Overlooking the Obvious: Communication of Efficacy by the Mass Media During the Ebola Crisis in Liberia.

The role of mass media during a public health crisis is an ineluctable part of providing the public with critical information rapidly, particularly messages about self- and response efficacy. However, little is known about the role local news media play in disseminating efficacy information during infectious disease outbreaks. Here, we use the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Liberia as a case to explore this question.

Immunotherapy in gastroesophageal cancers: Current state and future directions.

While gastroesophageal (GE) cancers are one of the most common cancers worldwide, unfortunately, the mortality remains high. Commonly used treatment options include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy, which improve survival only minimally; thus, affirming the dire need for exploring alternative strategies to improve patient outcomes. Immunotherapy, which has revolutionized the world of oncology, has somewhat lagged behind in GE malignancies.

Assessment of Oral Health-related Quality of Life among Expatriate Working Population, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: The expatriate workers (foreign workers) come from various countries having different languages, cultures, and tradition to work in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA); here they adopt to local customs, traditions, and work ethics in this new environment. How they perceive their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is important for health-care provider for understanding and planning in patient management. The data of expat workers and their OHRQoL in KSA are meager; hence, assessment of OHRQoL among expatriate working population in Al Zulfi, Saudi Arabia was planned.

Isolated papillary muscle rupture with nonobstructive coronary artery disease, minimal myocardial infarction, and normal wall motion.

Papillary muscle (PM) rupture can usually complicate inferior or posterior myocardial infarctions, but selective PM infarction is extremely rare, and the exact underlying pathophysiological mechanism is not entirely clear. We present a case of PM rupture due to isolated PM infarction in a patient with unobstructed coronary arteries, which could be misdiagnosed as a vegetation or other mass given the absence of regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs) on transthoracic echocardiogram. Our case highlights that in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and associated mitral valve mass, the absence of RWMAs should not exclude ischemic PM rupture from differential diagnosis.

Can post-treatment free PSA ratio be used to predict adverse outcomes in recurrent prostate cancer?

Objectives: To assess whether free PSA ratio (FPSAR) at biochemical recurrence (BCR) can predict metastasis, castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and cancer-specific survival (CSS), following therapy for localised disease.

Patients And Methods: A single-centre retrospective cohort study (NCT03927287) including a discovery cohort composed of patients with an FPSAR after radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT) between 2000 and 2017. For validation, an independent Biobank cohort of patients with BCR after RP was tested.

Commercial determinants of health: an ethical exploration.

Objectives: This paper seeks to contribute toward a better understanding of commercial determinants of health by proposing a set of ethical principles that can be used by researchers and other health actors in understanding and addressing Commercial Determinants of Health (CDoH).

Methods: The paper is mainly based on a systematic review and qualitative analysis of the existing literature on CDoH and public health ethics frameworks. We conducted searches using selected search engines (Google Scholar and Pubmed).

Social Media Perceptions of Surgical Cancer Care in the Era of COVID-19: A Global Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The rapid dissemination of information through social media renders a profound lens to evaluate perceptions of emerging topics, especially in the context of a global pandemic. The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to elucidate trends on social media in the setting of surgical cancer care affected by the COVID-19 pandemic across the globe.

Methods: A public search of Twitter from April 1 to 30, 2020, was conducted, which yielded 996 posts related to COVID-19 and cancer.

Ultrasound-histopathologic features of the utero-placental interface in placenta accreta spectrum.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between utero-placental vascular changes on ultrasound imaging and histopathologic findings according to the grade of villous invasion in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Methods: The ultrasound features of 31 patients with singleton pregnancies diagnosed prenatally with low-lying/placenta previa accreta were compared with histopathology findings following caesarean hysterectomy (n = 25) or partial myometrial resection (n = 6). The number and degree of transformation of arteries within the superficial layer of myometrium were recorded.

Review on the Recent Advances on Typhoid Vaccine Development and Challenges Ahead.

Control of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi), the agent of typhoid fever, continues to be a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. The major transmission route of S.

Treatment of cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage utilizing the Comaneci device.

Delayed cerebral ischemia due to vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage continues to have high morbidity and mortality despite current treatments. This report highlights the use of the Comaneci (Rapid Medical, Yokneam, Israel), a device FDA approved for temporary coil embolization assistance, for the treatment of symptomatic vasospasm. Ten days post subarachnoid hemorrhage, a patient developed acute left-sided hemiparesis with angiographic vasospasm.

Inhibition of central activation of the diaphragm: a mechanism of weaning failure.

During a T-tube trial following disconnection of mechanical ventilation, patients failing the trial do not develop contractile diaphragmatic fatigue despite increases in inspiratory pressure output. Studies in volunteers, patients, and animals raise the possibility of spinal and supraspinal reflex mechanisms that inhibit central-neural output under loaded conditions. We hypothesized that diaphragmatic recruitment is submaximal at the end of a failed weaning trial despite concurrent respiratory distress.

Diagnostic Approach for Stroke Etiology in Takayasu Arteritis.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare inflammatory arteritis that is usually affecting young women and causes ischemic changes in the vessel wall. In this report of TA leading to an acute ischemic stroke, we describe a treatment-resistant case, with short interval flares and the challenge of defining the stroke etiology as a large vessel occlusive disease vs. an arteritis flare.

Transnational determinants of health for Central American migrants to the U.S.: Results of a qualitative study.

While some research on health determinants for immigrant/refugee populations has considered migration itself as a health determinant, much of this research employs constructs that focus on factors such as language, acculturation, norms, behaviours, beliefs, and social support, in a manner analogous to health risk factors for domestic U.S. populations.

Solid-State Donor-Acceptor Coaxial Heterojunction Nanowires via Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly.

The creation of organic heterojunctions from conjugated polymers on the nanoscale has attracted recent attention as a consequence of their considerable potential in optoelectronic devices. Herein, we report proof-of-concept results on a versatile synthetic strategy to access various linearly segmented nanowire heterojunctions with controlled dimensions using the seeded growth "living crystallization-driven self-assembly" method followed by a secondary crystallization step. Specifically, we describe the creation of coaxial and also segmented coaxial B-A-B and A-B-A nanowires with a solvophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) corona, an inner crystalline core that consists of poly(di--hexylfluorene) (PDHF), which functions as a donor, and an outer crystalline core of poly(3-(2'-ethylhexyl)thiophene) (P3EHT), which acts as an acceptor.

Understanding the Electrical Transport-Structure Relationship and Photovoltaic Properties of a [Succinonitrile-Ionic Liquid]-LiI-I Redox Electrolyte.

The properties of succinonitrile-based electrolytes can be enhanced by the addition of an ionic liquid (IL). Here, we have reported the relationship between the electrical transport properties and the structure of a new [(1 - )succinonitrile:IL]-LiI-I electrolyte, where the mole fraction () of the IL (1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium iodide) was varied from 0 to 40%. Compositional variation revealed the optimum conducting electrolyte (OCE) at = 10 mol %, possessing an electrical conductivity (σ) of ∼7.

Review of Web-Based Toolkits for Health Care Practitioners Working With Women and Girls Affected by or at Risk of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting.

Increased migration has given rise to more advocacy efforts against female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C), legislation that criminalizes the practice, and guidance to the health sector for managing care of affected groups. More women and girls who have been cut or who are at risk of FGM/C are migrating from regions where it is common to countries where it is not and interacting with health professionals and other community practitioners in these host countries. Despite numerous studies on the negative health impacts of FGM/C, little is known about toolkits on FGM/C that providers can use in their prevention and response efforts.

Coincident remission of ankylosing spondylitis after autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis is an autoimmune disease with chronic inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints that is commonly treated with immunosuppressants including disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy.

Case Report: A 75-year-old female with active ankylosing spondylitis on treatment with etanercept was referred to us for newly diagnosed IgG kappa free light chain multiple myeloma. After failing induction with revlimid, bortezomib, and dexamethasone, she was initiated on carfilzomib.

Impact of Body Mass Index on Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Cross-sectional Study in a Pakistani Population.

Background:  The prevalence of obesity is on the rise globally. Pakistan ranks ninth out of 188 countries in terms of obesity. Literature regarding any potential role of obesity in gastrointestinal manifestations is limited.

Assessing Self-Perceived Interprofessional Collaborative Competency on Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences Through Interprofessional Simulations.

To implement and assess the impact of Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students participating in a required interprofessional (IP) simulation during an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE). Fourth-year PharmD students completing APPEs were required to participate in one of three IP simulations during the 2016-2017 academic year to improve their interprofessional teamwork and collaboration skills. Pharmacy student self-perception of IP competence was measured by the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS), administered in a retrospective pre-/post-test design.

Outcome of Heart Disease in Syrian Refugee Children: Insights into Crisis.

Background: There are many challenges facing Syrian refugee children with heart disease. In this report, we present the spectrum, management, and outcome of heart disease in Syrian refugee children over six-year period, highlighting challenges in management and availability of funding.

Methods: Data on Syrian refugee children with heart disease diagnosed between 2012 and 2017 were collected.

Effects of Life style factors on the symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease: A cross sectional study in a Pakistani population.

Background &objective: Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) broadly includes the whole spectrum of reflux disease symptoms like heartburn or acid regurgitation to endoscopic, reflux esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus. Our aim therefore was to study the association between Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and various lifestyle factors.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the outpatient department of Darul Sehat Hospital, Zubaida Medical Center and Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan from January 2018 to October 2018.

High variability of tibial slope measurement methods in daily clinical practice: Comparisons between measurements on lateral radiograph, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography.

Background: Tibial slope measurements are important in guiding clinical decisions in the field of orthopedic surgery. However, there are multiple techniques across different medical imaging modalities and little is known about its impact on result and validity of the measurement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare tibial slope measurements from lateral radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans in order to better assess the clinical significance of measured tibial slope values.