Clinical symptoms of the prodromal stage preceding serious mental illness in Taiwanese young adults: a qualitative study.

Background: Serious mental illnesses significantly contribute to the global health burden. The prodromal stage, marked by subclinical symptoms that impair daily functioning but do not meet full diagnostic criteria, often precedes the onset of serious mental illness. This stage can vary across regions, cultures, and demographics.

A novel corneal indentation device for comparison of corneal tangent modulus before and after FS-LASIK in vivo.

Background: Corneal refractive laser surgery is widely used to correct myopia and astigmatism due to its safety and effectiveness. However, postoperative changes in corneal biomechanics, such as corneal ectasia, can occur, necessitating a deeper understanding of these changes. Finite Element Analysis has shown promise in predicting surgical outcomes based on corneal biomechanics.

Time Allocation to Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour and Its Impact on Sarcopenia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity and sarcopenia in older adults, and to analyse the effect of reallocating time between different intensities of activities on sarcopenia.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, data were synthesised using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via Cochran's Q test and the I statistic.

Single versus multiple fraction stereotactic spine radiosurgery for spinal metastases: a prospective randomized phase II trial.

Background Context: Stereotactic spine radiosurgery (SSRS) shows potentials of better tumor and pain control for limited spinal metastases. However, the optimal schedule of SSRS is not well established and has never been investigated in a prospective randomized trial.

Purpose: To compare 2 SSRS schedules to determine which results in the lowest rate of grade 3 or higher protocol-specified adverse events at 4 months.

[Development and validation of a risk prediction model for early postoperative high intraocular pressure after implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens].

To develop and validate a predictive model for assessing the risk of early postoperative high intraocular pressure (HIOP) following posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The clinical data of patients who underwent posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine between May 2023 and April 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into a modeling group and a validation group with a 7∶3 ratio using computerized random allocation.

Liquid-based encapsulation for implantable bioelectronics across broad pH environments.

Wearable and implantable bioelectronics that can interface for extended periods with highly mobile organs and tissues across a broad pH range would be useful for various applications in basic biomedical research and clinical medicine. The encapsulation of these systems, however, presents a major challenge, as such devices require superior barrier performance against water and ion penetration in challenging pH environments while also maintaining flexibility and stretchability to match the physical properties of the surrounding tissue. Current encapsulation materials are often limited to near-neutral pH conditions, restricting their application range.

The impact of age on comparative diagnostic accuracy of temporal artery thermometers and non-contact infrared thermometers for fever detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-invasive temporal artery thermometers (TATs) and non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs) are increasingly used in community settings to measure body temperature. Existing research predominantly focuses on pediatric populations, yet the accuracy and precision of TATs and NCITs for fever screening across age groups remain unclear. This study aims to assess age-related differences in the diagnostic accuracy of TATs and NCITs for fever detection.

Tuberculosis Caused by Isoniazid-Resistant Strain Was Transmitted from a Woman Undergoing IVFET to Her Fetus by Intrauterine: A Case Report.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) among women and infants during the perinatal period is not rare, particularly in countries with a high TB burden. And the risk would increase significantly following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVFET). Worse still, TB in this stage is apt to develop into severe forms in women and neonates, such as disseminated TB or tuberculous meningitis (TBM).

A multi-objective optimal control approach to motor strategy changes in older people with mild cognitive impairment during obstacle crossing.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may lead to difficulty maintaining postural stability and balance during locomotion. This heightened susceptibility to falls is particularly evident during tasks such as obstacle negotiation, which demands efficient motor planning and reallocation of attentional resources. This study proposed a multi-objective optimal control (MOOC) technique to assess the changes in motor control strategies during obstacle negotiation in older people affected by amnestic MCI.

A retrospective survey on the effectiveness of vaccines administered to individuals in China with regard to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines, Ad5-nCoV and/or aerosolized Ad5-nCoV.

We administered a questionnaire to participants who received different vaccination regimens to evaluate the effectiveness of Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccines. The results showed that administration of intramuscular Ad5-nCoV provided 21.32% more protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than that of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in people who had received only one type of COVID-19 vaccine.

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Academic Resilience Scale-30 (C-ARS-30) in college students.

Background: Amidst the expansion of student enrollment in higher education, the well-being and retention rates of students have emerged as important concerns. Resilience, especially academic resilience, a multidimensional construct that can lead to academic success in adversity, is pivotal in enabling students to successfully cope with academic challenges. While the Academic Resilience Scale-30 (ARS-30) has been validated as an effective instrument in various languages, its applicability for Chinese students in higher education remains unexplored.

Tough and Elastic Cellulose Composite Hydrogels/Films for Flexible Wearable Sensors.

Cellulose and its composites, despite being abundant and sustainable, are typically brittle with very low flexibility/stretchability. This study reports a solution processing method to prepare porous, amorphous, and elastic cellulose hydrogels and films. Native cellulose dissolved in a water-ZnCl mixture can form ionic gels through in situ polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) to poly(acrylic acid) (PAA).

Effect of a Web-Based Integrative Support Intervention to Improve Family Caregiver Positive Caregiving Experience and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Cancer caregivers experience significant stress due to their multifaceted role. Current support methods are limited by unidimensional assessments.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate a Web-based support system aimed at reducing caregiver stress and anxiety, and improving resilience, vigilance, and quality of life, using both subjective and objective measures.

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase as a metabolic valve advances Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum phyllosphere colonization and plant growth.

The proficiency of phyllosphere microbiomes in efficiently utilizing plant-provided nutrients is pivotal for their successful colonization of plants. The methylotrophic capabilities of Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum play a crucial role in this process. However, the precise mechanisms facilitating efficient colonization remain elusive.

Preliminary evidence for therapeutic impact of intravesical glucosamine on protamine sulfate and potassium chloride-induced bladder overactivity in rat model.

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of intravesical glucosamine in treating overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: Ninety-two female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 4 groups i.e.

Psychological factors associated with exercise self-efficacy in the recipients of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.

Background: Insufficient exercise affects the health of patients who have implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between exercise self-efficacy (ESE) and its associated psychological factors in ICD recipients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included individuals who had undergone ICD implantation at the cardiology department of a medical centre in Taiwan.

Efficacy and safety of Yangxinshi tablet for chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The specific benefits of Yangxinshi tablet (YXST) in the treating chronic heart failure (CHF) remain uncertain.

Aim: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of YXST in the treatment of CHF.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating YXST for CHF treatment were retrieved from eight public databases up to November 2023.

Antitumour effects of artesunate via cell cycle checkpoint controls in human oesophageal squamous carcinoma cells.

Artesunate (ART), an effective antimalarial semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, exhibits antitumour properties, but the mechanism(s) involved remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the antitumour effects of ART on human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. Treatment of ESCC cell lines with ART resulted in the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induced DNA damage, reduced cell proliferation and inhibited clonogenicity via G1-S cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in vitro.

[Chaihu Sanshen Capsules protect rats from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via PKCβⅡ/NOX2/ROS signaling pathway].

This study aims to explore the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury(MIRI) based on oxidative stress-mediated programmed cell death and the mechanism and targets of Chaihu Sanshen Capsules in treating MIRI via the protein kinase Cβ(PKCβⅡ)/NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2)/reactive oxygen species(ROS) signaling pathway. The rat model of MIRI was established by the ligation of the left anterior descending branch. Rats were randomized into 6 groups: sham group, model group, clinically equivalent-, high-dose Chaihu Sanshen Capsules groups, N-acetylcysteine group, and CGP53353 group.

Latent profiles of academic resilience in undergraduate nursing students and their association with resilience and self-efficacy.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of academic resilience among nursing students using latent profile analysis and its associated influencing factors.

Background: Nursing students experience higher levels of stress compared to their peers in other professions, and the cultivation of academic resilience plays a pivotal role in their ability to effectively cope with this stress. Academic resilience not only facilitates success in the face of academic adversity but also contributes to the promotion of mental well-being among nursing students.

A nursing report on a corneal contact lens wearer receiving keratoplasty due to corneal ulcer and perforation caused by Pythium insidiosum infection: A case report.

Background: To report the nursing experience of a case of corneal contact lens wearer receiving the 2nd keratoplasty due to corneal ulcer and perforation caused by Pythium insidiosum infection.

Methods: A 30-year-old female patient had blurred vision after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for a right corneal ulcer. At the 5th week, the right eye appeared the symptoms, such as redness and pain.