Acute encephalopathy without hyperammonemia has a different presentation than overt hepatic encephalopathy and displays similarly severe prognosis.

Background And Aims: In cirrhosis, some patients display acute encephalopathy without hyperammonemia (NonHep E) which is not considered as overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). We aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of NonHep E and OHE in cirrhotic patients displaying acute encephalopathy, assess their respective prognosis and compare it to other causes of acute decompensation (AD) with/without hyperammonemia.

Approach And Results: We conducted a retrolective analysis from a prospective cohort of patients hospitalized for AD.

A Review of CNN Applications in Smart Agriculture Using Multimodal Data.

This review explores the applications of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in smart agriculture, highlighting recent advancements across various applications including weed detection, disease detection, crop classification, water management, and yield prediction. Based on a comprehensive analysis of more than 115 recent studies, coupled with a bibliometric study of the broader literature, this paper contextualizes the use of CNNs within Agriculture 5.0, where technological integration optimizes agricultural efficiency.

The Utilization of Inert Materials for the Control of Stored-Product Mites-A Mini Review.

Stored-product mites are important pests of stored products, while their presence in storage and processing facilities has a significant effect on public health. On the other hand, inert materials are promising alternatives to conventional pesticides in stored product protection and have provided very good results against storage insects. These formulations can be applied either directly on the product or on surfaces, as dusts or as slurry formulations.

A Dementia-Friendly Educational Program Using Virtual Reality for the General Public in Japan: A Randomized Controlled Trial for DRIVE.

Background And Objectives: Raising dementia awareness is essential for building a dementia-friendly community. However, existing studies have underexplored the effects of virtual reality (VR) dementia educational programs for the general public on enhancing positive attitude toward dementia. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a VR dementia-friendly educational program called the Drive for Dementia Readiness Inside Virtual Reality (DRIVE) program to improve attitude toward dementia of the general public.

High concentrations of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) enhance toxicity of S-methoprene against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica.

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) have been playing a major role in the effective management of a range of stored product insect pests including species that have developed resistance to major groups of insecticides, such as organophosphates (OPs) and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs). In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of S-methoprene alone and in combination with piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an adjuvant component of insecticides for synergy, against two strains, Lab-S (susceptible) and Met-R (Methoprene resistant) of an economically important pest species, the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae).

Exploring the efficacy of pyrethroid incorporated nets for the control of stored product moth species: immediate and delayed effects on Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Insect pests pose a significant threat to stored commodities, necessitating the exploration of alternative pest management strategies. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated nets (LLINs) have emerged as a promising tool, offering selectivity and reduced ecological impact compared to conventional chemical approaches. However, their efficacy against Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), cosmopolitan stored product moth species, has remained underexplored.

Promoting workplace retention during global crises: An international survey of the preventive role of psychological support among victims of social discrimination in long-term care facilities.

This international cross-sectional survey examined the potential role of organizational psychological support in mitigating the association between experiencing social discrimination against long-term care (LTC) facilities' healthcare professionals (HCPs) and their intention to stay in the current workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included a convenience sample of 2,143 HCPs (nurses [21.5 %], nurse aids or residential care workers [40.

Other causes of neurocognitive impairment than covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) are very frequent, either alone or associated with CHE, in cirrhotic patients with cognitive complaints.

Background/aims: Although it is well admitted that cirrhotic patients display various causes of neurocognitive impairment (NI) hampering the diagnosis of covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE), those are almost never investigated per se. The aims of this study were, in cirrhotic patients displaying cognitive complaints explored by a complete multimodal work-up, to assess: (1) the prevalence of CHE and/or that of other causes of NI and (2) their outcomes, according to the cause of NI.

Methods: Prospective cohort of cirrhotic patients referred in a dedicated clinic because of cognitive complaints.

Protein-S-100-beta is increased in patients with decompensated cirrhosis admitted to ICU.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is highly prevalent in patients with liver diseases. The pathophysiology of HE is centered on the synergic role of hyperammonemia and systemic inflammation. However, some data suggest altered functioning of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Unique behavioral patterns of wandering colonies of Brevibacillus thermoruber on agar plates.

Brevibacillus thermoruber strain Nabari cells grow as widely spreading dendritic colonies on reasoner's 2A-agar (1.5%) plates at around 55°C but as small motile colonies at 37°C. Motile colonies can be divided into colonies that move in straight or curved lines over long distances (wandering colonies), and colonies that rotate at a fixed location (rotating colonies).

Preclinical validation of a customized circuit for ex situ uninterrupted cold-to-warm prolonged perfusion of the liver.

Context: Clinical adoption of ex situ liver perfusion is growing. While hypothermic perfusion protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in marginal grafts, normothermic perfusion enables organ viability assessment and therefore selection of borderline grafts. The combination of hypothermic and normothermic perfusion, known as "cold-to-warm," may be the optimal sequence for organ preservation, but is difficult to achieve with most commercial perfusion systems.

Implicit attitudes towards dementia after education: Preliminary trial results from Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and validity of measuring implicit attitudes towards dementia in adults and older adults and evaluate the impact of dementia-friendly education using virtual reality (VR) on implicit attitudes.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial. Community members in Tokyo aged 20-90 years participated in dementia-friendly education with or without VR.

Extrinsic Calibration of Thermal Camera and 3D LiDAR Sensor via Human Matching in Both Modalities during Sensor Setup Movement.

LiDAR sensors, pivotal in various fields like agriculture and robotics for tasks such as 3D object detection and map creation, are increasingly coupled with thermal cameras to harness heat information. This combination proves particularly effective in adverse conditions like darkness and rain. Ensuring seamless fusion between the sensors necessitates precise extrinsic calibration.

Burden of grade 3 or 4 liver injury associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background & Aims: There is concern about the burden of liver injury in patients with cancer exposed to immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the likelihood of grade 3/4 liver injury, of grade 3/4 cholestatic liver injury, and of liver failure, as per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5, following treatment with ICIs. We compared these occurrences with a group of cancer patients who were propensity-matched and treated with conventional chemotherapy.

Clinical and genetic definition of serum bilirubin levels for the diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome and hypobilirubinemia.

Background And Aims: Gilbert syndrome (GS) is genotypically predetermined by UGT1A1*28 homozygosity in Europeans and is phenotypically defined by hyperbilirubinemia using total bilirubin (TB) cutoff ≥1mg/dL (17 μmol/L). The prevalence of illnesses associated with GS and hypobilirubinemia has never been studied prospectively. As TB varies with UGT1A1*28 genotyping, sex, and age, we propose stratified definitions of TB reference intervals and report the prevalence of illnesses and adjusted 15 years survival.

Development, application and evaluation of three novel TaqMan qPCR assays for phosphine resistance monitoring in major stored product pests Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica.

Backround: Stored product protection from insect pests relies heavily on the use of phosphine. The most serious drawback of phosphine is the development of resistance in major stored product insects worldwide, including the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.).

[Impact of voxelotor on hemoglobin electrophoretic and chromatographic profiles].

Voxelotor (GBT440, OXBRYTA®) appeared recently as one of the possible treatments for sickle cell disease. This molecule, by binding the alpha globin of hemoglobin, causes hyperaffinity of the latter for oxygen and reduces its polymerization properties. Several therapeutic trials have been able to show its effectiveness on certain aspects of sickle cell disease; thus, the french HAS (High Authority of Health) college issued an early access authorization and, since 2021, this treatment can be offered to patients under a temporary authorization for use.

Long-term care facilities' response to the COVID-19 pandemic: An international, cross-sectional survey.

Aims: To (i) assess the adherence of long-term care (LTC) facilities to the COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations, (ii) identify predictors of this adherence and (iii) examine the association between the adherence level and the impact of the pandemic on selected unfavourable conditions.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: Managers (n = 212) and staff (n = 2143) of LTC facilities (n = 223) in 13 countries/regions (Brazil, Egypt, England, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Thailand and Turkey) evaluated the adherence of LTC facilities to COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations and the impact of the pandemic on unfavourable conditions related to staff, residents and residents' families.

Effect of Nitrogen on Stored-Product Insect Control at Industrial Scale.

In this study, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of nitrogen against (L.), (L.), (F.

Quick knockdown results in high mortality: is this theory correct? A case study with phosphine and the red flour beetle.

Background: The fumigant phosphine is used all over the world for disinfestation of stored grains and commodities. Adults of 23 different populations of Tribolium castaneum from 10 different countries were evaluated for phosphine resistance using a modification of the Detia Degesch Phosphine Tolerance Test Kit (DDPTTK). Adults were exposed to 3000 ppm and recorded for 5-270 min for their mobility.

Diagnosis of chylous abdominal effusions: what is the triglyceride threshold value?

Introduction: Chylous abdominal effusions are serious complications that can be triggered by various aetiologies. The biochemical diagnosis of chyle leakage in ascites or in peritoneal fluid capsules relies on the detection of chylomicrons. Assaying the fluid's concentration of triglycerides is still the first-line tool.

Efficacy of deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl in proportionally layer-treated maize against the larger grain borer and the maize weevil.

Two insecticides (deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl) were evaluated in laboratory assays as grain protectants when applied as a total percentage of a maize mass to control adult Prostephanus truncatus and Sitophilus zeamais. All experiments were conducted at the University of Thessaly in Greece at 30°C and 65% RH under continuous darkness. Either insecticide was applied to 20 g of maize placed in a vial or to the upper one half, one fourth, or one-eighth layer of the maize, then insects were either added to the vials before or after the maize in a completely randomized block design CRBD with n = 9 replicates.