Exploring Resources and Reasoning Practices in Socioscientific System Modeling for Justice-Centered Science Education.

Integrating science education with social justice is vital for preparing students to critically address significant societal issues like climate change and pandemics. This study examines the effectiveness of socioscientific system modeling as a tool within Justice-Centered Science Pedagogy (JCSP) to enhance middle school students' understanding of social justice science issues. It focuses on how system modeling can scaffold students' reasoning about complex social systems, informed by their lived experiences, cultural backgrounds, and social identities.

Impact of the junior doctors' industrial action on the efficiency of a radiology department.

Aim: Three rounds of industrial action (IA) were carried out by junior doctors in the United Kingdom between March and June 2023. We investigated the impact of radiology registrars undertaking IA on the efficiency of a large teaching hospital's radiology department.

Materials And Methods: This service evaluation was registered with the local Quality Surveillance Information System and involved analysing data pertaining to the computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and x-ray studies performed before, during, and after periods of IA.

Mimics of primary ovarian cancer and primary peritoneal carcinomatosis - A pictorial review.

Numerous conditions can mimic ovarian malignancy. Identifying the origin of a pelvic mass or disseminated peritoneal abnormality on imaging is important to ensure that the patient receives optimal management by the appropriate clinical team. Ovarian cancer mimics include infections and other neoplastic processes, for example, actinomycosis, lymphoma, and sarcoma.

Systemic barriers hinder person-centered home and community based services (HCBS): Perspectives of service users and professionals.

Background: In response to the 2014 Final Settings Rule issued by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services, home-and-community based services (HCBS) provider organizations strengthened person-centered (PC) planning for HCBS to improve participants' choice and control over their services. Despite the call for widespread adoption of PC services, systemic barriers influence service users' and professionals' experiences in receiving and delivering PC services.

Objective: This study describes the perspectives of HCBS professionals and users on systemic barriers that affect PC HCBS delivery.

Perforated Amyand hernia with an adenocarcinoma tumour presenting as a groin abscess.

An Amyand hernia is an incarcerated inguinal hernia containing the appendix with or without appendicitis. This is a rare form of inguinal hernia, making up approximately 0.4%-1% of all cases.

Incidence and distribution of injuries associated with e-scooter use: a radiological perspective.

Objectives: To investigate electric scooter (e-scooter)-associated radiological injury incidence and distribution of injuries.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of radiological examinations related to e-scooter injuries at a major trauma centre in a small university city. The hospital radiology information system was searched for terms related to e-scooters between January 1, 2015, and October 31, 2022.

Characterization of immunomodulating agents from Staphylococcus aureus for priming immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancers.

Immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has revolutionized the treatment paradigm of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). However, a subset of TNBCs devoid of tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) or PD-L1 expression generally has a poor response to immunotherapy. In this study, we aimed to sensitize TNBCs to ICB by harnessing the immunomodulating potential of S.

Performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test-A Professional Dilemmas-Based Examination for Doctors in the United Kingdom.

Background: ChatGPT is a large language model that has performed well on professional examinations in the fields of medicine, law, and business. However, it is unclear how ChatGPT would perform on an examination assessing professionalism and situational judgement for doctors.

Objective: We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test (SJT): a national examination taken by all final-year medical students in the United Kingdom.

Caregiving for Older Adults With Dementia During the Time of COVID-19: A Multi-State Exploratory Qualitative Study.

This qualitative semi-structured interview study explores how 64 family caregivers for older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias across eight states experienced and executed caregiving decisions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, caregivers experienced challenges communicating with loved ones and healthcare workers in all care settings. Second, caregivers displayed resilient coping strategies in adapting to pandemic restrictions, finding novel strategies to balance risks while preserving communication, oversight, and safety.

Incidental coronary artery calcification on non-gated CT thorax correlates with risk of cardiovascular events and death.

Objectives: To assess coronary artery calcification (CAC) on non-contrast non-ECG-gated CT thorax (NC-NECG-CTT) and to evaluate its correlation with short-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and death.

Methods: Single-institution retrospective study including all patients 40-70 years old who underwent NC-NECG-CTT over a period of 6 months. Individuals with known CVD were excluded.

The different faces of metastatic melanoma in the gastrointestinal tract.

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with tendency to spread to any organ of the human body, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The diagnosis of metastases to the GIT can be difficult, as they may be clinically silent for somewhile and may occur years after the initial melanoma diagnosis. CT imaging remains the standard modality for staging and surveillance of melanoma patients, and in most cases, it will be the first imaging modality to identify GIT lesions.

The forgotten appearance of metastatic melanoma in the small bowel.

Background: Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a tendency to metastasise to any organ of the human body. While the most common body organs affected include liver, lungs, brain and soft tissues, spread to the gastrointestinal tract is not uncommon. In the bowel, it can present with a multitude of imaging appearances, more rarely as an aneurysmal dilatation.

Algorithmic Explanations: an Unplugged Instructional Approach to Integrate Science and Computational Thinking.

Computing has become essential in modern-day problem-solving, making computational literacy necessary for practicing scientists and engineers. However, K-12 science education has not reflected this computational shift. Integrating computational thinking (CT) into core science courses is an avenue that can build computational literacies in all students.

Pancreatic cystic lesions and the role of contrast enhanced endoscopic ultrasound.

An exponential rise in the use of cross-sectional imaging has led to an increase in the incidental identification of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL); however, with many subtypes defined to date and heterogeneous morphology with often absent defining radiological features, PCLs present a diagnostic challenge. Computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone are frequently not sufficient to provide accurate characterisation. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has an important role in the evaluation and classification of PCLs through its ability to define the internal architecture, which is further enhanced by the use of contrast medium.

Distinct metabolic profiles associated with autism spectrum disorder versus cancer in individuals with germline PTEN mutations.

PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), caused by germline PTEN mutations, has been associated with organ-specific cancers and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or developmental delay (DD). Predicting precise clinical phenotypes in any one PHTS individual remains impossible. We conducted an untargeted metabolomics study on an age- and sex-matched series of PHTS individuals with ASD/DD, cancer, or both phenotypes.

Placental MRI: Identification of radiological features to predict placental attachment disease regardless of reader expertise.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of placental MRI in reporting placental adhesive disease in readers with different expertise and to identify the most reliable MRI features that predict placental pathology regardless of reader expertise.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 27 placental MRI studies by six radiologists with different expertise levels; specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy were used to quantify the predictive performance of eight radiological features previously described in the literature. Histopathological evaluation was used as a diagnostic gold standard when available and the presence of the radiological features was decided by consensus.

Active pulmonary tuberculosis: something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue.

Tuberculosis remains a major global health issue affecting all countries and age groups. Radiology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This review aims to improve understanding and diagnostic value of imaging in PTB.

Student interest, concerns, and information-seeking behaviors related to COVID-19.

COVID-19 creates an opportunity for science classrooms to relate content about viruses to students' personal experiences with the pandemic. Previous researchers have shown that students are interested in crisis situations like disease outbreaks; however, they primarily acquire information about these events through internet sources which are often biased. We argue that it is important to understand student interest, concerns, and information-seeking behaviors related to COVID-19 to support science classroom learning and engagement about the virus and other potential outbreaks.

Images of the month 2: Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm formation within uterine leiomyosarcoma metastases.

We present a rare case of pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm formation in leiomyosarcoma metastases with evidence of acute bleeding and subsequent interventional radiological management.

Developing and Using Multiple Models to Promote Scientific Literacy in the Context of Socio-Scientific Issues.

Learning science in the context of socio-scientific issues (SSI) can promote scientific literacy that links science to everyday life and society. In this position paper, we argue that developing and using multiple models equip students with the appropriate knowledge and skills needed to deal with complex issues. We draw upon literature from science education and philosophy of science and advance our theoretical argument about why it is critical for students to develop and use multiple models as part of their science learning experiences in general, and how the practice benefits students in the context of SSI in particular.

Cross-level analysis of molecular and neurobehavioral function in a prospective series of patients with germline heterozygous PTEN mutations with and without autism.

Background: PTEN is a well-established risk gene for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, little is known about how PTEN mutations and associated molecular processes influence neurobehavioral function in mutation carriers with (PTEN-ASD) and without ASD (PTEN no-ASD). The primary aim of the present study was to examine group differences in peripheral blood-derived PTEN pathway protein levels between PTEN-ASD, PTEN no-ASD, and idiopathic macrocephalic ASD patients (macro-ASD).