US-Guided Thermal Ablation for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background Interest in microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) use for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is rising; however, ablation outcomes in patients with SHPT are not well characterized. Purpose To assess the response of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels to US-guided parathyroid MWA and RFA and the safety of these treatments in participants with SHPT. Materials and Methods This prospective multicenter cohort study, conducted from September 2017 to March 2022, included participants with SHPT.

A feasibility study of using virtual noncontrast images synthesized from dual-energy computed tomography for radiotherapy treatment planning.

Background: In the traditional computed tomography (CT) simulation process, patients need to undergo CT scans before and after injection of iodine-based contrast agent, resulting in a cumbersome workflow and additional imaging dose. Contrast-enhanced spectral CT can synthesize true contrast-enhanced (TCE) images and virtual noncontrast (VNC) images in a single scan without geometric misalignment. To improve work efficiency and reduce patients' imaging dose, we studied the feasibility of using VNC images for radiotherapy treatment planning, with true noncontrast (TNC) images as references and explored its dosimetric advantages compared to using TCE images.

Cryoballoon Pulmonary Vein Isolation With Versus Without Additional Right Atrial Linear Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: The CRALAL Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone is less effective in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with those with paroxysmal AF. We investigate whether additional linear ablation from the superior vena cava to the right atrial septum and cavotricuspid isthmus ablation improves the rhythm outcome of patients with persistent AF undergoing cryoballoon PVI (Cryo-PVI).

Methods: In this investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized clinical trial, 289 patients with persistent AF refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy were randomized 1:1 to either Cryo-PVI with additional right atrium (RA) linear ablation or Cryo-PVI alone.

Diagnostic Accuracy and Value of CXCR4-targeted PET/MRI Using Ga-Pentixafor for Tumor Localization in Cushing Disease.

Background Gallium 68 (Ga) pentixafor has emerged as a potential C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-targeted radiotracer for neuroendocrine tumor, yet its application in Cushing disease remains uncertain. Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy and value of Ga-pentixafor PET/MRI in localizing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors in Cushing disease. Materials and Methods A prospective single-center study was conducted from March 2023 to February 2024 in participants with Cushing disease scheduled for surgical pituitary tumor resection.

Feasibility of Sub-milliSievert Low-dose Computed Tomography with Deep Learning Image Reconstruction in Evaluating Pulmonary Subsolid Nodules: A Prospective Intra-individual Comparison Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To comprehensively assess the feasibility of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) using deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) for evaluating pulmonary subsolid nodules, which are challenging due to their susceptibility to noise.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing both standard-dose CT (SDCT) and LDCT between March and June 2023 were prospectively enrolled. LDCT images were reconstructed with high-strength DLIR (DLIR-H), medium-strength DLIR (DLIR-M), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V level 50% (ASIR-V-50%), and filtered back projection (FBP); SDCT with FBP as the reference standard.

Spatiotemporal modeling of molecular holograms.

Quantifying spatiotemporal dynamics during embryogenesis is crucial for understanding congenital diseases. We developed Spateo (https://github.com/aristoteleo/spateo-release), a 3D spatiotemporal modeling framework, and applied it to a 3D mouse embryogenesis atlas at E9.

A blood-based biomarker panel for non-invasive diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The current diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its severe form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is suboptimal. Here, we recruited 700 individuals, including 184 from Hong Kong as a discovery cohort and 516 from San Diego, Wenzhou, and Hong Kong as three validation cohorts. A panel of 3 parameters (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10], cytokeratin 18 fragments M30 [CK-18], and adjusted body mass index [BMI]) was formulated (termed N3-MASH), which discriminated patients with MASLD from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.

A Nomogram for the Prediction of Invasiveness in Invasive Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma on the Basis of Multimodal PET/CT Parameters.

Objective: We investigated the value of PET/CT-based multimodal parameters in predicting the degree of differentiation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ILA) and assessed the correlation between PET/CT-based multimodal parameters and Ki67.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 113 patients with ILA who underwent PET/CT examination, and differences in PET/CT multimodal parameters between different differentiation groups were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to establish a multiparameter model for predicting EGFR mutation, and ROC curve was used to compare the diagnostic efficiency.

MicroRNA-27a-5p Downregulates Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Human Dental Pulp Cells via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

MicroRNA-27a-5p (miR-27a-5p) was significantly upregulated in dental pulp inflammation, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of miR-27a-5p on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS-stimulated hDPCs showed concurrent increases in the expression of miR-27a-5p and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and MCP1), and the increased expression was suppressed by NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-0785.

Plug-and-play protein biosensors using aptamer-regulated in vitro transcription.

Molecular biosensors that accurately measure protein concentrations without external equipment are critical for solving numerous problems in diagnostics and therapeutics. Modularly transducing the binding of protein antibodies, protein switches or aptamers into a useful output remains challenging. Here, we develop a biosensing platform based on aptamer-regulated transcription in which aptamers integrated into transcription templates serve as inputs to molecular circuits that can be programmed to a produce a variety of responses.

Bronchoscopy-Guided High-Power Microwave Ablation in an in vivo Porcine Lung Model.

Introduction: Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) is clinically accepted for the treatment of lung tumors and oligometastatic disease. Bronchoscopic MWA is under development and evaluation in the clinical setting. We previously reported on the development of a bronchoscopy-guided MWA system integrated with clinical virtual bronchoscopy and navigation and demonstrated the feasibility of transbronchial MWA, using a maximum power of 60 W at the catheter input.

Oxytocin Attenuates Sympathetic Innervation with Inhibition of Cardiac Mast Cell Degranulation in Rats after Myocardial Infarction.

Sympathetic hyperinnervation is the leading cause of fatal ventricular arrhythmia (VA) after myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac mast cells cause arrhythmias directly through degranulation. However, the role and mechanism of mast cell degranulation in sympathetic remodeling remain unknown.

[Construction and application of sepsis bundle therapy management and practice program].

Objective: To construct a bundled therapy management and practice program for sepsis and explore its clinical application effect.

Methods: (1) Construction of sepsis bundled therapy management and practice program: a project team was established to conduct literature review, select experts, compile and distribute questionnaires, organize, analyze expert opinions, and ensure quality control throughout the research process. From October to November 2022, expert letter consultation was carried out, and questionnaires were distributed and collected by on-site filling and WeChat.

The Morphologic Patella Entry Point Into the Proximal Trochlea Is More Lateral in Recurrent Dislocators Than Controls as Measured by Entry Point-Trochlear Groove Angle.

Purpose: To create a metric for evaluating the degree of laterality of the patella's entry into the trochlea, the entry point-trochlear groove (EP-TG) angle, and to evaluate if this laterality is associated with recurrent patella instability.

Methods: The time frame of the study was January 2020 to February 2023. The inclusion criteria were patients treated by the senior author (J.

Three-year outcomes of valoctocogene roxaparvovec gene therapy for hemophilia A.

Background: Valoctocogene roxaparvovec transfers a human factor (F)VIII coding sequence into hepatocytes of people with severe hemophilia A to provide bleeding protection.

Objectives: To present 3-year efficacy and safety in the multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 3 GENEr8-1 trial.

Methods: GENEr8-1 enrolled 134 adult males with severe hemophilia A who were receiving FVIII prophylaxis.

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fesomersen, a novel antisense inhibitor of factor XI, in healthy Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian volunteers.

The inhibition of coagulation factor XI (FXI) presents an attractive approach for anticoagulation as it is not expected to increase the risk of clinically relevant bleeding and is anticipated to be at least as effective as currently available anticoagulants. Fesomersen is a conjugated antisense oligonucleotide that selectively inhibits the expression of FXI. The article describes three clinical studies that investigated the safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of fesomersen after subcutaneous (s.

PD-L1 mRNA derived from tumor-educated platelets as a potential immunotherapy biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To date, the role of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) has not been well investigated in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A few reports have examined whether mRNA in TEPs can predict the clinical responses of patients with advanced NSCLC following immunotherapy. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to improve the clinical benefits and outcomes of NSCLC patients.

Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in healthy Chinese volunteers treated with SC0062, a highly selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist.

This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and food effects (FE) of SC0062, a highly active endothelin-A (ET ) receptor antagonist, in healthy subjects. The primary objectives of this first-in-human phase I study, comprised of single-ascending-dose, multiple-ascending-dose, and FE parts, were to characterize the safety and tolerability of SC0062, and FE. The secondary objectives were to determine the PK behavior of SC0062 and its major active metabolite M18, whereas exploratory objectives focused on PD effects, principally effects on endothelin-1 (ET-1) and total bile acids (TBA).

A rigorous benchmarking of alignment-based HLA typing algorithms for RNA-seq data.

Accurate identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles is essential for various clinical and research applications, such as transplant matching and drug sensitivities. Recent advances in RNA-seq technology have made it possible to impute HLA types from sequencing data, spurring the development of a large number of computational HLA typing tools. However, the relative performance of these tools is unknown, limiting the ability for clinical and biomedical research to make informed choices regarding which tools to use.