Fabrication of Cu@Ag core-shell/nafion/polyalizarin: Applications to simultaneous electrocatalytic oxidation and reduction of nitrite in water samples.

In this study, a Cu@Ag core-shell was synthesized using a co-precipitation method. To create a new electrochemical sensor, a Cu@Ag core-shell with conductive polymers such as polyalizarin yellow R (PA) and Nafion (Nf) was immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (Cu@Ag-Nf/PA/GCE). X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were employed to characterize the Cu@Ag-Nf/PA/GCE.

Monitoring and assessment of spatiotemporal soil salinization in the Lake Urmia region.

Soil salinization stands as a prominent global environmental challenge, necessitating enhanced assessment methodologies. This study is dedicated to refining soil salinity assessment in the Lake Urmia region of Iran, utilizing multi-year data spanning from 2015 to 2018. To achieve this objective, soil salinity was measured at 915 sampling points during the 2015-2018 timeframe.

Mimicking classical noise in ion channels by quantum decoherence.

The mechanism of selectivity in ion channels is still an open question in biology. Recent studies suggest that the selectivity filter may exhibit quantum coherence, which could help explain how ions are selected and conducted. However, environmental noise causes decoherence and loss of quantum effects.

A Redox-Reversible Switch of DNA Hydrogen Bonding and Structure.

Modulating molecular structure and function at the nanoscale drives innovation across wide-ranging technologies. Electrical control of the bonding of individual DNA base pairs endows DNA with precise nanoscale structural reconfigurability, benefiting efforts in DNA origami and actuation. Here, alloxazine DNA base surrogates were synthesized and incorporated into DNA duplexes to function as a redox-active switch of hydrogen bonding.

Investigation of mechanical properties, remineralization, antibacterial effect, and cellular toxicity of composite orthodontic adhesive combined with silver-containing nanostructured bioactive glass.

Background: The formation of white spots, which represent early carious lesions, is a major issue with fixed orthodontics. The addition of remineralizing agents to orthodontic adhesives may prevent the formation of white spots. The aim of this study was to produce a composite orthodontic adhesive combined with nano-bioactive glass-silver (nBG@Ag) for bracket bonding to enamel and to investigate its cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, remineralization capability, and bond strength.

Sequencing of pigeon circovirus and the first report of identification of beak and feather disease virus in clinical specimens of domestic pigeons.

An internationally recognized syndrome that leads to deaths among domestic and ornamental pigeons, particularly after racing, is young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is regarded as one of the potential factors contributing to the occurrence of YPDS. This survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of PiCV infection and molecularly characterize the PiCV in pigeons suspected of YPDS.

Using artificial intelligence to identify drugs for repurposing to treat l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.

Repurposing regulatory agency-approved molecules, with proven safety in humans, is an attractive option for developing new treatments for disease. We identified and assessed the efficacy of 3 drugs predicted by an in silico screen as having the potential to treat l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease. We analysed ∼1.

Development of Local Software for Automatic Measurement of Geometric Parameters in the Proximal Femur Using a Combination of a Deep Learning Approach and an Active Shape Model on X-ray Images.

Proximal femur geometry is an important risk factor for diagnosing and predicting hip and femur injuries. Hence, the development of an automated approach for measuring these parameters could help physicians with the early identification of hip and femur ailments. This paper presents a technique that combines the active shape model (ASM) and deep learning methodologies.

Molecular wrench activity of DNA helicases: Keys to modulation of rapid kinetics in DNA repair.

DNA helicase activity is essential for the vital DNA metabolic processes of recombination, replication, transcription, translation, and repair. Recently, an unexpected, rapid exponential ATP-stimulated DNA unwinding rate was observed from an Archaeoglobus fulgidus helicase (AfXPB) as compared to the slower conventional helicases from Sulfolobus tokodaii, StXPB1 and StXPB2. This unusual rapid activity suggests a "molecular wrench" mechanism arising from the torque applied by AfXPB on the duplex structure in transitioning from open to closed conformations.

The Promise of Regenerative Medicine in the Reconstruction of Auricular Cartilage Deformities.

There are many physiologic and psychologic challenges associated with ear cartilage deformities which are incredibly distasteful to patients, particularly children. The development of regenerative medicine (RM) sciences has opened up a new window for the reconstruction of auricular cartilage because it allows the creation of a structure similar to the auricular in appearance and function. As part of this review, we discuss the role that each RM tool, including tissue engineering, cells, and biomolecules, plays in developing engineered auricular tissue.

Phylogenetic analysis of pigeon adenovirus 1 in clinical specimens of domestic pigeons () in Iran.

An internationally identified syndrome that leads to deaths between domestic and ornamental pigeons, particularly after racing is young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). This study was conducted to determine the status of pigeon adenoviral infection and molecularly characterize the pigeon adenovirus in Ahvaz pigeons. Sixty stool samples of healthy pigeons (young pigeons and adult pigeons) and 60 stool samples of diseased pigeons (young and adults) with symptoms of lethargy, weight loss, crop stasis, vomiting and diarrhea were examined.

Comparative study of changes in the airway dimensions following the treatment of Class II malocclusion patients with the twin-block and Seifi appliances.

Background: Functional appliances are frequently used to stimulate mandibular growth in cases of Class II malocclusion with mandibular deficiency. Many studies have reported improved pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) dimensions following functional appliance therapy in children.

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess changes in the airway dimensions following the treatment of Class II malocclusion patients with the twin-block and Seifi appliances.

Trends in Epidemiology and Outcome of Small Cell Lung Cancer over 10 Years at Tertiary Cancer Care Center in Iran.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Among different lung cancer histopathologies, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been known to be the most aggressive and lethal nature. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics, outcomes, and trends of SCLC at a tertiary cancer care center in Iran.

The effect of different doses of vitamin D on the prognosis of patients undergoing carpal tunnel syndrome surgery.

Background And Objective: Vitamin D accelerates myelin repair and recovery after nerve damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the prognosis of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in the orthopedic ward of Golestan and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Ahvaz for 2 years (from October 2018 to October 2020).

Evaluation of shear bond strength and enamel remineralizing effect of experimental orthodontic composite containing nano-hydroxyapatite: An in vitro study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to prepare an orthodontic composite containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to prevent demineralization and create a suitable environment for mineral deposition around orthodontic brackets, and to investigate the mechanical and remineralizing properties of the experimental adhesive composite.

Methods: Experimental orthodontic composite were formulated using varying percentages of nano-hydroxyapatite particles. Assessments were based on four groups: a control group (3M™ Transbond™ XT) and experimental composites containing 2% (HA2), 5% (HA5) and 10% (HA10) hydroxyapatite.

Domain and cell type-specific immunolocalisation of voltage-gated potassium channels in the mouse striatum.

Diverse classes of voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are integral to the variety of electrical activity patterns that distinguish different classes of neurons in the brain. A feature of their heterogenous expression patterns is the highly precise manner in which specific cell types target their location within functionally specialised sub-cellular domains. Although Kv expression profiles in cortical brain regions are widely reported, their immunolocalisation in sub-cortical areas such as the striatum, and in associated diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), remain less well described.

MnCoO/NiCoO/rGO as a Catalyst Based on Binary Transition Metal Oxide for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction.

The demands for alternative energy have led researchers to find effective electrocatalysts in fuel cells and increase the efficiency of existing materials. This study presents new nanocatalysts based on two binary transition metal oxides (BTMOs) and their hybrid with reduced graphene oxide for methanol oxidation. Characterization of the introduced three-component composite, including cobalt manganese oxide (MnCoO), nickel cobalt oxide (NiCoO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the form of MnCoO/NiCoO/rGO (MNR), was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses.

The Use of Miniature Specimens to Determine Local Properties and Fracture Behavior of LPBF-Processed Inconel 718 in as-Deposited and Post-Treated States.

This paper summarizes the assessment of directional anisotropy in local mechanical properties for Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) IN-718 bulk samples via the use of miniature samples excised from the bulk for both as-deposited and post-treated states. The quasi-static tensile properties at room temperature are investigated at several different locations along the build direction and at different orientations for both considered states. A comparison between the excised miniature tensile specimens and standard-sized sample results have also been conducted and exhibit very good agreement.

Adenosine is released during thalamic oscillations to provide negative feedback control.

Physiological oscillations in the cortico-thalamo-cortical loop occur during processes such as sleep, but these can become dysfunctional in pathological conditions such as absence epilepsy. The purine neuromodulator adenosine can act as an endogenous anticonvulsant: it is released into the extracellular space during convulsive seizures to activate A receptors suppressing on-going activity and delaying the occurrence of the next seizure. However, the role of adenosine in thalamic physiological and epileptiform oscillations is less clear.

Quantum coherence on selectivity and transport of ion channels.

Recently, it has been suggested that ion channel selectivity filter may exhibit quantum coherence, which may be appropriate to explain ion selection and conduction processes. Potassium channels play a vital role in many physiological processes. One of their main physiological functions is the efficient and highly selective transfer of K ions through the membranes into the cells.

Evaluation of caries risk reduction following preventive programs in orthodontic patients, using Cariogram computer model: A quasi-experimental trial.

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of preventive strategies on caries risk reduction in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, using the Cariogram program.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, samples were selected using a convenience quota sampling technique, in a public dental school. At first, caries risk profile was determined for each subject using the Cariogram before brackets bonding.

Relationship between blood clots and COVID-19 vaccines: A literature review.

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is one of the most critical pandemics during human civilization. Several therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 management have been offered; nonetheless, none of them seems to be sufficiently beneficial. In effect, vaccines have been proffered as a viable option.

Comparison of Pregabalin and Ketotifen in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

This study aims to compare the efficiency of Pregabalin and Ketotifen in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Thirty HD patients were randomly divided into two groups: A (Pregabalin 50 mg three times a day) and B (Ketotifen 1 mg twice a day). Efficacy of treatment and quality of life were weekly evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Itchy Quality of life, respectively.

Syndapin-2 mediated transcytosis of amyloid-β across the blood-brain barrier.

A deficient transport of amyloid-β across the blood-brain barrier, and its diminished clearance from the brain, contribute to neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, respectively. At the blood-brain barrier, amyloid-β efflux transport is associated with the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1. However, the precise mechanisms governing amyloid-β transport across the blood-brain barrier, in health and disease, remain to be fully understood.

Bioengineering of fibroblast-conditioned polycaprolactone/gelatin electrospun scaffold for skin tissue engineering.

Background: Synthetic tissue engineering scaffolds has poor biocompatiblity with very low angiogenic properties. Conditioning the scaffolds with functional groups, coating with biological components, especially extracellular matrix (ECM), is an excellent strategy for improving their biomechanical and biological properties.

Methods: In the current study, a composite of polycaprolactone and gelatin (PCL/Gel) was electrospun in the ratio of 70/30 and surface modified with 1% gelatin-coating (G-PCL/Gel) or plasma treatment (P-PCL/Gel).