Comprehensive functional evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with BH3-profiling demonstrates apoptotic competency and therapeutic efficacy of BH3-mimetics.

Evasion of apoptosis promotes tumor survival and contributes to resistance to cancer therapeutics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Our recent work has demonstrated that HNSCC's highly express pro-survival anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Nevertheless, the mechanism of HNSCC to evade apoptosis is still not well understood.

In response to bacteria, neutrophils release extracellular vesicles capable of initiating thrombin generation through DNA-dependent and independent pathways.

Neutrophils release extracellular vesicles, and some subsets of neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles are procoagulant. In response to Staphylococcus aureus, neutrophils produce extracellular vesicles that associate electrostatically with neutrophil extracellular traps. DNA in neutrophil extracellular traps is procoagulant, but whether neutrophil extracellular vesicles produced during bacterial challenge have similar activity is unknown.

Early, precise, and safe clinical evaluation of the pharmacodynamic effects of novel agents in the intact human tumor microenvironment.

Drug development is systemically inefficient. Research and development costs for novel therapeutics average hundreds of millions to billions of dollars, with the overall likelihood of approval estimated to be as low as 6.7% for oncology drugs.

Characterization of a Diverse Set of Conditionally Reprogrammed Head and Neck Cancer Cell Cultures.

Objective: To establish and characterize a diverse library of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) cultures using conditional reprogramming (CR).

Methods: Patients enrolled on an IRB-approved protocol to generate tumor cell cultures using CR methods. Tumor and blood samples were collected and clinical information was recorded.

The impact of psychedelics on patients with alcohol use disorder: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objectives: Critique the available systematic review and de novo assessment of the role of psychedelics in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed was completed from 1960 to 9/9/2023. We pooled randomized controlled trials comparing psychedelics to control therapy for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

Value of Adherence to Posttreatment Follow-Up Guidelines for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: The utility of intensive posttreatment surveillance of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been debated. The objective is to investigate adherence to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) posttreatment follow-up guidelines and assess the association with recurrence and survival.

Methods: A total of 452 patients diagnosed with HNSCC at an academic medical center in a socioeconomically disadvantaged, urban setting were categorized by adherence to NCCN follow-up guidelines.

Establishment of a diverse head and neck squamous cancer cell bank using conditional reprogramming culture methods.

Most laboratory models of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) rely on established immortalized cell lines, which carry inherent bias due to selection and clonality. We established a robust panel of HNSCC tumor cultures using a "conditional reprogramming" (CR) method, which utilizes a rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632) and co-culture with irradiated fibroblast (J2 strain) feeder cells to support indefinite tumor cell survival. Sixteen CR cultures were successfully generated from 19 consecutively enrolled ethnically and racially diverse patients with HNSCC at a tertiary care center in the Bronx, NY.

The surgical airway in the COVID-19 era.

The aim is to summarize the guidelines for tracheostomy management during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a comparative study analysis and literature review using articles found in the PubMed/MEDLINE database. Here we summarize published work on tracheostomy timing, technique, outcomes, mortality, and decannulation rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on expertise from our own institution.

Left-sided facial mass in an adult female.

A left maxillary sinus soft tissue mass was discovered on computed tomography in a 70-year-old woman who had been experiencing blood-tinged mucus for 2 years. The lesion demonstrated mild enhancement, and bony destruction. Magnetic resonance imaging displayed a cerebriform appearance of the mass, which mimicked the appearance of inverted papilloma.

Impact of Nonadherence to NCCN Adjuvant Radiotherapy Initiation Guidelines in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Underserved Urban Population.

Background: Nonadherence to NCCN Guidelines during time from surgery to postoperative radiotherapy (S-PORT) can alter survival outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinomna (HNSCC). There is a need to validate this impact in an underserved urban population and to understand risk factors and reasons for delay. We sought to investigate the impact of delayed PORT with outcomes of overall survival (OS) in HNSCC, to analyze predictive factors of delayed PORT, and to identify reasons for delay.

Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Objectives: Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma (BSNS), previously low-grade sinonasal sarcoma with neural and myogenic features, is a rare tumor of the sinonasal tract first described in 2012. Due to its rarity, limited literature is available in providing clinicians with a standardized treatment regimen, . This article aims to provide a clinical review of the currently available reported cases of BSNS, as well as presenting clinical, radiologic, and pathologic details of 2 novel cases.

Use of Predictive Modeling to Tailor Molecular Testing Utilization for Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: Various risk stratification systems for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules are available. However, malignancy risk assessment data, such as ultrasound features, are not always used when the decision is to order molecular testing or not. Our aim was to investigate the utility of molecular testing after incorporating an algorithm with ultrasound-based risk of malignancy (ROM) estimation.

Tracheotomy Outcomes in 64 Ventilated COVID-19 Patients at a High-Volume Center in Bronx, NY.

Objectives/hypothesis: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. Few studies have reported COVID-19 specific tracheotomy outcomes, and the optimal timing and patient selection criteria for tracheotomy remains undetermined. We delineate our outcomes for tracheotomies performed on COVID-19 patients during the peak of the pandemic at a major epicenter in the United States.

Tracheotomy in a High-Volume Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluating the Surgeon's Risk.

Objective: Performing tracheotomy in patients with COVID-19 carries a risk of transmission to the surgical team due to potential viral particle aerosolization. Few studies have reported transmission rates to tracheotomy surgeons. We describe our safety practices and the transmission rate to our surgical team after performing tracheotomy on patients with COVID-19 during the peak of the pandemic at a US epicenter.

Global Tracheostomy Collaborative: data-driven improvements in patient safety through multidisciplinary teamwork, standardisation, education, and patient partnership.

There is growing recognition of the need for a coordinated, systematic approach to caring for patients with a tracheostomy. Tracheostomy-related adverse events remain a pervasive global problem, accounting for half of all airway-related deaths and hypoxic brain damage in critical care units. The Global Tracheostomy Collaborative (GTC) was formed in 2012 to improve patient safety and quality of care, emphasising knowledge, skills, teamwork, and patient-centred approaches.

Tracheostomy during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Recommendations from the New York Head and Neck Society.

The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 and 2020 has resulted in a worldwide pandemic characterized by severe pulmonary inflammation, effusions, and rapid respiratory compromise. The result of this pandemic is a large and increasing number of patients requiring endotracheal intubation and prolonged ventilator support. The rapid rise in endotracheal intubations coupled with prolonged ventilation requirements will certainly lead to an increase in tracheostomy procedures in the coming weeks and months.

Safety Recommendations for Evaluation and Surgery of the Head and Neck During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: The rapidly expanding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has challenged the medical community to an unprecedented degree. Physicians and health care workers are at added risk of exposure and infection during the course of patient care. Because of the rapid spread of this disease through respiratory droplets, health care workers who come in close contact with the upper aerodigestive tract during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, such as otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, are particularly at risk.

Apoptosis signaling molecules as treatment targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate BCL-2 family signaling molecules in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and examine the ability of therapeutic agents with variable mechanisms of action to induce apoptosis in HNSCC cells.

Methods: messenger ribonculeic acid (mRNA) expression of BAK, BAX, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), BCL2 Like 1 (BCL2L1), and MCL1 were measured in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) head and neck cancer dataset, as well as in a dataset from a cohort at Montefiore Medical Center (MMC). Protein expression was similarly evaluated in a panel of HNSCC cell lines (HN30, HN31, HN5, MDA686LN, UMSCC47).