Effect of Fe Concentration and Superheating on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of High Mg 413.0-Type Alloys: Role of Sr, Be, P, and La.

The present work was undertaken to explore the multiple alloys and process steps that have been suggested to mitigate the harmful effects of high iron content in cast Al-Si alloys. The base alloy used was ommercial 413.0 alloy containing 0.

Contrast sensitivity before and after refractive error correction among refractive error patients in Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2023.

Background: Contrast sensitivity is an important measure of vision quality. Risk of falling injury is strongly associated with poor contrast sensitivity compared with poor near- and distance visual acuity. Since good visual acuity is not necessarily associated with good visual performance in the "real world" it is important to consider contrast sensitivity when prescribing corrective lenses.

DT-13 Mediates Ligand-Dependent Activation of PPARγ Response Elements In Vitro.

Activation of inflammatory pathways releases a storm of cytokines. Moreover, unregulated cytokines contribute to chronic inflammatory disorders. However, ligand-activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is involved in suppressing inflammatory cytokines via transrepression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB).

The Efficacy of Neuromodulation, Interventional Treatment and Unconventional Therapies in the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic debilitating multisystem neuropathic pain disorder. It is characterized by continuous pain, usually out of proportion to any known tissue injury, vasomotor changes, sudomotor or edema, and motor or trophic changes. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of neuromodulation, interventional, and unconventional treatments for CRPS.

Identifying Priority Science Information Needs for Managing Public Lands.

Public lands worldwide provide diverse resources, uses, and values, ranging from wilderness to extractive uses. Decision-making on public lands is complex as a result and is required by law to be informed by science. However, public land managers may not always have the science they need.

A Systematic Review of the Impact of Energy Insecurity on Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Energy is an increasingly important social and public health concern. It is essential for good health and a prerequisite for basic needs in the household. Public health emergencies like COVID-19 have been known to be associated with mental health crises such as increased levels of loneliness, depression, and anxiety.

Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Statin-Induced Myopathy: A Systematic Review.

Statins are among the most widely prescribed drugs for treating dyslipidemia and reducing the incidence of heart disease and stroke. However, they come with a wide range of side effects, from myopathy to necrotizing rhabdomyolysis, as well as diabetes, hepatotoxicity, and sleep problems. The most common side effect of statins is statin-induced myopathy, often leading to discontinuation of statin therapy and noncompliance in many patients.

Analysis of Ni-Cu Interaction in Aluminum-Based Alloys: Hardness, Tensile and Precipitation Behavior.

The present work was aimed at quantifying the effects of Ni addition in the range of 0-4% together with 0.3%Zr on the hardness and the tensile properties, volume fraction of intermetallics, and changes in size and distribution of phase precipitation in Sr-modified Al-9%Si-2%Cu-0.6%Mg cast alloys.

Stage-Specific Guideline Concordant Treatment Impacts on Survival in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: A Novel Quality Indicator.

Background: Lung cancer in Australia contributes 9% of all new cancer diagnoses and is the leading cause of cancer death and burden. Clinical practice guidelines provide evidence-based treatment recommendations for best practice management. We aimed to determine the extent of delivery of guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) and to identify modifiable variables influencing receipt of GCT and survival.

Endoscopic Versus Open Carpal Tunnel Release: A Systematic Review of Outcomes and Complications.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that causes discomfort due to the compression of the median nerve in the wrist. Carpal tunnel release (CTR) is a surgical procedure that can help alleviate the symptoms of CTS. Two methods are commonly used for CTR: endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) and open carpal tunnel release (OCTR).

Accuracy of Beamscan Software in Determining the Inflection Point from the FFF Beam Profile Using Several Array Detectors.

Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the accuracy of the PTW Beamscan program in determining the inflection point from Flattening Filter Free Beam Profile utilizing Multiple Detectors.

Methods: True Beam Linear Accelerator with 6FFF and 10FFF Photon Energies and 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm Field Sizes were used for this study. Profile measurements were taken with PTW's 729, 1,500, and 1,600 and the Starcheck system, the Pinpoint 3D with Beamscan system, and Linac's EPID.

Exploring the Nexus: A Systematic Review on the Interplay of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene C677T Genotype, Hyperhomocysteinemia, and Spontaneous Cervical/Vertebral Artery Dissection in Young Adults.

Ischemic strokes (IS) in young adults often evade early detection, resulting in delayed diagnosis until complications arise. Cervical/vertebral artery dissection, a significant contributor to these strokes, presents with symptoms such as migraine with aura, severe headache, and neck pain, commonly overlooked due to their nonspecific nature. This review investigates early indicators of artery dissections, emphasizing their importance in diagnosis and exploring the correlation between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T genotype polymorphism, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), and IS in young adults.

Protective effect of cholecalciferol against cobalt-induced neurotoxicity in rats: ZO-1/iFABP, ChAT/AchE and antioxidant pathways as potential therapeutic targets.

Cobalt (Co) toxicity has been reported to produce central nervous system and gastrointestinal abnormalities. This study assessed the therapeutic effect of cholecalciferol (Cho) supplementation against damages caused by sub-acute (14-day) cobalt chloride (CoCl) exposure in the brain and intestines. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups: Group I (control) received no treatment; Group II received oral CoCl (100 mg/kg) only; Groups III, IV, and V received 1000, 3000 and 6000 IU/kg of cholecalciferol, respectively by oral gavage, and concurrently with CoCl.

Dosimetric Evaluation of Semiflex Three-dimensional Chamber under Unflatten Beam in Comparison among Different Detectors.

Purpose: The goal of this study is to investigate the dosimetric properties of a Semiflex three-dimensional (3D) chamber in an unflatten beam and compare its data from a small to a large field flattening filter-free (FFF) beam with different radiation detectors.

Methods: The sensitivity, linearity, reproducibility, dose rate dependency, and energy dependence of a Semiflex 3D detector in flattening filter and filter-free beam were fully investigated. The minimum radiation observed field widths for all detectors were calculated using lateral electronic charged particle equilibrium to investigate dosimetric characteristics such as percentage depth doses (PDDs), profiles, and output factors (OPFs) for Semiflex 3D detector under 6FFF Beam.

Corrigendum: A single-institution experience with 177Lu RPT workflow improvements and qualifying the SPECT/CT imaging for dosimetry.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.

DT-13 attenuates inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3-inflammasome related genes in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Plant derived saponins or other glycosides are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-viral properties in therapeutic medicine. In this study, we focus on understanding the function of the less known steroidal saponin from the roots of Liriope muscari L. H.

A single-institution experience with Lu RPT workflow improvements and qualifying the SPECT/CT imaging for dosimetry.

Background And Purpose: Implementing any radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) program requires a comprehensive review of system readiness, appropriate workflows, and training to ensure safe and efficient treatment delivery. A quantitative assessment of the dose delivered to targets and organs at risk (OAR) using RPT is possible by correlating the absorbed doses with the delivered radioactivity. Integrating dosimetry into an established RPT program demands a thorough analysis of the necessary components and system fine-tuning.

Comparison of conventional unstained lymph nodal harvesting vs methylene blue-stained lymph nodal harvesting in colorectal specimen in staging left-sided colorectal carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The management and prognosis of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are related to the stage of the disease, which, in turn, relies on the lymph node harvest from the surgical specimen. The guidelines recommend that at least 12 lymph nodes are required, which is not achieved in most resections. In this study, we propose a method to improve the lymph node yield in such cases.

Hypofractionated versus conventional fractionation external beam radiotherapy in intermediate and high risk localized prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men, and its incidence is increasing which is attributed to increased screening programs. The treatment options of intermediate and high risk prostate cancer include radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy. Hypofractionated radiotherapy is becoming more popular lately due to better understanding of the radiobiology of prostate cancer and favorable logistics.

Chemical Catalysis Guides Structural Identification for the Major Metabolite of the BET Inhibitor JQ1.

The bromodomain inhibitor (+)-JQ1 is a highly validated chemical probe; however, it exhibits poor pharmacokinetics. To guide efforts toward improving its pharmacological properties, we identified the (+)-JQ1 primary metabolite using chemical catalysis methods. Treatment of (+)-JQ1 with tetrabutylammonium decatungstate under photochemical conditions resulted in selective formation of an aldehyde at the 2-position of the thiophene ring [(+)-JQ1-CHO], which was further reduced to the 2-hydroxymethyl analog [(+)-JQ1-OH].

Radiation Oncology Health Disparities in Pakistan.

This article discusses problems and potential solutions for improving radiation oncology care in Pakistan.

A Review on the Analysis of Thermal and Thermodynamic Aspects of Grain Refinement of Aluminum-Silicon-Based Alloys.

The present analysis addresses the solidification and thermodynamic parameters involved during the solidification of aluminum (Al)-based alloys as presented in the literature using different systems viz., binary aluminum-boron (Al-B) and aluminum-titanium (Al-Ti) systems, ternary aluminum-titanium-boron (Al-Ti-B) and aluminum-titanium-carbon (Al-Ti-C) systems, as well as taking into consideration the silicon-titanium-aluminide (Si-TiAl) interaction in Al-based alloys containing Si. The analysis is supported by recent metallographic evidence obtained by the authors on A356.