The Age-Friendly Learning Healthcare System: Replicating electronic health record based documentation metrics for 4Ms care.

Background: University of Utah Health (UUH) is an academic medical center that achieved "committed to care excellence" in age-friendly care in 2021 and has a long-standing culture of quality improvement central to a learning health system. University of California San Francisco (UCSF) developed electronic health record (EHR) documentation metrics for inpatient assessment of the 4Ms (What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) based on the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's recommended care practice for an Age-Friendly Healthcare System. In partnership with UCSF, we replicated the assessment and action EHR metrics with local adaptations for each of the 4Ms at UUH.

Motif mapping during chickpea germination reveals a complex sequential activation of different proteolytic activities.

Despite the importance of grains and legumes in the human diet, little is known regarding peptide release and the temporal changes of protease activities during seed germination. LC/MS-MS peptidomic analysis of two cultivars of germinating chickpea followed by computational analyses indicated cleavage dominated by proteases with a single position preference (mainly before (P1) or after cleavage (P1'): L at P2 (cysEP-like); R or K at P1 (vignain-like), N or Q at P1 (legumain-like); and previously unidentified K, R, A and S at P1'; A at P2'). While P1 N cleavages were relatively constant, P1' K/R preferences were high in soaked garbanzo (kabuli) seeds, declined by four days, and returned at six days, but were much rarer in the brown (desi) cultivar.

Survivorship of the Stryker Ascend Flex uncemented metaphyseal bearing stem at a minimum 2- and 5-year follow-up.

Introduction: The Ascend Flex short stem implant has been reported to have good early clinical outcomes and low revision rates. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the early to mid-term radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent primary shoulder arthroplasty with this implant.

Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent primary shoulder arthroplasty with short uncemented Ascend Flex stems with a minimum of 24-month follow-up were included.

Proceedings of the United Kingdom Periprosthetic Joint Infection Meeting 2022: Fracture-Related Infection Session.

Implant-related infections represent a relatively common and significant challenge in the surgical management of musculoskeletal trauma patients. The third United Kingdom Periprosthetic Joint Infection (UK PJI) Meeting convened in Glasgow on 1 April 2022, and brought together over 180 delegates, representing orthopaedics, infectious diseases, microbiology, plastic surgery, anaesthetics, and allied health professions, including pharmacy and specialist nurses. The meeting comprised a plenary session for all delegates, and separate breakout sessions for fracture-related infection (FRI) and arthroplasty.

AutoPeptideML: a study on how to build more trustworthy peptide bioactivity predictors.

Motivation: Automated machine learning (AutoML) solutions can bridge the gap between new computational advances and their real-world applications by enabling experimental scientists to build their own custom models. We examine different steps in the development life-cycle of peptide bioactivity binary predictors and identify key steps where automation cannot only result in a more accessible method, but also more robust and interpretable evaluation leading to more trustworthy models.

Results: We present a new automated method for drawing negative peptides that achieves better balance between specificity and generalization than current alternatives.

The effects of dairy on the gut microbiome and symptoms in gastrointestinal disease cohorts: a systematic review.

Bovine dairy foods provide several essential nutrients. Fermented bovine dairy foods contain additional compounds, increasing their potential to benefit gastrointestinal health. This review explores the effects of dairy consumption on the gut microbiome and symptoms in gastrointestinal disease cohorts.

Insights into the production and evolution of lantibiotics from a computational analysis of peptides associated with the lanthipeptide cyclase domain.

Lanthipeptides are a large group of ribosomally encoded peptides cyclized by thioether and methylene bridges, which include the lantibiotics, lanthipeptides with antimicrobial activity. There are over 100 experimentally characterized lanthipeptides, with at least 25 distinct cyclization bridging patterns. We set out to understand the evolutionary dynamics and diversity of lanthipeptides.

High-fidelity, large-scale targeted profiling of microsatellites.

Microsatellites are highly mutable sequences that can serve as markers for relationships among individuals or cells within a population. The accuracy and resolution of reconstructing these relationships depends on the fidelity of microsatellite profiling and the number of microsatellites profiled. However, current methods for targeted profiling of microsatellites incur significant "stutter" artifacts that interfere with accurate genotyping, and sequencing costs preclude whole-genome microsatellite profiling of a large number of samples.

Mid to Long-Term Outcomes of Grade III-B Open Tibial Fractures Definitively Managed With a Circular Frame: A 13-Year Prospective Database Study at a Major Trauma Center.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report experience of a major trauma center utilizing circular frames as definitive fixation in patients sustaining Gustilo-Anderson 3B open tibial fractures.

Design: A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively interrogated.

Setting: Single major trauma center in the United Kingdom.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Oxidative Stress and Senescence in Mouse and Human Lung.

Background/aim: There is concern that people who had COVID-19 will develop pulmonary fibrosis. Using mouse models, we compared pulmonary inflammation following injection of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) to radiation-induced inflammation to demonstrate similarities between the two models. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) induces inflammatory cytokines and stress responses, which are also common to ionizing irradiation-induced acute pulmonary damage.

Peer education as a strategy to promote vaccine acceptance: A randomized controlled trial within New York community healthcare practices.

Background: Effective strategies are needed to improve vaccine acceptance. This study sought to determine if a peer-led vaccine education intervention embedded within community medical practices increases parental acceptance of pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccination.

Methods: From March 2022-July 2023, we conducted a randomized trial at three pediatric health practices in predominantly Hasidic Jewish neighborhoods in New York, where vaccine deferral is common.

Mesenchymal stem cells in autoimmune disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are of interest in the clinic because of their immunomodulation capabilities, capacity to act upstream of inflammation, and ability to sense metabolic environments. In standard physiologic conditions, they play a role in maintaining the homeostasis of tissues and organs; however, there is evidence that they can contribute to some autoimmune diseases. Gaining a deeper understanding of the factors that transition MSCs from their physiological function to a pathological role in their native environment, and elucidating mechanisms that reduce their therapeutic relevance in regenerative medicine, is essential.

Clinical outcome of wedged glenoid reconstruction in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritic retroverted glenoid: a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Background: Glenoid retroversion and humeral head subluxation is a progressive disorder due to abnormal force coupling and increased contact force. In situ placement of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) components in this scenario results in edge loading, progressive subluxation, and early failure. Wedged glenoid components have been demonstrated to improve glenohumeral alignment, but have not been correlated with mid-term clinical outcomes.

Multicenter comparison of Chiari malformation type I presentation in children versus adults.

Objective: Treatment for Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) often includes surgical intervention in both pediatric and adult patients. The authors sought to investigate fundamental differences between these populations by analyzing data from pediatric and adult patients who required CM-I decompression.

Methods: To better understand the presentation and surgical outcomes of both groups of patients, retrospective data from 170 adults and 153 pediatric patients (2000-2019) at six institutions were analyzed.

Genetically Engineered Probiotic Releasing IL-22 (LR-IL-22) Modifies the Tumor Microenvironment, Enabling Irradiation in Ovarian Cancer.

Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological cancer worldwide, making it crucial and of the utmost importance to establish novel therapeutic strategies. Adjuvant radiotherapy has been assessed historically, but its use was limited by intestinal toxicity. We recently established the role of in releasing IL-22 (LR-IL-22) as an effective radiation mitigator, and we have now assessed its effect in an ovarian cancer mouse model.

Guanine-containing ssDNA and RNA induce dimeric and tetrameric structural forms of SAMHD1.

The dNTPase activity of tetrameric SAM and HD domain containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1 (SAMHD1) plays a critical role in cellular dNTP regulation. SAMHD1 also associates with stalled DNA replication forks, DNA repair foci, ssRNA and telomeres. The above functions require nucleic acid binding by SAMHD1, which may be modulated by its oligomeric state.

Cell-Penetrating Milk-Derived Peptides with a Non-Inflammatory Profile.

Milk-derived peptides are known to confer anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesised that milk-derived cell-penetrating peptides might modulate inflammation in useful ways. Using computational techniques, we identified and synthesised peptides from the milk protein Alpha-S1-casein that were predicted to be cell-penetrating using a machine learning predictor.

Rehabilitation: Neurogenic Bone Loss after Spinal Cord Injury.

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder which can severely limit one's ability to complete daily tasks due to the increased risk of bone fractures, reducing quality of life. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can also result in osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Most individuals experience sarcopenia and osteoporosis due to advancing age; however, individuals with SCI experience more rapid and debilitating levels of muscle and bone loss due to neurogenic factors, musculoskeletal disuse, and cellular/molecular events.

Demographic reporting and language exclusion in gynecologic oncology clinical trials.

Background: Participation in clinical trials may help mitigate disparate cancer outcomes. Thus, ensuring equitable access to clinical trials is a major priority for national cancer organizations.

Objective: This study aimed to examine clinical trial eligibility criteria that may adversely affect the enrollment of underrepresented groups and assess the availability of demographic information in published gynecologic oncology studies.

Inhibition of tyrosine kinase Fgr prevents radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF).

Cellular senescence is involved in the development of pulmonary fibrosis as well as in lung tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, a strategy of removal of senescent cells by senolytic drugs may not produce the desired therapeutic result. Previously we reported that tyrosine kinase Fgr is upregulated in ionizing irradiation-induced senescent cells.

Guanine-containing ssDNA and RNA induce dimeric and tetrameric SAMHD1 in cryo-EM and binding studies.

The dNTPase activity of tetrameric SAM and HD domain containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1 (SAMHD1) plays a critical role in cellular dNTP regulation. SAMHD1 also associates with stalled DNA replication forks, DNA repair foci, ssRNA, and telomeres. The above functions require nucleic acid binding by SAMHD1, which may be modulated by its oligomeric state.

Proceedings of the United Kingdom Periprosthetic Joint Infection Meeting 2022: Combined and Arthroplasty Sessions.

Considerable variation in practice exists in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), which is a devastating complication for patients and surgeons. The consensus principle has been increasingly embraced by the orthopaedic community to help guide practice, especially where high-level evidence remains unavailable. The third United Kingdom Periprosthetic Joint Infection (UK PJI) Meeting was held in Glasgow on April 1, 2022, with more than 180 delegates in attendance, representing orthopaedics, microbiology, infectious diseases, plastic surgery, anesthetics, and allied health professions, including pharmacy and arthroplasty nurses.