Inherent differential microbial assemblages and functions associated with corals exhibiting different thermal phenotypes.

Certain coral individuals exhibit enhanced resistance to thermal bleaching, yet the specific microbial assemblages and their roles in these phenotypes remain unclear. We compared the microbial communities of thermal bleaching-resistant (TBR) and thermal bleaching-sensitive (TBS) corals using metabarcoding and metagenomics. Our multidomain approach revealed stable distinct microbial compositions between thermal phenotypes.

Management of Aorto-Duodenal Fistula: Case Series and Technical Notes.

Aorto-duodenal fistula (ADF) is a rare clinical condition characterized by abnormal communication between the 3rd or 4th portion of the duodenum and the aorta, typically associated with aneurysmal disease. The incidence of ADF is expected to increase, however, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal approach for intestinal restoration. In this study, we present three cases of ADF and their respective treatments using three distinct surgical techniques.

Seasonal changes in coral thermal threshold suggest species-specific strategies for coping with temperature variations.

Coral thermotolerance research has focused on the ability of coral holobionts to maximize withstanding thermal stress exposure. Yet, it's unclear whether thermal thresholds adjust across seasons or remain constant for a given species and location. Here, we assessed the thermal tolerance thresholds over time spanning the annual temperature variation in the Red Sea for Pocillopora verrucosa and Acropora spp.

Age Differences and Prevalence of Comorbidities for Death and Survival in Patients with COVID-19: A Single-Center Observational Study in a Region of Southern Italy.

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has resulted in a considerable number of deaths worldwide. The virus damages the pulmonary artery endothelium, leading to a condition known as microvascular pulmonary inflammatory thrombotic syndrome (MPITS), which can be fatal and cause multiple organ failure. The presence of preexisting comorbidities has been shown to significantly impact the severity and prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Large Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Duodenum: Description of Two Rare Subtypes and Technical Details on Surgical Treatment.

Background: Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are uncommon, accounting for less than 4% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. Prognosis is related to tumoral staging and grading, as well as to the specific subtype. In this article, we retrospectively describe the clinical presentation and surgical treatment of two rare large duodenal NETs: a high-grade G3 NET and a Gangliocytic Paraganglioma (GP).

Impact of ESKAPE Pathogens on Bacteremia: A Three-Year Surveillance Study at a Major Hospital in Southern Italy.

Background/objectives: ESKAPE pathogens (, , , , , and spp.) pose a serious public health threat as they are resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by ESKAPE bacteria have high mortality rates due to the limited availability of effective antimicrobials.

Probiotics reshape the coral microbiome in situ without detectable off-target effects in the surrounding environment.

Beneficial microorganisms for corals (BMCs), or probiotics, can enhance coral resilience against stressors in laboratory trials. However, the ability of probiotics to restructure the coral microbiome in situ is yet to be determined. As a first step to elucidate this, we inoculated putative probiotic bacteria (pBMCs) on healthy colonies of Pocillopora verrucosa in situ in the Red Sea, three times per week, during 3 months.

Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Differences between Lesions in Incidental and Nonincidental Settings-Considerations on These Clinical Entities and Personal Experience.

Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) represents 35-40% of all papillary cancers; it is defined as a nodule ≤ 10 mm at the time of histological diagnosis. The clinical significance of PTMC is still controversial, and it may be discovered in two settings: incidental PTMC (iPTMC), in which it is identified postoperatively upon histological examination of thyroid specimens following thyroid surgery for benign disease, and nonincidental PTMC (niPTMC), in which it is diagnosed before surgery. While iPTMC appears to be related to mild behavior and favorable clinical outcomes, niPTMC may exhibit markers of aggressiveness.

Intravitreal Aflibercept for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema in Routine Clinical Practice: Results from the 24-Month AURIGA Observational Study.

Introduction: AURIGA is the largest real-world study to date to evaluate intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) or macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion in routine clinical practice. The 24-month outcomes in the DME cohort from across 11 participating countries are reported here.

Methods: AURIGA (NCT03161912) was a prospective observational study.

Listening to bridge societal divides.

The U.S. is plagued by a variety of societal divides across political orientation, race, and gender, among others.

Fluorescence cholangiography for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: how, when, and why? A single-center preliminary study.

Introduction: Bile duct injuries avoidance is a key goal of biliary surgery. In this prospective study we evaluate the safety and feasibility of ICG fluorescent cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) focusing on the optimization of timing and dose administration.

Material And Methods: From February to December 2022 fifty-four LC were performed with fluorescence imaging in our surgical department.

Large retroperitoneal sarcoma invading the inferior vena cava successfully resected. Technical notes of two cases.

Retroperitoneal sarcomas are rare neoplasms . They frequently reach a very large size and invade adjacent organs before they are detected. Involvent of the inferior vena cava is uncommon.

Single-polyp metabolomics reveals biochemical structuring of the coral holobiont at multiple scales.

All biology happens in space, and spatial structuring plays an important role in mediating biological processes at all scales from cells to ecosystems. However, the metabolomic structuring of the coral holobiont has yet to be fully explored. Here, we present a method to detect high-quality metabolomic data from individual coral polyps and apply this method to study the patterning of biochemicals across multiple spatial (~1 mm - ~100 m) and organizational scales (polyp to population).

Antimicrobial Resistance in before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

(PA) is a major Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing several serious acute and chronic infections in the nosocomial and community settings. PA eradication has become increasingly difficult due to its remarkable ability to evade antibiotics. Therefore, epidemiological studies are needed to limit the infection and aim for the correct treatment.

Evaluation of the "rethink stress" mindset intervention: A metacognitive approach to changing mindsets.

Experimental research has demonstrated that a stress-is-enhancing mindset can be induced and can improve outcomes by presenting information on the enhancing nature of stress. However, experimental evidence, media portrayals, and personal experience about the debilitating nature of stress may challenge this mindset. Thus, the traditional approach of focusing on the more "desired" mindset without arming participants against encounters with the less desired mindsets may not be sustainable in the face of conflicting information.

Use of quantitative indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence imaging in bariatric surgery: early results.

Introduction: Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) is commonly used in general surgery, but its use in bariatric surgery is still marginal. Moreover, post-operative leaks remain a dramatic complication after this surgery and the leak tests available have poor performance preventing them. The aim of the present paper is to assess the use and utility of a new innovative technology based on quantitative measures of fluorescence signal intensity.

Management of low colorectal anastomotic leakage using negative pressure therapy with Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS): description of a case and review of the literature.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) represents a major post-operative complication after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay and risk of permanent stoma. Herein we report the case of a 75-year-old male patient submitted to a minimally invasive LAR who developed an AL on the fifth post-operative day.

Should I give kids money? The role of pocket money on at-risk behaviors in Italian adolescents.

Background: Discussion on the impact of pocket money on positive behaviors is still debated.

Objective: To investigate the effect of diverse money allowance schemes on risky behaviors (smoking, alcohol, binge drinking, drug use, gambling) during adolescence.

Method: 989 students aged 15 from Lombardy (Italy) reported information on money availability in the 2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study.

Psychosocial determinants of sleep difficulties in adolescence: the role of perceived support from family, peers, and school in an Italian HBSC sample.

The present study explores the concurrent contribution to sleep problems of individual-related, family-related, and school-related factors in adolescence. Gathering from the Italian 2018 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) data collection, we used hierarchical logistic regression on a sample of 3397 adolescents (51% females, Mage = 13.99, SD = 1.

[Artificial intelligence in medicine: are we ready?].

Artificial intelligence (Ai) tools, in particular those based on machine learning (Ml) and deep learning techniques, have found application in numerous fields of medicine. They are used to create chatbots to provide health information to citizens and patients, to make medical diagnoses, to identify the best treatment to use for a specific patient, to predict a patient's risk of experiencing a specific event, to identify the most promising drug candidate in which to invest in clinical research, and to identify possible cause-effect relationships between pathologies and data collected through the various available sources. The results of published clinical trials measuring the reliability, safety, and efficacy of these tools are often encouraging.

Chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic lithiasis. State of the art.

Chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic lithiasis, isolated or associated, are infrequent diseases in western countries. They are linked to alcohol abuse, cigarette smoking, repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis and hereditary genetic factors. They are characterised by persistent or recurrent epigastric pain, digestive insufficiency, steatorrhoea, weight loss and secondary diabetes.

Effects of Wearable Fitness Trackers and Activity Adequacy Mindsets on Affect, Behavior, and Health: Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There is some initial evidence suggesting that mindsets about the adequacy and health consequences of one's physical activity (activity adequacy mindsets [AAMs]) can shape physical activity behavior, health, and well-being. However, it is unknown how to leverage these mindsets using wearable technology and other interventions.

Objective: This research examined how wearable fitness trackers and meta-mindset interventions influence AAMs, affect, behavior, and health.