Publications by authors named "SHINAGAWA K"

Our thoughts are inherently dynamic, often wandering far from the current situation. Mind-wandering (MW), which is these thought transitions, is crucial for understanding the nature of human thought. Although previous research has identified various factors influencing MW, a comprehensive framework integrating these findings remains absent.

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Our thought states change without intention. This study verified that the transition of thought states varies with fluctuations in autonomic nervous activity, and that this effect is modulated by interoceptive accuracy. The participants completed the heartbeat counting task (HCT) and vigilance task.

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  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates our internal environment, and recent studies are exploring how subtle tactile stimuli influence ANS and brain activity in humans.
  • In an experiment with 43 participants, researchers applied subthreshold electrical stimuli to the left forearm while they viewed images, measuring heart rate (using ECG) and brain activity (using EEG).
  • Results indicated that heart rates slowed immediately after the stimuli were applied, with effects varying based on the type of tactile stimulus, suggesting different autonomic responses based on the clarity of the stimulation.
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  • - A 47-year-old woman experienced ongoing lower abdominal pain for over two weeks, leading to a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction caused by a mass in the terminal ileum after imaging tests.
  • - Despite initial treatment efforts, her condition worsened, and emergency surgery was performed, revealing severe stenosis and an ileal perforation.
  • - Pathological analysis confirmed the patient had intestinal endometriosis, highlighting the need to consider this rare condition in cases of bowel obstruction in women of childbearing age.
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Cancer tissues exhibit an acidic microenvironment owing to the accumulation of protons and lactic acid produced by cancer and inflammatory cells. To examine the role of an acidic microenvironment in lymphatic cancer metastasis, gene expression profiling was conducted using human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs) treated with a low pH medium. Microarray and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that acid treatment induced the expression of inflammation-related genes in HDLECs, including genes encoding chemokines and adhesion molecules.

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Background: The effect of the thumb test for assessing the cancellous bone quality at the resection plane of the proximal humerus on determining the application of a stemless shoulder prosthesis remains unclear. This study was conducted to survey the current utilization of the thumb test among surgeons and to investigate biomechanical features of the thumb test.

Method: A survey among shoulder surgeons who had experience with stemless prostheses was conducted to investigate the current utilization of preoperative assessments and intraoperative thumb test when applying stemless prosthesis.

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Our thought states shift from one state to another from moment to moment. The relationship between the thought shifting and bodily responses is yet to be directly examined. This exploratory study examined the influence of cardiovascular reactivity and interoception-sensing an internal bodily state-on the shifting of thought states.

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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapy that challenges distorted cognitions; however, the neural mechanisms that underpin CBT remain unclear. Hence, we aimed to assess the treatment-related resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes in the brain regions associated with future thinking and the associations between rsFC changes and clinical improvements. Thirty-eight adult patients with MDD were randomly assigned with equal likelihood to receive 16-week individual CBT or talking control with a 12-month follow-up period.

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Some studies have asked participants about attentional state on a scale from on-task to off-task, which set the middle option as attention focused on both, including the possibility of the coexistence of thoughts. In addition, studies using multidimensional probes explicitly assumed coexistence within spontaneous thoughts and task-focus dimensions. Although several studies have assumed the coexistence of some thought dimensions, none has explored whether these are different types of thoughts (task-focus, mind-wandering, task-related, external stimuli-related).

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Simultaneous bilateral proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) caused by a single trauma are considered rare. We herein report two patients with bilateral PHFs treated based on our treatment strategy: reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) to obtain rigid stability for one shoulder and open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) to regain the mobility of external and internal rotation for the other. By using Neer's four-segment fracture classification, patients underwent RSA for one shoulder with the more advanced fracture type and ORIF for the other.

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Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) and superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) are recognized as surgical options for an irreparable rotator cuff tear. However, the postoperative changes of the muscle activity patterns remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the quantified muscle activities on shoulder elevation in patients treated with RSA or SCR using fluorine-18-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography.

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  • * Out of 38 male goalkeepers, 16% were found to have a history of DTS, with notable differences in scapular positioning and rotator cuff strength compared to those without DTS.
  • * Findings suggest that issues like scapular malpositioning and limited scapular retraction may be linked to the occurrence of DTS in these athletes.
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The conventional analysis assumes a constant mental state during scanning and assesses the strength of functional connectivity as the average of the entire fMRI data. However, it is suggested that even at rest, functional connectivity may change with time, and the conventional analysis has not been able to fully evaluate its properties. To overcome this limitation, many studies propose an index called dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) or time-varying functional connectivity (TVFC) or the chronnectome.

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Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that dairy product consumption is beneficial for cognitive function in elderly individuals. β-lactolin is a Gly-Thr-Trp-Tyr lacto-tetrapeptide rich in fermented dairy products that improves memory retrieval, attention, and executive function in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and prevents the pathology of Alzheimer's disease in rodents. There has been no study on the effects of β-lactolin on neural activity in humans.

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Introduction: Fragment-type glenoid bone loss is known to remodel after arthroscopic Bankart repair. To our knowledge, no studies have been reported about the morphologic changes of the erosion-type bone loss.

Aim: To determine the morphologic changes of erosion-type glenoid bone loss after arthroscopic Bankart repair.

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Background: It remains unclear how the head and stem diameters for the radial head prosthesis could affect mechanical properties of the lateral collateral ligament measured by strain changes during elbow and forearm motions.

Methods: Eight cadaveric specimens were secured to the device, which allows elbow flexion-extension and forearm pro-supination. Using six different implant combinations comprising 2 sizes for the head (long- and short-axis of the native head) and 3 sizes for the stem (press-fit, -1 mm, and -2 mm downsizing), prostheses were attached via the posterior approach.

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Background: Bony defects are common injuries associated with anterior shoulder dislocation. It is generally thought that these bony defects are created at the time of dislocation. However, there have been no biomechanical reports demonstrating the exact time point when these lesions occur.

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  • A 70-something woman was hospitalized due to abdominal pain and loss of appetite, with lab tests showing high liver and pancreatic enzyme levels.
  • Imaging scans revealed enlarged bile and pancreatic ducts and a large diverticulum near the papilla of Vater, but no gallstones or tumors were found.
  • An urgent endoscopic procedure was performed to clean out the diverticulum of food residue, leading to immediate relief from her pain and gradual improvement in her condition.
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Background: The best method for nonsurgical treatment after primary dislocation of the shoulder is not clear. The efficacy of immobilization with the arm in external rotation (ER) compared with internal rotation (IR) remains controversial.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of ER immobilization versus IR immobilization on recurrence rate after primary dislocation of the shoulder from the evidence of randomized controlled trials.

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Background: Pitch velocity is associated with elbow injuries among skillful baseball players. However, the relationship between pitch velocity and throwing elbow injuries among youth players has not yet been clarified.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of pitch velocity on medial elbow pain and medial epicondyle abnormality among youth baseball players.

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Isolated recurrent dislocation of the radial head (RH) is very rare, and there have been few reports describing the surgical treatment of this injury. We herein report the case of a 13-year-old girl who underwent ligament reconstruction surgery for isolated recurrent RH dislocation. Her symptoms included pain and apprehension at the elbow with the forearm in supination.

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Background: It has been demonstrated biomechanically that 25% is a critical size defect of the glenoid. However, a recent clinical study reported that a bone loss between 13.5% and 20% (subcritical bone loss) led to impairment of quality of life but not a recurrence of instability.

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Background: Several measurement techniques have been reported to quantify glenoid bone defect in patients with anterior shoulder instability. Among them, the method that uses a best-fit circle and another that uses the contralateral glenoid as a control are most commonly used. However, to our knowledge, no study has been reported that compared the reliability of these methods.

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