Ultrafast and Controlled Capturing, Loading, and Release of Extracellular Vesicles by a Portable Microstructured Electrochemical Fluidic Device.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by all living cells and are found in body fluids. They exert numerous physiological and pathological functions and serve as cargo shuttles. Due to their safety and inherent bioactivity, they have emerged as versatile therapeutic agents, biomarkers, and potential drug carriers.

Occupational therapy interventions to improve leisure and social participation for older adults with low vision: a systematic review.

This systematic review examined evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to maintain, restore, and improve performance in leisure and social participation for older adults with low vision. We identified and reviewed 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Four themes related to interventions to improve leisure and social participation emerged from the literature review: using a problem-solving approach, delivering a combination of services, providing skills training, and making home visits and environmental adaptations.

Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of N1,N11-diethylnorspermine.

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of N1,N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSPM) is described. When administered to dogs as an intravenous bolus, DENSPM was shown to have a plasma half-life of 72.8 +/- 11.

The role of charge in polyamine analogue recognition.

A series of analogues and homologues of N1,N12-diethylspermine (DESPM) was synthesized, and their biological properties were evaluated. These tetraamines include a simple linear analogue of DESPM, N1,N12-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)spermine (FDESPM), the cyclic analogues of DESPM, N,N'-bis(4-piperidinylmethyl)-1,4-diaminobutane [PIP(4,4,4)] and N,N'-bis[2-(4-piperidinyl)ethyl]-1,4-diaminobutane [PIP(5,4,5)], and their aromatic counterparts, N,N'-bis-(4-pyridylmethyl)-1,4-diaminobutane [PYR(4,4,4)] and N,N'-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]-1,4-diaminobutane [PYR(5,4,5)]. The analogues FDESPM, PIP(4,4,4), and PYR(4,4,4) have distances between their nitrogen atoms almost identical to those of DESPM.

Preliminary studies of interstitial hyperthermia using hot water.

A hot water interstitial hyperthermia unit was used to heat normal tissue in the thighs of rabbits and pigs. A 4 x 4 array of metal needles or plastic tubes spaced at 10 or 14 mm was implanted. Temperature measurements were made using five-sensor thermocouple probes inserted parallel to the implanted needles or tubes.

[Optimization of interstitial hyperthermia systems].

After having studied the fundamental possibilities of proceedings allowing an intracorporeal transfer of energy, two systems were investigated in detail in order to achieve a wide range of application: 1. Resistance heating of tissue by modified standard needles and individual regulation of each needle (system KHS-9). 2.

[Peculiarities of intermediary metabolism in extremely premature infants].

Based on own studies with labeled amino acids on very young animals and on numerous investigations of different authors on fetuses and prematures the high turnover rate of proteins, carbohydrates and fats in VLBW is emphasized. Thereupon some particularities of ammonia metabolism and the difficulties of exact determination of amino acid requirement are discussed. The inadequate activity of some enzymes and the immaturity of the transport processes, further, the question of the essentiality of taurine and carnitine in VLBW are debated.

[Nutrition and immunology].

Since at least 350 million children on our earth suffer from severe caloric and especially protein deficiency it is of utmost importance to know its relation to host defense. In the first part of this paper the already known facts about nutrition and immune response are summarized. Especially the negative effects on the humoral and cellular immune mechanism are critically reviewed.

[Hormonal regulation of calcium metabolism and regulation of hormone secretion by Ca2+].

In a short review the spectacular discoveries in the field of the Ca-homeostasis are delineated. To begin with, the structure and function of parathyroid hormone and of calcitonin are described, whereas the influence of the tocolytica, the catecholamines and glucagon are only touched. Other short chapters deal with the energetic processes during Ca2+ efflux and influx as well as the intracellulare Ca2+-homeostasis.

[Infant feeding today. Facts, developments, feeding ideologies (author's transl)].

Since apparently the minimum requirements of all nutritive substances necessary to life are known it is necessary to establish the optimal supply of the essential nutritive elements. For infants the best nourishment is and remains the mother's milk. Since at the end of the first month of life only 10% of infants are still breast fed, the quality and quantity of "artificial foods" are of outstanding importance.

[The influence of moderate intrauterine nutrition on later physical and mental development in twins (author's transl)].

Follow-up examinations on 45 dizygotic and monozygotic twins were performed in order to establish differences in physical and mental development with regard to differences in birth-weight. The "critical" weight difference of at least 650 g could be established where mental abilities, height and head circumference scored lower in the lower birth weight group. Our findings stress the positive home environment as being responsible for the lack of differences between the two groups in the development during early childhood, of psychosocial behaviour and school performance.

[Intestinal enzymopathies of children (author's transl)].

In recent years it has been successfully demonstrated that, in relation to congenital metabolic abnormalities, every enzyme of the gastro-intestinal tract may be absent or inactive.. In serious diseases of the intestinal tract, secondary inactivation of numerous enzymes may result.

[Efficacy and tolerance of trimethoprim sulfamoxole combination in childhood (author's transl)].

CN 3123 was tested in 4 hospitals on 257 children, 218 of whom were included in the evaluation of the success of therapy. It was administered for the treatment of urinary tract infections (n = 125), bronchial infections (n = 24), intestinal infections (n = 25) and ENT infections (n = 37). The results indicated that, with a failure rate of only 7%, the drug was successfully employed.