Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use and the risk of residual gastric content and aspiration in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists are used for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but safety concerns have been raised for users undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy, regarding retained food and aspiration events.

Aims: We aim to compare the risk of complications for GLP-1 users and non-users undergoing endoscopy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42024556732).

Validation guidelines for drug-target prediction methods.

Introduction: Mapping the interactions between pharmaceutical compounds and their molecular targets is a fundamental aspect of drug discovery and repurposing. Drug-target interactions are important for elucidating mechanisms of action and optimizing drug efficacy and safety profiles. Several computational methods have been developed to systematically predict drug-target interactions.

Assessment of soy leghemoglobin produced from genetically modified , under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFSA-GMO-NL-2019-162).

Genetically modified strain MXY0541 was developed to produce soy leghemoglobin by introducing the coding sequence encoding leghemoglobin from soybean (). The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not raise any safety concerns. The safety of soy leghemoglobin as a food additive has already been assessed by the EFSA FAF Panel (EFSA-Q-2022-00031).

Assessment of genetically modified maize DP51291 (application GMFF-2021-0071).

Genetically modified maize DP51291 was developed to confer control against susceptible corn rootworm pests and tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicide; these properties were achieved by introducing the and expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP51291 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for phosphorus in forage and manganese, proline, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) in grain, which do not raise safety and nutritional concerns.

The Jan Sjödin faba bean mutant collection: morphological and molecular characterization.

Background: Plant mutagenesis creates novel alleles, thereby increasing genetic and phenotypic diversity. The availability of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) reference genome and a growing set of additional genomic resources has increased the scientific and practical value of mutant collections.

Endoscopic Management of Bariatric Surgery Complications: Fistulas, Leaks, and Ulcers.

Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy being the two most common procedures. Despite the success of these interventions, adverse events are not uncommon. Endoscopic management has become first-line therapy when complications occur, and the armamentarium of devices and techniques continues to grow.

Understanding and applying biological resilience, from genes to ecosystems.

The natural world is under unprecedented and accelerating pressure. Much work on understanding resilience to local and global environmental change has, so far, focussed on ecosystems. However, understanding a system's behaviour requires knowledge of its component parts and their interactions.

Attention-based approach to predict drug-target interactions across seven target superfamilies.

Motivation: Drug-target interactions (DTIs) hold a pivotal role in drug repurposing and elucidation of drug mechanisms of action. While single-targeted drugs have demonstrated clinical success, they often exhibit limited efficacy against complex diseases, such as cancers, whose development and treatment is dependent on several biological processes. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of primary, secondary and even inactive targets becomes essential in the quest for effective and safe treatments for cancer and other indications.

Multi-model GWAS reveals key loci for horticultural traits in reconstructed garden strawberry.

The cultivated garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) has a rich history, originating from the hybridization of two wild octoploid strawberry species in the 18th century. Two-step reconstruction of Fragaria × ananassa through controlled crossings between pre-improved selections of its parental species is a promising approach for enriching the breeding germplasm of strawberry for wider adaptability. We created a population of reconstructed strawberry by hybridizing elite selections of F.

Precision phenotyping of a barley diversity set reveals distinct drought response strategies.

Plants exhibit an array of drought responses and adaptations, where the trade-off between water loss and CO uptake for growth is mediated by regulation of stomatal aperture in response to soil water content (SWC), among other factors. For crop yield stability, the question is how drought timing and response patterns relate to post-drought growth resilience and vigor. We earlier identified, in a few reference varieties of barley that differed by the SWC at which transpiration was curtailed, two divergent water use strategies: water-saving ("isohydric") and water-spending ("anisohydric").

Temperature effect on a weighted vortex spin-torque nano-oscillator for neuromorphic computing.

In this work, we present fabricated magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) that can serve as magnetic memories (MMs) or vortex spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) depending on the device geometry. We explore the heating effect on the devices to study how the performance of a neuromorphic computing system (NCS) consisting of MMs and STNOs can be enhanced by temperature. We further applied a neural network for waveform classification applications.

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy-European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on primary endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies for adults with obesity.

This joint ASGE-ESGE guideline provides an evidence-based summary and recommendations regarding the role of endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies (EBMTs) in the management of obesity. The document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. It evaluates the efficacy and safety of EBMT devices and procedures that currently have CE mark or FDA-clearance/approval, or that had been approved within five years of document development.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: the identification of the key procedural steps through a modified Delphi method.

Background: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is an innovative, minimally invasive bariatric procedure with an excellent safety and efficacy profile in adults with obesity. The purpose of the procedure is to shorten and tubularize the stomach along its greater curvature. Nevertheless, there are some heterogeneities in the approach to ESG, which will be important to address as the procedure sees increasingly widespread clinical adoption.

Efficacy and safety of long-term indwelling plastic stents after resolution of pancreatic fluid collections with endoscopic transmural drainage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) may recur after resolution with endoscopic transmural drainage (ETD) and standard stent removal (SSR). Herein, we compared the efficacy and safety of leaving long-term indwelling plastic stents (LTIS) vs. standard stent removal after PFC resolution with ETD.

Stigma, Bias, and the Shortfalls of Body Mass Index: A Reflection on the State of Weight Management.

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial chronic disease. With the development of novel endoscopic techniques and devices for the treatment of obesity, combined with expanding indications for medications, gastroenterologists are more involved in weight management than ever before. Despite the modern definition of obesity as a disease, weight bias and stigma are pervasive in the medical community and beyond.

Comparison of lumen-apposing metal stents versus endoscopic balloon dilation for the management of benign colorectal anastomotic strictures.

Background And Aims: Limited data exist evaluating lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) with endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) for the treatment of benign colorectal anastomotic strictures (BCASs). This study compares outcomes of both interventions.

Methods: Patients with left-sided BCAS treated with LAMSs versus EBD were identified retrospectively.

Use of Postoperative Opioid Therapy Following Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty.

Introduction: There are no established guidelines on periprocedural and postprocedural pain management after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG). This study aimed to determine the need for perioperative and postoperative opioid therapy in patients undergoing ESG.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised consecutive patients undergoing ESG.