[Frontal displacement chromatography of melittin on meshed polymer ionites].

Conditions of frontal displacement chromatography were optimized for preparative purification of the polypeptide hormone melittin from bee venom. Melittin was purified to an extent higher than that of a standard preparation described in the biochemical literature.

Modelling of gas transport function of erythrocytes in haemoglobin sorption immobilization.

Colloid-disperse systems based on haemoglobin sorption immobilization in reticular polyelectrolytes are proposed and investigated. The efficiency of oxygen transport of these systems is much higher than that of native haemoglobin and is comparable with the efficacy of gas transport of erythrocytes. This is believed to be due to highly selective sorption immobilization of haemoglobin in microdisperse forms of permeable carboxylic reticular polyelectrolytes.

[Effect of the kinetic selectivity of eremomycin adsorption on the concentration of components in chromatographic bands].

The adsorption dynamics of antibiotic eremomycin to structurally segregated carboxylic adsorbents was studied. It was shown that effects of the kinetic selectivity of adsorption lead to an additional narrowing of bands containing the component to be separated. This narrowing provides the possibility of superpurification of biologically active compounds by the "small shift" method of quasiequilibrium chromatography.

[Combination of the sieve effect and ion exchange chromatography during isolation of recombinant alpha2-interferon on the cellosorbent CS KU-23].

Preliminary purification of alpha 2-interferon from the culture liquid on cation-exchange sorbents was studied. Application of a cellosorbent based on the cationite KU-23 resulted in a 20-25-fold purification of recombinant alpha 2-interferon in a one-step process as a result of combination of the sieve effect and ion-exchange chromatography.

[Use of microdispersed forms of crosslinked polyelectrolytes in biotechnology].

The interaction of microdispersions of crosslinked polyelectrolytes with ions of biologically active substances has been studied by physicochemical methods. The processes of ion exchange and physical adsorption, underlying the interaction, can promote flocculation. Of particular importance is the selective flocculation of dipolar ions of biologically active substances.

[New principles of ion exchange preparative chromatography and their applications for isolation, purification and super purification of antibiotics].

New types of structurally segregated heteronetwork biosorbents with given parameters of heterogeneity and porosity have been developed. Physico-chemical characteristics of the biosorbents on the basis of which one can predict optimal structures of ion exchangers to be used in preparative chromatography of biologically active compounds were studied. A new principle of sequential displacement of ions of organic compounds, in particular antibiotics, adsorbed on selective biosorbents with a high adsorption capacity was developed, which enables purification and superpurification of the desired compound.

[Study of oligohemoglobin solutions in vitro and in vivo].

Solutions of oligohemoglobins (OHb) with middle molecular mass 100 x 10(3) = 400 x 10(3), obtained after polycondensation of hemoglobin with glutaric aldehyde as well as oligohemoglobin modified with pyridoxal-5-phosphate, were studied in vivo and in vitro (plethoric administration, isovolemic metabolic substitution, hemorrhagic shock; at a dose of 0.5-1.8 g/kg of body mass; dogs, rabbits, rats).

[Hetero-oligoproteins containing pancreatic ribonuclease--enzyme conjugates of prolonged action].

Conjugates containing blood serum albumin and pancreatic ribonuclease, produced by means of polycondensation reaction, exhibited higher half-life in rabbit circulation as compared with non-modified enzyme. Presence of the protein-carrier contributed to elevation of the ribonuclease therapeutic efficiency and enabled to decrease the quantity of injections.

[The effect of dietotherapy on the clinico-immunological indices of rheumatoid arthritis patients].

The main requirements for the dietotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have been formulated, and for the first time a pathogenetically balanced diet has been developed that produces antiinflammatory and immunocorrective effects. The effectiveness of the dietotherapy included into the combined treatment was studied in 41 patients with classic and proved RA. The authors have studied the influence of the dietotherapy on the clinical signs characterizing the activity of inflammation in the joints, and laboratory immunological parameters (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, the complement components: C1-inhibitor, C3, C4, C5, C9; haptoglobin, orrhozomucoid, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, prealbumin).

[Modification of hemoglobin by glutaric aldehyde and electrochemical properties of the conjugates].

Electrochemical properties of macromolecules of modified haemoglobin obtained by polycondensation with glutaric aldehyde have been investigated by means of potentiometric titration, PAG-electrophoresis, ion-exchange chromatography, and (for evaluation of isoelectric point) distribution between two aqueous polymeric phases. Introduction of additional functional groups into the macromolecule is possible by using various agents blocking polycondensation, which makes it possible to change the resulting charge and the isoelectric point.

[The effect of chemical modification of ribonuclease A by serum albumin on its catalytic properties].

The effect of chemical modification of ribonuclease A on its catalytic properties was studied. The kinetic parameters were calculated by using the Eisental and Cornish-Bowden direct linear plot. The Km value found for ribonuclease A conjugates with human serum albumin are comparable with those for the native enzyme whereas the Vmax value of the modified enzyme exceeds the maximum velocity of the enzymatic reaction of native ribonuclease A.

[Effect of chemical modification of hemoglobin on its biological activity].

Oligomeric hemoglobins were produced after polycondensation with glutaric aldehyde (OHb) as well as after modification with pyridoxal-5-phosphate (OHb-PLP). OHb exhibited high affinity to oxygen (P50 = 17 torr) as well as a decreased rate of the subunits cooperative interaction (n = 1.5-1.

[The use of a glycomacropeptide of kappa-casein as a substrate for neuraminidase].

Glycomacropeptide from milk was studied; its molecular mass and amino acid composition were evaluated. When the glycomacropeptide was used as a substrate of neuraminidase, it exhibited many advantages as compared with ovomucin (high molecular substrate of the enzyme) due to increased content of sialic acids in the glycomacropeptide composition and to high solubility.

[The role of hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in the efficiency of the respiratory function of the blood].

In acute experiments the oxygen transport properties of two solutions of modified stroma-purified hemoglobin were investigated using anesthetized Wistar rats. The solutions were: solution 1 (Hb = 8.0 g per 100 g, P50 = 12.

[Effect of thermal treatment on the structure and biological properties of tuberculin].

The effect of heat treatment used in the course of tuberculin production by Mycobacteria tuberculosis cells on the structure and biological activity of tuberculin was studied. Methods of preparative and analytical gel-filtration were used. The largest quantity of the biologically active component was obtained after 2-hour heat treatment of the mycobacteria culture.

[Interaction of micro-dispersed forms of anionites and surface-active agents with serum albumin].

The interaction of serum albumin with microdispersed forms of anion-exchange resins AV-16 GS and AV-17 I (USSR), obtained by mechanochemical destruction of polymers, and with low-molecular weight anionic (oleic acid, sulfonol) and cationic (cetazol, catamine) surfactants was being studied. Catamine and cetazol as well as microdispersions of anion-exchange resins are able to precipitate 90% of protein from the equilibrium solution, the content of protein in the initial solution being constant and equal to 6.5 mg/ml.

[Immobilized thrombolytic enzymes and their use in ophthalmology].

Soluble highly active conjugates were obtained after complex formation or covalent binding of trypsin and urokinase with polymers of various chemical structure as well as by means of condensation of the enzyme molecules as a result of which oligo- and heterooligoproteins were produced. Pharmacological activity of the conjugates obtained was studied in the course of treatment of rabbits with experimental hyphemia. All the preparations produced exhibited high therapeutic efficiency: the time of hyphemia resorption was decreased, the effect of immobilized enzymes was prolonged as compared with controls.

[Analysis of the secondary structure of urokinase by the circular dichroism method].

The secondary structure of urokinase with molecular weight 33 000 dalton was studied by the circular dichroism method. The secondary structure parameters were calculated based on the protein reference CD spectra resulted in the following secondary structure parameters: approximately 30% aminoacid residues constitute the alpha-helical regions, the same amount forms the beta-structure and an essential fractions contributes the beta-turns. Conformational stability of urokinase to alkaline pH (up to 11.

[Reversibility of the acid inactivation of immobilized alpha-amylase].

The process of reactivation of acid-inactivated alpha-amylase of Bacillus subtilis in weakly alkaline media was examined. The reactivation of alpha-amylase immobilized on carboxyl polyelectrolytes developed in a larger measure than that of the native enzyme. The stabilizing effect of the cross polymer decreased as its porosity increased.

[Effect of FAF anionite swelling on its sorption properties].

Experiments were carried out to clarify the effect of swelling coefficients of various samples of the polycondensation anion exchange resin FAF in the C1 form on its sorption properties. The anion exchange resin was used to eliminate contaminating proteins and low molecular weight agents from the allantois fluid and liver cultured cells of pigs. Thermal treatment of the anion exchange resin increased the coefficient of its swelling, leaving the structure unchanged.

[Oxygen transport in rats following total blood replacement with solutions of high-molecular modified hemoglobin].

In acute experiments on Wistar rats, after replacement of 92-94% of the blood with solution of high-molecular modified hemoglobin (HMH), 10.1-11.2 g%, the latter's oxygen transport function was studied.

[Isolation and study of physico-chemical properties of alpha-amylase from Bacillus subtilis].

By chromatography on ultragel ACA-54 alpha-amylase was isolated from the enzymic preparation amylosubtilin G10x. As compared to the initial preparation, the specific activity of the purified enzyme per mg increased 25-fold. The major physico-chemical characteristics of alpha-amylase were determined.

[Physico-chemical properties of terrylytin modified by a copolymer based on vinylpyrrolidone].

The proteolytic activity of terrylytin produced by the culture of Asp. terricola and modified by a water-soluble copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and acrolein remained unchanged after enzyme modification. Using micro-thin layer chromatography, it was shown that the bulk of the epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues of the protein enter the reaction with the aldehyde groups of the polymeric matrix.