Children at risk identified in an urban scoliosis school screening program: a new model.

School-based scoliosis screening programs, although controversial, remain well established. Our hypothesis was that with the addition of several inexpensive and simple measurements (height/weight, questionnaire), the overall impact of our screening program could be dramatically increased. Of the 1,058 children screened, 30 (2.

Progressive valgus deformity after curettage of benign lesions of the proximal tibia.

Background: Progressive valgus deformity after proximal tibial metaphyseal fractures in pediatric patients has been well described, although the pathophysiology is not clear. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate the occurrence of progressive tibia valga after curettage of benign bone lesions of the tibia.

Methods: During a 6-year period, we performed curettage and bone grafting of benign bone lesions of the tibia in 20 patients aged 16 years and younger.

Inhibition of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 dissociates insulin resistance and obesity from atherosclerosis.

Background: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a well-known enhancer of the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of SCD1 in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis progression.

Methods And Results: Antisense oligonucleotides were used to inhibit SCD1 in a mouse model of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (LDLr(-/-)Apob(100/100)).

Influences of rate, length, and complexity on speech disfluency in a single-speech sample in preschool children who stutter.

Unlabelled: The purpose of the present study was (1) to determine whether speech rate, utterance length, and grammatical complexity (number of clauses and clausal constituents per utterance) influenced stuttering-like disfluencies as children became more disfluent at the end of a 1200-syllable speech sample [Sawyer, J., & Yairi, E. (2006).

Pain prevalence study in a large Canadian teaching hospital.

Despite the continued evolution of pain management techniques and an increased awareness of the importance of effective pain management, pain continues to be poorly managed. Following an earlier organization-wide pain collaborative, nursing leaders representing acute and palliative pain services together conducted a pain prevalence study. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the prevalence of pain and the level of interference that pain has on patient activities at a large teaching hospital.

Influence of food on the pharmacokinetics of apricitabine, a novel deoxycytidine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

Objective: Apricitabine is a novel deoxycytidine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor with clinical efficacy against both wild-type and drug-resistant HIV. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of feeding on apricitabine absorption and plasma pharmacokinetics.

Research Design/methods: Twenty healthy, male, HIV-negative volunteers were recruited for this randomised, open-label, crossover study and administered 1200 mg apricitabine orally either following fasting or a high-fat meal.

A new homogeneous assay for high throughput serological diagnosis of brucellosis in ruminants.

The control and eradication of brucellosis is highly desirable but heavily resource intensive as high throughput serological testing is required. The aim of this study was to meet the needs of high throughput screening laboratories involved in this process through the development of a new assay. An existing cELISA used for the serodiagnosis of brucellosis in ruminants was converted to an AlphaLISA homogenous proximity based assay.

Introducing a patient-focused care map in colorectal surgery: a pilot qualitative study of patients' and surgical oncology nurses' experiences.

Care maps for patient care have been around for many years. Key stakeholders at our institution developed and implemented a care map for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. The purpose of this descriptive, qualitative pilot study was twofold.

The impact of lactic acid concentration and sodium chloride on pH, water-holding capacity, and cooked color of injection-enhanced dark-cutting beef.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of enhancement with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.

Interactive effect of ractopamine and dietary fat source on pork quality characteristics of fresh pork chops during simulated retail display.

Crossbred pigs (n = 216) were used to test the interactive effect, if any, of ractopamine (RAC) and dietary fat source on the performance of finishing pigs, pork carcass characteristics, and quality of LM chops during 5 d of simulated retail display (2.6 degrees C and 1,600 lx warm-white fluorescent lighting). Pigs were blocked by BW and allotted randomly to pens (6 pigs/pen), and, after receiving a common diet devoid of RAC for 2 wk, pens within blocks were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 diets in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with 5% fat [beef tallow (BT) vs.

Secondary genomic rearrangements involving immunoglobulin or MYC loci show similar prevalences in hyperdiploid and nonhyperdiploid myeloma tumors.

The pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) is thought to involve at least two pathways, which generate hyperdiploid (HRD) or nonhyperdiploid (NHRD) tumors, respectively. Apart from chromosome content, the two pathways are distinguished by five primary immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) rearrangements (4p16, FGFR3, and MMSET; 6p21, CCND3; 11q13, CCND1; 16q23, MAF; 20q12, MAFB) that are present mainly in NHRD tumors. To determine the prevalence and structures of IGH, immunoglobulin (IG) light chain, and MYC genomic rearrangements in MM, we have done comprehensive metaphase fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses on 48 advanced MM tumors and 47 MM cell lines.

Effect of xylitol on adhesion of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 to beef carcass surfaces.

Effects of 10% xylitol (a five-carbon sugar alcohol) on adhesion of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium to meat surfaces were examined with three approaches. First, beef outside round was inoculated with rifampin-resistant E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium dispersed in xylitol or peptone solution.

Targeted depletion of hepatic ACAT2-driven cholesterol esterification reveals a non-biliary route for fecal neutral sterol loss.

Deletion of acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) in mice results in resistance to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and protection against atherosclerosis. Recently, our group has shown that liver-specific inhibition of ACAT2 via antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated targeting likewise limits atherosclerosis. However, whether this atheroprotective effect was mediated by: 1) prevention of packaging of cholesterol into apoB-containing lipoproteins, 2) augmentation of nascent HDL cholesterol secretion, or 3) increased hepatobiliary sterol secretion was not examined.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growing season soil carbon dioxide emission in a corn-soybean rotation.

Nitrogen application can have a significant effect on soil carbon (C) pools, plant biomass production, and microbial biomass C processing. The focus of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of N fertilization on soil CO(2) emission and microbial biomass C. The study was conducted from 2001 to 2003 at four field sites in Iowa representing major soil associations and with a corn (Zea mays L.

Body mass index and elbow range of motion in a healthy pediatric population: a possible mechanism of overweight in children.

Background: Childhood overweight has become a serious health problem among children and adolescents in the United States. No previous study, to our knowledge, has analyzed the effect of body mass index (BMI) on range of motion and carrying angle of the elbow joint in a healthy pediatric population. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of BMI on orthopedic parameters of the elbow joint, including range of motion, flexion, extension, and carrying angle.

Pharmacokinetics of apricitabine, a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers treated with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

Objectives: Apricitabine is a novel deoxycytidine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor under development for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. This study was performed to investigate potential pharmacokinetic interactions between apricitabine and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

Methods: Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for single and multiple doses of apricitabine (and its metabolite BCH-335) in the presence and absence of steady-state concentrations of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in healthy volunteers.

Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of apricitabine, a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in patients with HIV-1 infection.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to investigate the multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of apricitabine, a novel deoxycytidine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in antiretroviral-naive patients with HIV-1 infection.

Methods: This was an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging study. Patients received 10 days' oral placebo or apricitabine 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg twice daily or 800 or 1200 mg once daily.

Suppression of abnormal karyotype predicts superior survival in multiple myeloma.

Cytogenetic studies were performed as part of all diagnostic and surveillance bone marrow examinations in 956 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) receiving total therapy (TT) protocols and in 1085 previously treated patients enrolled in non-TT protocols. In both groups, cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) were present in one-third at baseline and persisted in 14% prior to first and 10% prior to second transplant (TT, 5%; non-TT, 15%); post-transplant detection rates increased progressively with time, from 7% within 6 months to 21% within 24 months to 28% at relapse. According to multivariate analyses, overall survival was adversely affected by the presence of CA at baseline (hazard ratio (HR)=7.

Cytogenetically defined myelodysplasia after melphalan-based autotransplantation for multiple myeloma linked to poor hematopoietic stem-cell mobilization: the Arkansas experience in more than 3,000 patients treated since 1989.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a well-recognized complication of chemotherapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Serial bone marrow metaphase examinations were performed for MM restaging in 3,077 patients undergoing high-dose therapy (HDT). MDS-associated cytogenetic abnormalities (MDS-CAs) were observed in 105 of 2,418 patients in whom cytogenetic data were available after HDT.

Establishment and exploitation of hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid human myeloma cell lines.

The establishment of clinically relevant human myeloma cell lines is central for our understanding of myeloma pathogenesis and development of novel therapies for the disease. Unfortunately, most available lines were generated from extramedullary sites, harbored multiple genetic abnormalities and categorized as non-hyperdiploid. In contrast, hyperdiploid myeloma cell lines, which represent more than 50% of patients, are rare.

Trans fat diet induces abdominal obesity and changes in insulin sensitivity in monkeys.

Objective: There is conflicting evidence about the propensity of trans fatty acids (TFAs) to cause obesity and insulin resistance. The effect of moderately high intake of dietary monounsaturated TFAs on body composition and indices of glucose metabolism was evaluated to determine any pro-diabetic effect in the absence of weight gain.

Research Methods And Procedures: Male African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops; n=42) were assigned to diets containing either cis-monounsaturated fatty acids or an equivalent diet containing the trans-isomers (approximately 8% of energy) for 6 years.

Interactive effect of ractopamine and dietary fat source on quality characteristics of fresh pork bellies.

Crossbred pigs (n = 216) were used to test the interaction, if any, of ractopamine (RAC) and dietary fat source on the characteristics of fresh pork bellies. Pigs were blocked by BW (77.6 +/- 6.