[An electron microscopic study of the effector link in immune reactions in stomach cancer].

21 surgically removed gastric carcinomas of different histologic structure and stage of development were studied ultrastructurally. A variety of morphological manifestations of local immune reactions and nonspecific antitumour resistance were observed. These manifestations were characterized by the contacts of lymphocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, plasma cells with each other and with tumour cells and by the presence of variable changes in tumour cells.

[An improvement in the accuracy of determining the titer of staphylococcal alpha-antitoxin].

The modification of the titration technique involves addition (in microvolumes) of various solvent quantities to equal blood serum volumes, followed by levelling of liquid volumes, and then addition of equal toxin doses. Serum dilutions: No. 1 - 1: 0.

[Cytogenetic effects in native populations of Crepis tectorum exposed to chronic irradiation in the vicinity of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station. Induction of chromosome aberrations during the first 2 years following the accident].

During the first year after the accident the maximum frequency of Crepis tectorum cells with chromosome aberrations amounted to 10.2 to 15.3% at a dose-rate of 5-10 mR/h (gamma-radiation), cells with multiple aberrations being rather frequent.

[The cytogenetic effect of chronic irradiation revealed using an analysis of the first two mitoses in the root meristem of germinating seeds of Crepis tectorum from the 30-kilometer zone of the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station].

Peculiarities of the appearance of C. tectorum rootlet in the course of seed germination have prompted the authors to use the method of continuous germination of seeds in 0.01% colchicine solution and to analyze chromosome aberrations in the first tetraploid cells derived from early dividing cells.

[Genetic effects in mice exposed to the 10-km area around the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station].

Mice (CBAxC57BL) F of both sexes were exposed within the 10 km zone of Chernobyl nuclear power station. Genetic damage of phone chronic effect of increased radiation in exposed adult mice and in the course of embryogenesis was studied. The total absorbed radiation doses in testes varied from 1.

[The treatment of hypertension patients with neurological disorders].

The authors describe the efficiency of complex treatment of patients suffering of hypertensive disease with phenomena of dyscirculatory encephalopathy. It is concluded that cavinton and pyracetam depending on the type of central hemodynamics and type of vegetative nervous activity proved effective.

[Genetic disorders in laboratory mice exposed in the area of the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Laboratory male mice (CBA X C57Bl)F1 were exposed in three sectors with different contamination degree of radionuclides within 30 km-zone of the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant. The total absorbed radiation doses in testes were 0.1; 3 and 25 Gy, respectively.

[Reciprocal translocations in mice found in the vicinity of the Chernobyl nuclear power station].

A study was made of the incidence of genetic damage to germ cells of male mice taken from or exposed within the thirty-kilometer zone of Chernobyl, the contaminated no-man's-land around the reactor that failed. At all contamination levels mouse spermatocytes exhibited reciprocal translocations, a relatively low frequency of which increased with increasing dose rate. Heterozygotes, with respect to reciprocal translocations (5%), were found among males exposed to enhanced radiation background as early embryos.

[Folic acid in the combined treatment of patients with disseminated sclerosis and chronic gastritis].

Folic acid was used for the complex treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis. The doses employed were 200-300 mcg daily. It was established that folic acid improved the reparative processes in the gastric mucosa and produced a pronounced therapeutic effect on the neurological status of the patients, favoured improvement of their general condition.

[Genetic damage in domestic mice inhabiting in the areas with elevated background radiation].

Genetic effects of irradiation in males of wild house mice which were caught in the region of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station were studied. The dose rate on the ground surface varied from 0.04 to 200 mR/h of gamma-irradiation.

[Restructuring of health education and promotion of healthy life style].

The article provides up-to-date information on the restructuring of the whole system of hygienic education and healthy lifestyle promotion among different groups of population. The ways of reorganizing the existing system of health education in the country are provided along with the complex approach to the solution of the problem of healthy lifestyle formation.

[Possibilities for predicting infectious complications after surgery of patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis].

Examined were 92 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis, who were admitted to the hospital for the elective operative intervention. In these patients before the operation, T-lymphocytopenia, reduction of the helpers/suppressors index, number of the theophylline-resistant lymphocytes, IgA level in the blood serum, increase of the CIC number were noted.

[Arachidonic acid metabolism in the neutrophilic granulocytes in lymphogranulomatosis].

Metabolism of arachidonic acid in neutrophils was studied in vitro in blood samples obtained from 36 patients with Hodgkin's disease of various stage and histology and 32 healthy donors. The basic metabolites were: leucotriene B4, such products of its omega-oxidation as 20-hydroxy-leucotriene B4 (20-OH-LTB4) and 20-carboxy-leucotriene B4 (20-COOH-LTB4), and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid. Their profile proved identical in patients with Hodgkin's disease and healthy donors.

[Blood thymus hormone content in different types of neoplastic process and its changes as a result of chemotherapy and surgical removal of tumors].

Levels of thymic hormones in blood serum were found to decrease during the development of Guerin's carcinoma, methylcholanthrene- and DMBA-induced carcinogenesis, soft tissue sarcomas, mammary cancer, in children with tumors of the urinary-genital tract, that evidences for the suppression of the thymic endocrine function in neoplastic processes. A decrease in the level of substances, active in the test under study is not revealed in patients with different forms of leukemias. The tumour elimination normalizes the thymic endocrine function, while multiagent chemotherapy increases the insufficiency.

[Activity of the enzymes of DNA metabolism in the blood of patients with breast cancer].

Age-related changes in the activity of thymidine- and adenosine-metabolizing enzymes were studied in healthy females and those with breast cancer aged 46-70 years. A significant increase in activity of thymidine kinase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase and a decrease in that of thymidine phosphorylase were registered in blood serum of breast cancer patients of all age brackets. Adenosine deaminase activity in blood serum and lymphocytes of breast cancer patients was found to significantly change after surgery.

[Fatty acid composition of phospholipids of erythrocyte membranes and risk of breast cancer].

Five fatty acids, two saturated--palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), and three unsaturated--oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) and arachidonic (C20:4) were assayed in red cell membranes of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. No significant difference in the levels of saturated fatty acids was established between the two groups, although mean values were somewhat lower in cancer patients. Mean levels of unsaturated fatty acids were also lower in breast cancer patients, with the difference being significant for arachidonic acid in postmenopausal women.

Repair of radiation induced DNA damages in unicellular green algae.

Two cell repair systems--photoreactivation and repair of single-strand DNA breaks have been studied using unicellular green algae as a test-system. Effects of the genotype and the intensity of pico/second UV-laser irradiation on the degree of the photoreactivation have been investigated. It has been shown that the lower intensity (I = 8.

[Preparation and properties of prostaglandin D2 labelled with tritium with high molar radioactivity].

Kinetic parameters of enzymatic and non-enzymatic transformations of [3H]prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) were determined; the maximum yield of [3H]PGD2 being obtained at the keobs/koobs ratio equal to 10. The two-stage enzymatic synthesis of [3H]PGD2 with high molar radioactivity (3.15 TBq/mmol) from [3H]arachidonic acid carried out.

Evaluation of the genetic effects of 238Pu incorporated into mice.

The genetic effects of 238Pu incorporated into male mice were estimated by several tests. The activity of the administered 238Pu nitrate varied from 7 to 1850 Bq/g of body weight. The average alpha-radiation dose absorbed in the testes ranged from 2 to 96 cGy, with a dose rate of 0.

Genetic effects of 131I in reproductive cells of male mice.

A study was made of the frequencies of dominant lethal mutations (DLM) in pre- and post-meiotic germ cells, reciprocal translocations (RT) in spermatogonia and abnormal sperm heads (ASH) induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of Na131I with an activity of 1.48-740 kBq/g to male mice. The frequency of DLM was shown to increase only when postmeiotic cells were exposed to the radionuclide.