Maternal history of Alzheimer's disease predisposes to altered serum cholesterol levels in adult offspring.

Controversial findings regarding the association between serum cholesterol levels and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been identified through observational studies. The genetic basis shared by both factors and the causality between them remain largely unknown. The objective of this study is to examine the causal impact of maternal history of AD on changes in serum cholesterol levels in adult offspring.

Causal link between gut microbiota and osteoporosis analyzed via Mendelian randomization.

Objective: Osteoporosis (OP) is closely associated with gut microbiota (GM), yet the nature of their causal relationship remains elusive. Therefore, this study aims to reverse causality between GM and OP by using population cohorts and two-sample MR (TSMR) analysis.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we conducted an extensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) using publicly accessible summary statistics data for GM and OP.

No causal association between allergic rhinitis and migraine: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and migraine are among the most common public health problems worldwide. Observational studies on the correlation between AR and migraine have reported inconsistent results. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship of AR with migraine and its subtypes, including migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO).

Genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines and the risk of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer: a bidirectional mendelian-randomization study.

Epidemiological research has established associations between various inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of oral cancer and oropharyngeal cancer (OCPC). We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to systematically investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and OCPC. We performed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis using OCPC from 12 studies (6,034 cases and 6,585 controls) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) results for 41 serum cytokines from 8,293 Finns, respectively.

Causal relationships between peripheral immune cells and Alzheimer's disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Previous research suggests that peripheral immune cells may play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study aims to determine if the composition of peripheral immune cells directly contributes to the occurrence of AD.

Methods: We utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to examine the association between peripheral immune cells and AD.

Exploring the causal role of multiple metabolites on ovarian cancer: a two sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The mechanisms and risk factors underlying ovarian cancer (OC) remain under investigation, making the identification of new prognostic biomarkers and improved predictive factors critically important. Recently, circulating metabolites have shown potential in predicting survival outcomes and may be associated with the pathogenesis of OC. However, research into their genetic determinants is limited, and there are some inadequacies in understanding the distinct subtypes of OC.

Causal association between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease are both common life-threatening diseases in the elderly population. Some studies suggest a possible inverse relationship between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease, but real-world research is subject to many biases. We hope to clarify the causal relationship between the two through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Exploring the intestinal ecosystem: from gut microbiota to associations with subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective: Significant differences have been discovered between subtypes of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The role of gut microbiota in promoting the onset of UC and CD is established, but conclusions regarding subtype-specific analyses remain limited.

Methods: This study aims to explore the influence of gut microbiota on subtypes of UC and CD, offering novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of UC and CD.

Development and Validation of Clinical-Radiomics Nomogram for Preoperative Prediction of Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: This investigation sought to create and verify a nomogram utilizing ultrasound radiomics and crucial clinical features to preoperatively identify central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: We enrolled 1069 patients with PTC between January 2022 and January 2023. All patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 748) and a validation cohort (n = 321).

Effect of statins on sepsis and inflammatory factors: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: As inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), statins can reduce the synthesis of low-density lipoptrotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and are clinically used as first-line lipid-lowering drugs to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of statins on sepsis is controversial. Therefore, we intend to explore the effects of statins on sepsis and inflammatory factors through Mendelian randomization (MR).

Causal relationships between type 1 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous compelling evidence suggests an association between Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and neurodegenerative diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exerts a causal influence on the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Consequently, this study employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between T1DM and the genetic susceptibility to AD and PD.

Investigation of causal relationships between cortical structure and osteoporosis using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

The mutual interaction between bone characteristics and brain had been reported previously, yet whether the cortical structure has any relevance to osteoporosis is questionable. Therefore, we applied a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate this relationship. We utilized the bone mineral density measurements of femoral neck (n = 32,735) and lumbar spine (n = 28,498) and data on osteoporosis (7300 cases and 358,014 controls).

The Effects of Light Therapy on Sleep, Depression, Neuropsychiatric Behaviors, and Cognition Among People Living With Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: Alterations in the suprachiasmatic nucleus due to underlying pathologies disrupt the circadian rhythms in people living with dementia (PLWD). Circadian rhythms significantly impact sleep, emotional, and cognitive functions, with its synchronization depending on light exposure. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of light therapy on sleep, depression, neuropsychiatric behaviors, and cognition among PLWD.

Associations of fatty acids with the risk of biliary tract calculus and inflammation: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The presence of gallstones in both the gallbladder and bile ducts is referred to as cholelithiasis. The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis and bile duct stones differs. Observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have elucidated the significant contributing role of numerous fatty acids (FAs) in the development of cholelithiasis.

The causal effects between gut microbiota and hemorrhagic stroke: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent studies have suggested that the composition of gut microbiota (GM) may change after intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the causal inference of GM and hemorrhagic stroke is unknown. Mendelian Randomization (MR) is an effective research method that removes confounding factors and investigates the causal relationship between exposure and outcome.

Evaluation of the causal effects of blood metabolites on irritable bowel syndrome: Mendelian randomization.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, discomfort, and changes in bowel habits. The mechanism underlying IBS remains unclear, and little evidence exists for clarifying the causal relationship between blood metabolites and IBS.

Methods: We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using two samples.

Olgotrelvir, a dual inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 M and cathepsin L, as a standalone antiviral oral intervention candidate for COVID-19.

Background: Oral antiviral drugs with improved antiviral potency and safety are needed to address current challenges in clinical practice for treatment of COVID-19, including the risks of rebound, drug-drug interactions, and emerging resistance.

Methods: Olgotrelvir (STI-1558) is designed as a next-generation antiviral targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M), an essential enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 replication, and human cathepsin L (CTSL), a key enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells.

Findings: Olgotrelvir is a highly bioavailable oral prodrug that is converted in plasma to its active form, AC1115.

Pregnancy rate and outcomes after uterine artery embolization for women: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Objective: The assessment of the relative impacts of uterine artery embolization (UAE) treatment for female patients is a critical field that informs clinical decisions, yet there is a noticeable scarcity of high-quality, long-term comparative studies. This meta-analysis aimed to focus on the pregnancy rate and outcomes in female patients following UAE and to conduct subgroup analyses based on different patient populations or various control treatments.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on 2 August 2023 through the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library of Clinical Trials for all potential studies.

Evidence for genetic causal relationships between gut microbiome, metabolites, and myasthenia gravis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease observed to have connections with gut microbiome. We aimed to systematically assess the causal relationships between gut microbiome, gut microbiome-derived metabolites, and MG using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: Summary-level genetic datasets from large-scale genome-wide association studies regarding 196 gut microbial taxa from the MiBioGen consortium (n=18,340), 72 derived metabolites from the TwinsUK and KORA studies (n=7,824), and antiacetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive MG (case=1,873, control=36,370) were employed for MR causal estimates.

Identification of bidirectional causal links between gut microbiota and narcolepsy type 1 using Mendelian randomization.

Study Objectives: Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), characterized by cataplexy and orexin deficiency, is a rare and frequently debilitating neurological disorder. It has been noted to have connections with the gut microbiota, yet the exact causal relationships remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to rigorously investigate the causal links between the gut microbiota and NT1, utilizing genetic datasets from the MiBioGen consortium and FinnGen consortium, respectively.

Causal effects of potential risk factors on postpartum depression: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a type of depressive episode related to parents after childbirth, which causes a variety of symptoms not only for parents but also affects the development of children. The causal relationship between potential risk factors and PPD remains comprehensively elucidated.

Methods: Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis was conducted to screen the heritability of each instrumental variant (IV) and to calculate the genetic correlations between effective causal factors and PPD.

Causal relationship between COVID-19 and myocarditis or pericarditis risk: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background & Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is strongly associated with myocarditis or pericarditis risk in observational studies, however, there are still studies that do not support the above conclusion. Whether the observed association reflects causation needs to be confirmed. We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal relationship of COVID-19, which was divided into three groups, namely severe COVID-19, hospitalized COVID-19, and COVID-19 infection, measured by myocarditis or pericarditis.

Cheese consumption on atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and its complications: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aim: Evidence from prospective cohort studies has revealed an inverse association between cheese consumption and the development of atherosclerosis (AS), atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), and their complications. However, it remains unclear whether this observed association is influenced by potential confounding factors that may arise during the long-term development process of AS, ASCVD, and its complications. Therefore, to further clarify the causal relationship between cheese consumption and AS, ASCVD, and its complications, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal association between cheese intake and the aforementioned health outcomes.

Gut microbiota and autism spectrum disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: In recent years, observational studies have provided evidence supporting a potential association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gut microbiota. However, the causal effect of gut microbiota on ASD remains unknown.

Methods: We identified the summary statistics of 206 gut microbiota from the MiBioGen study, and ASD data were obtained from the latest Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).

Causal relationship between levels of myeloperoxidase and obstructive sleep apnea: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several observational studies have investigated the association between myeloperoxidase (MPO) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the nature of this relationship remains uncertain due to potential selection and confounding biases. To resolve this, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to scrutinize the causal relationship between MPO and OSA.