's tectonic boundaries are fed by melt generated in the mantle. How this melt is extracted and focused to the volcanoes, however, remains an unresolved question. Here we present new theoretical results with implications for melt focusing beneath mid-ocean ridges.

Abnormalities of cells and extracellular matrix of T/T embryos.

The dominant mutation T, (Brachyury), of the T/t-complex in the mouse causes severe disorganization in neural tube, notochord, and somites in homozygotes. The use of scanning electron microscopy to investigate the relationships of cells to one another and to the extracellular matrix in the three axial organs and in the head mesenchyme reveals that cells in all areas examined are abnormal in size, shape, and arrangement in T/T embryos. Cells of T/T head mesenchyme and somites are arrayed in flat sheets of broadened cells with fewer cytoplasmic processes than those of normal littermates.

In vitro development of inner cell masses isolated from t0/t0 and tW5/tW5 mouse embryos.

Inner cell masses (ICMs) isolated immunosurgically from mouse blastocysts segregating the homozygous lethal mutants t0/t0 and tW5/tW5 were cultured in vitro. Presumed t0/t0 ICMs fail to grow after three days in culture (equivalent gestational day 7.5) when they consist of an outer layer of endoderm cells surrounding about 30 epiblast cells.

Cartilage matrix deficiency (cmd): a new autosomal recessive lethal mutation in the mouse.

A new autosomal recessive lethal mutation in the mouse designated cartilage matrix deficiency (cmd) is described. Homozygotes are dwarfed, and have abnormally short trunk, limbs, tail and snout, as well as a protruding tongue and cleft palate. The abdomen is distended because the foreshortened rib cage and spinal column forces the liver ventrad from its normal location.

Embryological study of a T/t locus mutation (tw73) affecting trophectoderm development.

Mouse embryos homozygous for the recessive lethal mutation tw73 show specific defects in trophectoderm shortly after implantation. The trophectoderm and ectoplacental cone fail to form the usual close association with the uterine decidua, and proliferation is markedly reduced. The embryo proper ceases to develop beyond the two-layered stage and degenerates and dies within 5 days of implantation.

Morphological stages of regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina: A light and electron microscopic study.

A precise sequence of four morphological stages of head regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina has been determined by light and electron microscopy. Each stage is identified by a particular morphogenetic process: I, wound healing; II, blastema development; III, growth; IV, differentiation. A wound epidermis consisting of a thin, sheet-like layer of cells, rapidly forms from undamaged epidermal cells at the wound margin.