Radiomics of Periprostatic Fat and Tumor Lesion Based on MRI Predicts the Pathological Upgrading of Prostate Cancer from Biopsy to Radical Prostatectomy.

Rationale And Objectives: To assess the predictive value of MRI-based radiomics of periprostatic fat (PPF) and tumor lesions for predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading from biopsy to radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A total of 314 patients with pathologically confirmed prostate cancer (PCa) after radical prostatectomy (RP) were included in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 157) and the validating cohort (n = 157) in a 1:1 ratio.

Sodium oligomannate disrupts the adherence of Rib bacteria to gut epithelia to block SAA-triggered Th1 inflammation in 5XFAD transgenic mice.

Sodium oligomannate (GV-971), an oligosaccharide drug approved in China for treating mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), was previously found to recondition the gut microbiota and limit altered peripheral Th1 immunity in AD transgenic mice. As a follow-up study, we here made advances by pinpointing a Lactobacillus murinus (L.m.

Myocardial Fibrosis Assessment at 3-T versus 5-T Myocardial Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI: Early Results.

Background Cardiac MRI at 5 T has recently become available and potentially improves tissue contrast enhancement at gadolinium chelate-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of 5-T myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI in assessing myocardial fibrosis by comparing image quality and LGE quantification with reference-standard 3-T myocardial LGE MRI. Materials and Methods Consecutive patients with confirmed myocardial fibrosis on previous 3-T MRI scans between January 2023 and July 2023 prospectively underwent follow-up imaging from August 2023 to November 2023.

Differentiable modeling and optimization of non-aqueous Li-based battery electrolyte solutions using geometric deep learning.

Electrolytes play a critical role in designing next-generation battery systems, by allowing efficient ion transfer, preventing charge transfer, and stabilizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces. In this work, we develop a differentiable geometric deep learning (GDL) model for chemical mixtures, DiffMix, which is applied in guiding robotic experimentation and optimization towards fast-charging battery electrolytes. In particular, we extend mixture thermodynamic and transport laws by creating GDL-learnable physical coefficients.

Mucosal adenovirus vaccine boosting elicits IgA and durably prevents XBB.1.16 infection in nonhuman primates.

A mucosal route of vaccination could prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication at the site of infection and limit transmission. We compared protection against heterologous XBB.1.

Impact of extramedullary multiple myeloma on outcomes with idecabtagene vicleucel.

Idecabtagene vicleucel (Ide-cel) has demonstrated excellent efficacy and durable responses in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, the outcomes with ide-cel in patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) remain incompletely characterized. We included patients with RRMM treated with ide-cel between May 2021 and April 2023 across 11 US academic institutions.

Protocol to develop a moisture-desorptive passive cooling system for electronics thermal management.

Passive thermal management with zero-energy consumption and high compactness has drawn increasing attention. Here, we present a protocol to develop a hygroscopic salt-loaded heat sink with a moisture-permeable membrane encapsulation technique for electronics cooling. We describe steps for preparing lithium bromide solution and heat sink with anti-corrosion graphene coating.

The application value of a vendor-specific deep learning image reconstruction algorithm in "triple low" head and neck computed tomography angiography.

Background: Head and neck computed tomography angiography (CTA) technology has become the noninvasive imaging method of choice for the diagnosis and long-term follow-up of vascular lesions of the head and neck. However, issues of radiation safety and contrast nephropathy associated with CTA examinations remain concerns. In recent years, deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithms have been increasingly used in clinical studies, demonstrating their potential for dose optimization.

Meta-analysis with systematic review to synthesize associations between oral health related quality of life and anxiety and depression.

Objectives: The present systematic review aimed to investigate how oral health related quality of life (OHQOL) associates with anxiety and depression. The study protocol was registered prospectively in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023389372).

Materials And Methods: Studies investigating associations between OHQOL and depression and/or anxiety were included.

Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization by two-dimensional PtTe/WTe van der Waals heterostructures with high spin Hall conductivity.

The key challenge of spin-orbit torque applications lies in exploring an excellent spin source capable of generating out-of-plane spins while exhibiting high spin Hall conductivity. Here we combine PtTe for high spin conductivity and WTe for low crystal symmetry to satisfy the above requirements. The PtTe/WTe bilayers exhibit a high in-plane spin Hall conductivity σ ≈ 2.

Sestrin2 maintains hepatic immune homeostasis and redox balance partially via inhibiting RIPK3-mediated necroptosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background & Aims: Necroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, is intricately associated with inflammatory response. Currently, most studies focus on the activation of necroptosis, while the mechanisms underlying the negative regulation of necroptosis remain poorly understood.

Methods: The effects of sestrin2 (SESN2) overexpression or knockdown on the regulation of necroptosis were assessed in the TNFα/Smac-mimetic/Z-VAD-FMK (T/S/Z)-induced necroptosis model and palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipotoxicity model.

Dual Antiplatelet Treatment up to 72 Hours after Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Dual antiplatelet treatment has been shown to lower the risk of recurrent stroke as compared with aspirin alone when treatment is initiated early (≤24 hours) after an acute mild stroke. The effect of clopidogrel plus aspirin as compared with aspirin alone administered within 72 hours after the onset of acute cerebral ischemia from atherosclerosis has not been well studied.

Methods: In 222 hospitals in China, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-by-two factorial trial involving patients with mild ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) of presumed atherosclerotic cause who had not undergone thrombolysis or thrombectomy.

Tuberculous Meningitis or Neurosarcoidosis-a Diagnostic Quandary. From the National Multiple Sclerosis Society Case Conference Proceedings.

Distinguishing granulomatous diseases remains diagnostically challenging. Clinical phenotypes and neuroimaging findings resemble many infectious and noninfectious disorders. We describe a Hispanic/Latino man diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis who deteriorated neurologically after treatments.

Dietary fish oil enriched in very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid reduces cardiometabolic risk factors and improves retinal function.

Very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs; C24-38) constitute a unique class of PUFA that have important biological roles, but the lack of a suitable dietary source has limited research in this field. We produced an n-3 C24-28-rich VLCPUFA-oil concentrated from fish oil to study its bioavailability and physiological functions in C57BL/6J mice. The serum and retinal C24:5 levels increased significantly compared to control after a single-dose gavage, and VLCPUFAs were incorporated into the liver, brain, and eyes after 8-week supplementation.

A gB nanoparticle vaccine elicits a protective neutralizing antibody response against EBV.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a global public health concern, as it is known to cause multiple diseases while also being etiologically associated with a wide range of epithelial and lymphoid malignancies. Currently, there is no available prophylactic vaccine against EBV. gB is the EBV fusion protein that mediates viral membrane fusion and participates in host recognition, making it critical for EBV infection in both B cells and epithelial cells.

Real-Time Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Infection by Convolution Neural Network During White-Light Endoscopy: A Prospective, Multicenter Study (With Video).

Introduction: Convolutional neural network during endoscopy may facilitate evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection without obtaining gastric biopsies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnosis accuracy of a computer-aided decision support system for H. pylori infection (CADSS-HP) based on convolutional neural network under white-light endoscopy.