Publications by authors named "SM Jackson"

When an understanding of pathogenesis exists, skin lesions that have the appearance of blood in the skin can provide insight into the mechanisms leading to a systemic process that results in cutaneous manifestations. Of the vascular disturbances of the skin that occur in critically ill patients, some result from a non-hemorrhagic process while occurs represent bleeding into the skin. The lesions of livedo, petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses can be approached from such a perspective.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette transporter that exports a wide range of xenobiotic compounds and has been recognized as a contributing factor for multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Substrate and inhibitor interactions with ABCG2 have been extensively studied and small molecule inhibitors have been developed that prevent the export of anticancer drugs from tumor cells. Here, we explore the potential for inhibitors that target sites other than the substrate binding pocket of ABCG2.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Over the past few years, there has been increased visibility of, and attention paid to, enduring issues such as racial discrimination toward Black Americans. Black psychologists have been called upon to explain various race-related mental health issues to the public, as well as their colleagues and students. Discussions about how to heal from persistent, intergenerational, oppressive attacks on the African psyche are important, but the theories and treatments in which most practitioners are trained and considered "best practices" are Eurocentric in nature.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The cellular processes that support human coronavirus replication and contribute to the pathogenesis of severe disease remain incompletely understood. Many viruses, including coronaviruses, cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during infection. IRE1α is a component of the cellular response to ER stress that initiates non-conventional splicing of mRNA.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To explore the perspectives on patient and family needs during cancer treatment and survivorship of American Indian (AI) cancer survivors, caregivers, Tribal leaders, and healers.

Participants & Setting: 36 AI cancer survivors from three reservations in the Great Plains region.

Methodologic Approach: A community-based participatory research design was employed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A study investigated the role of tumor genomics in predicting recurrence risk for patients with localized clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) after surgery, using a large cohort of 943 cases.
  • Researchers analyzed the mutation status of 12 genes, particularly focusing on von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) mutations, finding distinct groups with different disease-free survival rates.
  • The results suggest that genomic profiling can help tailor adjuvant treatment decisions, with patients having only a VHL mutation possibly needing less aggressive therapy compared to those with additional mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is emerging as a therapeutic gold standard in the management of aortic stenosis. However, post-procedural complications of this procedure are being increasingly recognised. We therefore performed this systematic review and meta-analysis on the prognostic value of elevated troponin prior to TAVI to predict risk of post-procedural complications.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The consumption of fungi by animals is a significant trophic interaction in most terrestrial ecosystems, yet the role mammals play in these associations has been incompletely studied. In this review, we compile 1 154 references published over the last 146 years and provide the first comprehensive global review of mammal species known to eat fungi (508 species in 15 orders). We review experimental studies that found viable fungal inoculum in the scats of at least 40 mammal species, including spores from at least 58 mycorrhizal fungal species that remained viable after ingestion by mammals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Comprehensive global range maps for all existing mammal species are crucial for biodiversity studies and conservation efforts, facilitating better understanding of their distribution.
  • The maps are created through a meticulous process involving digital interpretation, georeferencing, and alignment across multiple taxonomic databases, including HMW, CMW, and MDD.
  • Although expert maps have limitations in detail and precision, the provided georeferenced shapefiles, accompanied by species metadata, enhance accessibility and the potential for future updates through an online platform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Stroke survivors recovering in rural and remote locations often have little or no access to rehabilitation services. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on recovering in rural and remote Australia, from the perspective of stroke survivors. Use of technology to support recovery was also explored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We tested dogs for a violation of independence from irrelevant alternatives, which would indicate irrational behavior. In Experiment 1, we offered 10 dogs' choices among alternative passages. The target passage led to more food than the competitor passage but required dogs to enter a narrower passage.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ABCG2 is a multidrug transporter that affects drug pharmacokinetics and contributes to multidrug resistance of cancer cells. In previously reported structures, the reaction cycle was halted by the absence of substrates or ATP, mutation of catalytic residues, or the presence of small-molecule inhibitors or inhibitory antibodies. Here we present cryo-EM structures of ABCG2 under turnover conditions containing either the endogenous substrate estrone-3-sulfate or the exogenous substrate topotecan.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The flying squirrels (Pteromyini, Rodentia) are the most diverse and widely distributed group of gliding mammals. Taxonomic boundaries and relationships within flying squirrels remain an area of active research in mammalogy. The discovery of new specimens of ( ) Thomas, 1921 previously considered a synonym of , in Yunnan Province, China allowed a morphological and genetic reassessment of the status of this taxon.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter whose function affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs and contributes to multidrug resistance of cancer cells. While its interaction with the endogenous substrate estrone-3-sulfate (ES) has been elucidated at a structural level, the recognition and recruitment of exogenous compounds is not understood at sufficiently high resolution. Here we present three cryo-EM structures of nanodisc-reconstituted, human ABCG2 bound to anticancer drugs tariquidar, topotecan and mitoxantrone.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Technology is being increasingly investigated as an option to allow stroke survivors to exploit their full potential for recovery by facilitating home-based upper limb practice. This review seeks to explore the factors that influence perseverance with technology-facilitated home-based upper limb practice after stroke.

Methods: A systematic mixed studies review with sequential exploratory synthesis was undertaken.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Recovering from stroke in remote Australia has rarely been considered, even though rehabilitation services are generally scarce. The primary purpose of this study was to explore stroke recovery, from the perspective of stroke survivors in remote northwest Queensland (NWQ), to explicate the lens through which they view recovering. The secondary purpose was to explore the role of technology to support stroke survivors in remote locations along their recovery journey.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A previous study failed to find evidence that dogs could use olfactory cues to discriminate between 1 and 5 hot dog slices presented on a single trial (Horowitz et al., Learning and Motivation, 44, 207-217, 2013). In the experiments reported here, multiple trials were used to test dogs' ability to use olfaction to choose one of two opaque containers under which a larger number of food items was placed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

It is necessary to conduct Clinical Trials in children, including for novel vaccines. Children cannot legally provide valid consent, but can assent to research participation. Informed consent and assent communications are frequently criticized for their lack of comprehensibility and often, researchers do not involve patients in informed consent design.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

BACKGROUND Strongyloidiasis, caused by infection with Strongyloides stercoralis parasitic nematodes, is most prevalent in tropical regions of the world, such as South America, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa, but its incidence has increased in nonendemic areas of the United States due to immigration. The majority of patients remain asymptomatic or have only mild gastrointestinal, respiratory, or dermatologic symptoms. Unrecognized strongyloidiasis can progress to Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, a highly fatal complication that can occur in response to immunosuppressive therapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The demand for effective biomarkers in surgical vascular disease is rising, particularly for preoperative risk assessment, with the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) emerging as a strong candidate.
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 5,652 patients found that elevated NLR is linked to increased short-term and long-term mortality risk after vascular surgery.
  • Despite its potential as a simple and accessible prognostic tool, variations in patient demographics and surgical types make direct comparisons across studies difficult, indicating a need for further investigation into NLR's effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Research shows a connection between depression and issues with processing rewards in both humans and animals, hinting at potential biomarkers and treatment targets.
  • The study critically examined existing findings and theories, using established causality frameworks and modern prediction techniques.
  • Through a preregistered meta-analysis, the researchers pointed out various challenges and determined that while reward processing issues aren't strong enough for clinical prediction, they might still contribute causally to depression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To arrive at a coherent understanding of the relation between glucocorticoids and the human brain, we systematically reviewed the literature for studies examining the associations between endogenous or exogenous cortisol and human brain function. Higher levels of endogenous cortisol during psychological stress were related to increased activity in the middle temporal gyrus and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), decreased activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and altered function (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The prognostic value of asymptomatic perioperative troponin rise in vascular surgery is unclear. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the significance of clinical and subclinical troponin elevation after vascular surgery.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library, without language restriction, from inception to May 2019 and included studies that reported associations between elevated postoperative troponin and short-term mortality, major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), or long-term mortality in a vascular surgery cohort.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Tariquidar derivatives have been described as potent and selective ABCG2 inhibitors. However, their susceptibility to hydrolysis limits their applicability. The current study comprises the synthesis and characterization of novel tariquidar-related inhibitors, obtained by bioisosteric replacement of the labile moieties in our previous tariquidar analog UR-ME22-1 (9).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an emerging inflammatory perioperative biomarker which has been studied to predict the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic accuracy of elevated perioperative NLR in predicting POAF after cardiac surgery.

Methods: Multiple databases were searched from inception to May 2019 for prognostic studies on perioperative NLR and POAF following cardiac surgery.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF