New spirometry recommendations from the Brazilian Thoracic Association - 2024 update.

The latest pulmonary function guideline from the Brazilian Thoracic Association was published in 2002, since which there have been updates to international guidelines (mainly those from the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society), as well as new national and international publications on various aspects of the performance, interpretation, and clinical implications of spirometry. Despite those updates, a careful analysis of what applies to the reality in Brazil is essential, because there have been studies that evaluated individuals who are representative of our population and who could show responses different from those of individuals in other regions of the world. This document is the result of the work of a group of specialists in pulmonary function who evaluated relevant scientific articles that could be applicable to the population of Brazil.

A comparative study of two data-driven modeling approaches to predict drug release from ER matrix tablets.

The pharmaceutical industry is striving to develop innovative and promising tools, increasingly embracing new data-driven approaches, to understand, improve and accelerate the drug product development process. While extended release (ER) oral formulations offer a number of advantages, including maintenance of therapeutic drug levels, a reduction in dosing frequency, and minimization of side effects, achieving consistent drug release profiles remains a significant challenge. As a critical attribute for drug absorption into systemic circulation, in vitro dissolution testing represents a time-consuming and complex method for the evaluation of such formulations.

Updated document on the management of functional dyspepsia by the Asociación Española de Neurogastroenterologia y Motilidad (ASENEM) and Sociedad Española de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria (semFYC).

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a gut-brain axis disorder characterized by postprandial fullness, early satiety, bloating and/or epigastric pain, which are presumed to originate in the gastroduodenal tract. While the international recommendations in the Rome IV consensus require endoscopy to rule out an organic condition before establishing a diagnosis of FD, international guidelines recommend that, in the absence of risk factors, patient management be initiated at the primary care level by establishing Helicobacter pylori infection status, with eradication when positive, followed by empiric therapy with proton pump inhibitors and/or prokinetics, and that endoscopy be reserved for patients refractory to said measures. Second-line therapy includes neuromodulating agents, among which tricyclic antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics such as levosulpiride stand out.

Prospective evaluation of opioid cessation in patients with suspected Opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction (OIED).

Introduction: The causal relationship between chronic opioid use and esophageal motor dysfunction in symptomatic patients has not been established.

Methods: A prospective before-and-after multicenter study, including chronic active opioid patients referred for esophageal motility tests due to non-obstructive dysphagia.

Results: 37 patients were evaluated, 27 (73%) had criteria of opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction (OIED).

Maternal touch in object- and nonobject-oriented play interactions: A longitudinal study at 7 and 12 months.

Social touch is a crucial part of how mothers interact with their infants, with different touch types serving distinct purposes in these exchanges. However, there is still a limited understanding of how mothers' touch behavior adapts to specific interactive tasks, particularly throughout infancy. To address this gap, we observed mother-infant dyads at 7 and 12 months during three structured social play tasks: (a) play with objects, (b) play without objects, and (c) play with a difficult object.

Hydroxyapatite-coated total primary hip replacement: 28-year follow-up survivorship.

Background: Survival at 25 years' follow-up for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been reported at 5%-77%, with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, due to its osteo-conductive properties, used to enhance implant fixation and survival. The progressive increase in life expectancy raises doubts regarding HA-coated THA survival and THA revision surgery risk. The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyse survival for primary uncemented fully HA-coated THA after 28 years' follow-up.

European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting-A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management.

Introduction: Chronic nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a wide range of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal conditions. Diagnosis can be challenging and requires a systematic and well-structured approach. If the initial investigation for structural, toxic and metabolic disorders is negative, digestive motility and gut-brain interaction disorders should be assessed.

Evaluation of Perceived Competence and Satisfaction in Neurogastroenterology and Motility Training During the Gastroenterology Fellowship in Spain.

Introduction: We evaluated the level of achievement of the published recommendations of the European and American neurogastroenterology and motility (NGM) Societies, on the competence in managing NGM disorders in a European Country with regulated gastroenterology training program.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide survey to gastroenterologists in Spain. Information regarding demographics, training center characteristics, NGM training, self-reported interest, satisfaction with the Tier 1 skills recommended by the ANMS-ESNM, and perceived competence in the diagnosis and management of diseases in the spectrum of NGM was obtained.

Effectiveness of cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy when compared with final prostatectomy histology.

Introduction And Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Cognitive fusion transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy is one of several modalities for diagnosing this disease. However, no existing studies have shown the clear superiority of one image-guided technique over another.

Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in 3D-Printed PLA/HA Scaffolds for Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy: An Experimental-Numerical Analysis of Thermal Behavior.

Hyperthermia is nowadays intensively investigated as a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy against different types of cancer and resistant infections. In particular, the remote generation of localized hyperthermia by magnetic field through iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) offers good thermal conductivity in a controlled area. The incorporation of these IONPs in 3D-printed scaffolds designed for bone tissue regeneration has been scarcely addressed in the literature.

Long-term outcome following multimodality treatment in a cat with recurrent laryngeal adenocarcinoma.

A 9.5-year-old male neutered domestic short-haired cat received two courses of postoperative, definitive-intent conformal radiation therapy (RT) for recurrent laryngeal adenocarcinoma (LACA). Adjuvant RT was prescribed (16 × 3.

Morbidity associated with schistosomiasis in adult population of Chókwè district, Mozambique.

Background: Mozambique is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of schistosomiasis, although there is little data on the prevalence of disease and associated morbidity in the adult population. This study aimed to describe and characterize the morbidity associated with schistosomiasis in the adult population of Chókwè district and to explore the use of anamnestic questionnaires and urine dipsticks, as well as point-of-care ultrasound for urinary related findings, to better characterize disease prevalence and morbidity.

Methodology: Between April and October 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional study embedded within the Chókwè Health Research and Training Centre.

Fractional Sobolev spaces on Riemannian manifolds.

This article studies the canonical Hilbert energy on a Riemannian manifold for , with particular focus on the case of closed manifolds. Several equivalent definitions for this energy and the fractional Laplacian on a manifold are given, and they are shown to be identical up to explicit multiplicative constants. Moreover, the precise behavior of the kernel associated with the singular integral definition of the fractional Laplacian is obtained through an in-depth study of the heat kernel on a Riemannian manifold.

Microwave-Driven Reduction Accelerates Oxygen Exchange in Perovskite Oxides.

Microwave-assisted oxide reduction has emerged as a promising method to electrify chemical looping processes for renewable hydrogen production. Moreover, these thermochemical cycles can be used for thermochemical air separation, electrifying the O generation by applying microwaves in the reduction step. This approach offers an alternative to conventional cryogenic air separation, producing pure streams of O and N.

A Phase II, Multicentric, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Proof of Concept Study of Efficacy and Safety of Rifamycin SV-MMX 600 mg Tablets Administered Three or Two Times Daily to Patients With Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Introduction: Treatment with nonresorbable antibiotics is effective in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Multimatrix (MMX) formulations ensure targeted drug delivery to the mid-distal small bowel and colon-traditionally considered the origin of IBS symptoms. To assess the efficacy of rifamycin SV-MMX for the treatment of IBS-D.

Tailoring poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) membrane microstructure for lithium-ion battery separator applications.

Novel battery separators based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene)- P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)- were produced by different processing techniques (non-solvent and thermally induced phase separation, salt leaching and electrospinning), in order to evaluate their effect on separator morphology, degree of porosity and pore size, electrochemical parameters and battery cycling behavior. It has been demonstrated that the different processing techniques have a significant influence on the morphology and mechanical properties of membranes. The degree of porosity varies between 23 % and 66 %, for membranes obtained by salt leaching and thermally induced phase separation, respectively.

Do Abdominoplasties in Patients with Prior Sleeve Gastrectomy Impact De Novo Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder and the Need for Conversion to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass?

The sleeve gastrectomy (SG) often requires conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) due to gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD). Many postbariatric patients seek body-contouring surgery such as abdominoplasty to remove unwanted skin and fat. Although the number of abdominoplasties performed in postbariatric patients is increasing each year, the number of conversion surgeries is increasing in accordance.

Role of self-criticism in postpartum mental health: a network analysis.

Purpose: A significant percentage of women experience psychopathological symptoms during the postpartum period, which can impact not only their mental health and well-being but also the relationship between mother and baby. However, studies investigating how specific psychological factors, such as self-compassion and self-criticism, contribute to the development and maintenance of these symptoms are scarce.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship among compassionate self-responding (CSR), uncompassionate self-responding (USR), maternal mental health indicators, mother-infant bonding, and the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Squeezing Out Nanoparticles from Perovskites: Controlling Exsolution with Pressure.

Nanoparticle exsolution has emerged as a versatile method to functionalize oxides with robust metallic nanoparticles for catalytic and energy applications. By modifying certain external parameters during thermal reduction (temperature, time, reducing gas), some morphological and/or compositional properties of the exsolved nanoparticles can be tuned. Here, it is shown how the application of high pressure (<100 bar H) enables the control of the exsolution of ternary FeCoNi alloyed nanoparticles from a double perovskite.