Message development for a communication campaign to support health warning labels on cigars: a qualitative study.

Background: Communication campaigns for health warning labels (HWLs) are an evidence-based strategy to reduce tobacco use. No research has examined campaign messages to support graphic HWLs for little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs).

Methods: We developed four message types for graphic LCC HWLs: (1) Explanatory (2) Testimonial (3) Inquisitive and (4) Recommendation, depicting colon, lung, and esophageal cancer.

Genomic Prediction Using Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data in Australian Angus Cattle.

Whole-genome sequence (WGS) data was used to estimate genomic breeding values for growth and carcass traits in Australian Angus cattle. The study aimed to compare the accuracy and bias of genomic predictions with three marker densities, including 50K, high-density (HD) and WGS. The dataset used in this study consisted of animals born between 2013 and 2022.

Regulatory Landscape of Cannabis Warning Labels in US States with Legal Retail Nonmedical Cannabis, 2024.

To characterize regulatory practices related to nonmedical cannabis warning labels in states across the United States that have legalized retail nonmedical cannabis. In March 2024, we conducted a content analysis of regulations for nonmedical cannabis warning labels required on product packages in 20 states where, as of March 2024, adults could legally purchase nonmedical cannabis in retail environments. For each state, we examined requirements related to warning label content and characteristics.

Wanting to be "accepted and heard": Perspectives about cessation messages from LGBTQ+ individuals who dual use cigarettes and e-cigarettes.

Introduction: Dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes is especially prevalent among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) adults in the US. This is concerning as health risks of dual use may be as high or higher than exclusive smoking. We sought to learn about people who dual use and identify as LGBTQ+'s perspectives about dual use, quitting, and cessation ads.

A proinflammatory stem cell niche drives myelofibrosis through a targetable galectin-1 axis.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms are stem cell-driven cancers associated with a large burden of morbidity and mortality. Most patients present with early-stage disease, but a substantial proportion progress to myelofibrosis or secondary leukemia, advanced cancers with a poor prognosis and high symptom burden. Currently, it remains difficult to predict progression, and therapies that reliably prevent or reverse fibrosis are lacking.

Hematopoietic stem cell heterogeneity and age-associated platelet bias are evolutionarily conserved.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reconstitute multilineage human hematopoiesis after clinical bone marrow (BM) transplantation and are the cells of origin of some hematological malignancies. Although HSCs provide multilineage engraftment, individual murine HSCs are lineage biased and contribute unequally to blood cell lineages. Here, we performed high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing in mice after xenograft with molecularly barcoded adult human BM HSCs.

Examining the influence of cigar and cannabis co-marketing on packaging perceptions: An experiment with a sample of US youth.

Significance: Cigars are sometimes marketed with cannabis references because they are often used for smoking blunts (i.e., cannabis rolled in cigar paper with or without tobacco).

Analysis of the genetic variance of fibre diameter measured along the wool staple for use as a potential indicator of resilience in sheep.

Background: The effects of environmental disturbances on livestock are often observed indirectly through the variability patterns of repeated performance records over time. Sheep are frequently exposed to diverse extensive environments but currently lack appropriate measures of resilience (or sensitivity) towards environmental disturbance. In this study, random regression models were used to analyse repeated records of the fibre diameter of wool taken along the wool staple (bundle of wool fibres) to investigate how the genetic and environmental variance of fibre diameter changes with different growing environments.

Structural basis for VLDLR recognition by eastern equine encephalitis virus.

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is the most virulent alphavirus that infects humans, and many survivors develop neurological sequelae, including paralysis and intellectual disability. Alphavirus spike proteins comprise trimers of heterodimers of glycoproteins E2 and E1 that mediate binding to cellular receptors and fusion of virus and host cell membranes during entry. We recently identified very-low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) as cellular receptors for EEEV and a distantly related alphavirus, Semliki Forest virus (SFV).

The Role of Harm Visibility for Pictorial Health Warning Labels on Cigars.

Introduction: Pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) can communicate the harms of tobacco product use, yet little research exists for cigars. We sought to identify the most effective types of images to pair with newly developed cigar HWLs.

Aims And Methods: In September 2021, we conducted an online survey experiment with US adults who reported using little cigars, cigarillos, or large cigars in the past 30 days (n = 753).

Is repeated mistake-making an effective treatment strategy for perfectionism? Findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: Perfectionism has been linked to self-criticism, procrastination, and psychological disorders. In a previous study, an exposure-based treatment for perfectionism (ETP), which included exposures targeted at concern over mistakes, showed positive outcomes when compared to waitlist. The aim of this study was to further investigate ETP by comparing it to a stress-management condition and assessing durability of treatment effects by conducting a one-month follow-up assessment.

Serogroup B Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Older Adults Identified by Genomic Surveillance, England, 2022-2023.

We report a cluster of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease identified via genomic surveillance in older adults in England and describe the public health responses. Genomic surveillance is critical for supporting public health investigations and detecting the growing threat of serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis infections in older adults.

Analysis of Candy Tobacco Imitation Products Available Online in the United States.

Introduction: Youth tobacco use remains a critical public health concern, and childhood use of candy tobacco imitation products (CTIP) is associated with cigarette use among youth. However, no research has examined the full extent of CTIP available for purchase in the United States.

Aims And Methods: We conducted a content analysis of CTIP available on English-language, US-based websites.

Unconventional human CD61 pairing with CD103 promotes TCR signaling and antigen-specific T cell cytotoxicity.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, leading to increased interest in utilizing immunotherapy strategies for better cancer treatments. In the past decade, CD103 T cells have been associated with better clinical prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the specific immune mechanisms contributing toward CD103-mediated protective immunity remain unclear.

Short communication: Accuracy of whole-genome sequence imputation in Angus cattle using within-breed and multi breed reference populations.

Genotype imputation is a standard approach used in the field of genetics. It can be used to fill in missing genotypes or to increase genotype density. Accurate imputed genotypes are required for downstream analyses.

Qualitative perspective on nicotine pouches from adults who smoke cigarettes in North Carolina.

Background: Little is known about how nicotine pouch products are perceived by people who smoke, including if they are perceived as a cessation aid or a substitute for when they cannot smoke. We qualitatively investigated the reactions and perceptions about On!, a leading brand of nicotine pouches.

Methods: We conducted online semistructured interviews with 30 adults who smoke cigarettes.

Exploring genetic variation in potential indicators of resilience in sheep using fibre diameter measured along the wool staple.

Production animals are increasingly exposed to a wide variety of disturbances that can compromise their productivity, health and well-being. As a result, there is a growing need to be able to select animals that are more resilient to environmental disturbances. Fibre diameter variation measured along a wool staple is expected to contain information about how resilient sheep are to the disturbances of their internal and external environment.

Validation of reaction norm breeding values for robustness in Australian sheep.

Background: There can be variation between animals in how stable their genetic merit is across different environments due to genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions. This variation could be used in breeding programs to select robust genotypes that combine high overall performance with stable genetic ranking across environments. There have been few attempts to validate breeding values for robustness in livestock, although this is a necessary step towards their implementation in selection decisions.

Chromothripsis orchestrates leukemic transformation in blast phase MPN through targetable amplification of .

Chromothripsis, the process of catastrophic shattering and haphazard repair of chromosomes, is a common event in cancer. Whether chromothripsis might constitute an actionable molecular event amenable to therapeutic targeting remains an open question. We describe recurrent chromothripsis of chromosome 21 in a subset of patients in blast phase of a myeloproliferative neoplasm (BP-MPN), which alongside other structural variants leads to amplification of a region of chromosome 21 in ∼25% of patients ('chr21amp').

Informing the use of a supplementary immunisation programme for the management of a community cluster of invasive meningococcal disease, Yorkshire, 2022.

Objectives: To outline the management of a community cluster of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases, including key factors for decision making and the choice and implementation of control measures.

Study Design: Descriptive report of cluster management.

Methods: Subtyping of IMD cases identified a number of potentially linked cases in a defined geographical area.