Tomato -gene-mediated resistance against Fusarium wilt originates in roots and extends to shoots via xylem to limit pathogen colonization.

Vascular wilt disease, caused by the soil-borne fungus (), poses a threat to many crop species. Four different tomato resistance () genes (, , , and ) have been identified to confer protection against f.sp.

The tomato P69 subtilase family is involved in resistance to bacterial wilt.

The intercellular space or apoplast constitutes the main interface in plant-pathogen interactions. Apoplastic subtilisin-like proteases-subtilases-may play an important role in defence and they have been identified as targets of pathogen-secreted effector proteins. Here, we characterise the role of the Solanaceae-specific P69 subtilase family in the interaction between tomato and the vascular bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum.

Pattern-triggered immunity restricts host colonization by endophytic fusaria, but does not affect endophyte-mediated resistance.

Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) is best known as a host-specific vascular pathogen causing major crop losses. Most Fo strains, however, are root endophytes potentially conferring endophyte-mediated resistance (EMR). EMR is a mechanistically poorly understood root-specific induced resistance response induced by endophytic or nonhost pathogenic Fo strains.

[Evidence of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various biological materials].

Among 413 strains of S. aureus isolated from patients with chronic staphylococcal infections, from haemocultures in bacteriaemia and septic conditions, from gynaecological materials and nasal plugs of healthy carriers the authors detected the production of one or several types of enterotoxins in 124 strains (30.0%), production of TSST-1 in 19 strains (4.

Significance of specific antibody determination in Lyme borreliosis diagnosis.

The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis, except in cases characterised by pathognomonic clinical manifestation, usually requires confirmation by means of microbiological diagnostic assay, mainly by antibody detection methods. In our study antibodies to B. burgdorferi were tested in neurological patients with suspected Lyme borreliosis, depending on syndrome and clinical diagnosis.

[Coagulase negative staphylococci isolated on blood cultures].

224 coagulase-negative strains of staphylococci (CNS) isolated from haemocultures of hospitalized patients were classified into 11 types. The most frequent one was S. epidermis (73.

[Triple combination antimicrobial therapy of Helicobacter pylori and basal levels of serum gastrin].

Background: The etiopathogenic relationship of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection to chronic active antrumgastritis and peptic ulcer disease has been confirmed by a number of studies. The key role in the development of peptic lesions belongs to hypergastrinemia. This is supposed to be related to ammonium synthesis in the antral area influenced (promoted by HP and resulting in interruption) weakening of the negative feedback mechanism maintaining intraluminal acidity.

[The significance of Helicobacter pylori infection in the etiology of abdominal pain in children].

Chronic and recurrent abdominal pain are frequent diagnostic problems in school age and adolescent children. The authors examined the IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori using ELISA in a group of 91 children. Positive results were found in 20 children, i.

[The effect of antibiotics and their combinations on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro].

During the ten year period (1981-1990) of detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility towards anti-Pseudomonas antibiotics a decrease in susceptibility towards GEN took place, namely from 91.7% to 80.0%.

[Long-term study of the sensitivity of staphylococci to antibiotics and their combinations].

The results of the long-term follow up of the sensitivity of S. aureus in our catchment area to nine commonly used antibiotics indicate that unaltered state of sensitivity to OXA, SPI, GEN, CFT, LIN (97.2%-99.

[The in vitro effects of josamycin on various strains of bacteria].

The minimal inhibitory concentration of josamycin was studied by the dilution plate method on the strains Staphylococcus aureus, plasmacoagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and enterococci. The effect of josamycin was compared with that of erythromycin, penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazol, and furantion. Of the series of 572 strains tested, josamycin was most effective in the strains Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae.

Transferability of antibiotic resistance determinants in strains of Staphylococcus aureus belonging to different phage groups.

A total of 107 donor strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical material, with a high incidence of multiresistant strains belonging predominantly to phage group III, were tested for transmission of determinants of resistance to 6 antibiotics using mixed cultures of donor strains and the recipient Staphylococcus aureus strain 5849-fur-r, rif-r. The capability of strains to transfer resistance markers to the recipient was found to depend neither on phage group nor phage type to which the donor strain belonged, but strains possessing multiple resistance to antibiotics effectuated transfers at comparatively higher frequencies.

Use of Staphylococcus aureus for rapid radioimmunoassay of influenza A virus haemagglutinin.

In a rapid method for the radioimmunoassay (RIA) of influenza A virus haemagglutinin, Staphylococcus aureus (strain Cowan I, Czechoslovak State Collection No Mau 55/64) was used for separation of bound and free antigens. With rabbit and human immune sera, the binding of antigen-antibody complexes to heat-killed, formalin-fixed staphylocci was comparable to the double antibody technique. The time required for the completion of binding reaction was about 10 min compared to 18--24 hr required for double antibody precipitation.

Presence of complement-fixing antibodies against antigens of Gross virus-induced rat lymphoma and normal rat thymus in sera of patients with some forms of malignancies.

Presence of complement-fixing antibodies against soluble antigen(s) of Gross virus-induced rat lymphoma W/Fu(C58NT)D was determined in sera of 180 healthy donors, in sera from 100 healthy pregnant women and in sera obtained from 139 patients with acute myelosis, acute lymphadenosis, acute undifferentiated leukosis, chronic myelosis, chronic lymphadenosis and Hodgkin's disease. Antibodies against soluble complement-fixing antigen from W/Fu(C58NT)D rat lymphoma were found in 33 (5).5%) out of 64 sera of patients with acute leukemia, in 15 out of 60 sera of patients with Hodgkin's disease, in 17 (9.