Anterior-to-Central Cartilage Defects of Arthritic Knee Showed Better Cartilage Regeneration Than Posterior Cartilage Defects Using Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation.

Purpose: To analyze cartilage regeneration and clinical outcomes after human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSCs) implantation on the basis of the distribution and location of medial femoral condyle (MFC) cartilage defects.

Methods: Patients who underwent hUCB-MSC implantation for MFC cartilage defects involved in isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis were included. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those with MFC defects located within the anterior-central portion (group A) and those with MFC defects extending to the posterior portion (group P).

Comparative phylogenomic study of East Asian endemic genus, Corchoropsis Siebold & Zucc. (Malvaceae s.l.), based on complete plastome sequences.

Background: Endemic plants are key to understanding the evolutionary history and enhancing biodiversity within their unique regions, while also offering significant economic potential. The East Asian endemic genus Corchoropsis Siebold & Zucc., classified within the subfamily Dombeyoideae of Malvaceae s.

Automated Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus Diagnosis via Artificial Intelligence-Based 3D T1 MRI Volumetric Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is reversible dementia, that is underdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated diagnostic method for iNPH using artificial intelligence techniques with a T1-weighted MRI scan.

Materials And Methods: We quantified iNPH, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and healthy control patients on T1-weighted 3D brain MRI scans using 452 scans for training and 110 scans for testing.

Megastudy shows that reminders boost vaccination but adding free rides does not.

Encouraging routine COVID-19 vaccinations is likely to be a crucial policy challenge for decades to come. To avert hundreds of thousands of unnecessary hospitalizations and deaths, adoption will need to be higher than it was in the autumn of 2022 or 2023, when less than one-fifth of Americans received booster vaccines. One approach to encouraging vaccination is to eliminate the friction of transportation hurdles.

M(II) effect on encapsulation of guests into a series of ML chiral cages: enantio-recognition.

Self-assembly of M(ClO) (M = Ni, Cu, and Zn) with (1,1',1'',2,2',2'')-(benzenetricarbonyltris(azanediyl))tris(2,3-dihydro-1-indene-2,1-diyl) trinicotinate (,-L) and the corresponding enantiomer (,-L) as a pair of chiral tridentate donors gives rise to the chiral cage pairs [M(,- and ,-L)](ClO). For the two pairs of [(MeCO)(HO)@M(,- and ,-L)](ClO) (M = Ni and Zn), the inner cavity is occupied by both an acetone and a single water molecule, whereas for the copper(II) pair of [MeCO@Cu(,- and ,-L)](ClO) under the same conditions, the cavity is filled by only one acetone molecule. Thus, the encapsulation of guest molecules into the cages during self-assembly shows significant metal(II) ion effects.

Self-assembly of Ni(II) with a chiral ligand pair . mixture of the chiral ligand pair: structural features and recognition ability of NiL cages.

The self-assembly of NiCl with a chiral bidentate ligand pair, (1,2)-(+)- and (1,2)-(-)-1-(nicotinamido)-2,3-dihydro-1-inden-2-yl nicotinate (,-L and ,-L) in a mixture of ethanol and dioxane, gives rise to stable crystals consisting of [2Cl@NiCl(,-L)(HO)]·4CHO·EtOH and [2Cl@NiCl(,-L)(HO)]·4CHO·EtOH chiral cages, respectively, with two encapsulated chloride anions in the cavities. The most interesting feature is that the self-assembly of NiCl with the mixture of ,-L and ,-L (1 : 1-1 : 4) produces crystals of thermodynamically stable achiral cages, [2Cl·2HO@NiCl(,-L)(,-L)(HO)]·7CHO, in the molar ratio range. Furthermore, the [2Cl@NiCl(,-L)(HO)]·4CHO·EtOH and [2Cl@NiCl(,-L)(HO)]·4CHO·EtOH chiral crystals can recognize the pairs of L-,D-tryptophan and L-,D-cysteine cyclic voltammetry (CV) signals, in contrast to the [2Cl·2HO@NiCl(,-L)(,-L)(HO)]·7CHO achiral crystal.

Benefit, recurrence pattern, and toxicity to adjuvant anti-PD-1 monotherapy varies by ethnicity and melanoma subtype: An international multicenter cohort study.

Background: Anti-Program-Death-1 (PD-1) is a standard adjuvant therapy for patients with resected melanoma. We hypothesized that there are discrepancies in survival, recurrence pattern and toxicity to adjuvant PD-1 between different ethnicities and melanoma subtypes.

Objective: We performed a multicenter cohort study incorporating 6 independent institutions in Australia, China, Japan, and the United States.

First-in-class MKK4 inhibitors enhance liver regeneration and prevent liver failure.

Diminished hepatocyte regeneration is a key feature of acute and chronic liver diseases and after extended liver resections, resulting in the inability to maintain or restore a sufficient functional liver mass. Therapies to restore hepatocyte regeneration are lacking, making liver transplantation the only curative option for end-stage liver disease. Here, we report on the structure-based development and characterization (nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectroscopy) of first-in-class small molecule inhibitors of the dual-specificity kinase MKK4 (MKK4i).

Improving CNV Detection Performance in Microarray Data Using a Machine Learning-Based Approach.

Copy number variation (CNV) is a primary source of structural variation in the human genome, leading to several disorders. Therefore, analyzing neonatal CNVs is crucial for managing CNV-related chromosomal disabilities. However, genomic waves can hinder accurate CNV analysis.

Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus anti-PD-1 monotherapy as adjuvant therapy in V600-mutant stage III melanoma after definitive surgery: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Both dabrafenib/trametinib (D/T) and anti-PD-1 monotherapy (PD-1) are approved adjuvant therapies for patients with stage III V600-mutant melanoma. However, there is still a lack of head-to-head comparative data. We aimed to describe efficacy and toxicity outcomes for these two standard therapies across melanoma centers.

Deep learning-based k-space-to-image reconstruction and super resolution for diffusion-weighted imaging in whole-spine MRI.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of deep learning (DL)-based k-space-to-image reconstruction and super resolution for whole-spine diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Method: This retrospective study included 97 consecutive patients with hematologic and/or oncologic diseases who underwent DL-processed whole-spine MRI from July 2022 to March 2023. For each patient, conventional (CONV) axial single-shot echo-planar DWI (b = 50, 800 s/mm) was performed, followed by DL reconstruction and super resolution processing.

Formation Process of SiF@CuL Chiral Cage Pairs in a Glass Vessel: Catechol Oxidation Catalysis and Chiral Recognition.

Self-assembly of CuX (X = BF, PF, and SbF) with a pair of chiral bidentate ligands, (12)-(+)- and (12)-(-)-1-(nicotinamido)-2,3-dihydro-1-inden-2-yl-nicotinate (-L or -L), in a mixture solvent including ethanol in a glass vessel gives rise to SiF-encapsulated CuL chiral cage products. The SiF anion from the reaction of X with SiO of the glass-vessel surface acts as a cage template or cage bridge. One of the products, [SiF@Cu(SiF)(-L)]·3CHCl·4EtOH, is one of the most effective heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of 3,5-di--butylcatechol.

Hema-seq reveals genomic aberrations in a rare simultaneous occurrence of hematological malignancies.

Co-occurrence of multiple myeloma and acute myelogenous leukemia is rare, with both malignancies often tracing back to multipotent hematopoietic stem cells. Cytogenetic techniques are the established baseline for diagnosis and characterization of complex hematological malignancies. In this study, we develop a workflow called Hema-seq to delineate clonal changes across various hematopoietic lineages through the integration of whole-genome sequencing, copy-number variations, cell morphology, and cytogenetic aberrations.

Barcoded multiple displacement amplification for high coverage sequencing in spatial genomics.

Determining mutational landscapes in a spatial context is essential for understanding genetically heterogeneous cell microniches. Current approaches, such as Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA), offer high genome coverage but limited multiplexing, which hinders large-scale spatial genomic studies. Here, we introduce barcoded MDA (bMDA), a technique that achieves high-coverage genomic analysis of low-input DNA while enhancing the multiplexing capabilities.

Quantification of Synovial Fluid Using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting Multicomponent Imaging in the Articular Cartilage of the Knee.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify the feasibility of magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF)-derived synovial fluid fraction (SFF) mapping for quantifying subvoxel-sized cartilage defects.

Materials And Methods: MRF was performed on a 3-Tesla scanner and used to derive T2 and SFF maps. An ex vivo experiment was performed using bovine bone; different numbers of holes (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) were drilled separately on the articular surface, and SFF values were compared among the drilled areas.

Menopausal hormone therapy and change in physical activity in the Women's Health Initiative hormone therapy clinical trials.

Objective: The menopausal transition results in a progressive decrease in circulating estrogen levels. Experimental evidence in rodents has indicated that estrogen depletion leads to a reduction of energy expenditure and physical activity. It is unclear whether treatment with estrogen therapy increases physical activity level in postmenopausal women.

Decompression Illness in Divers With or Without Patent Foramen Ovale : A Cohort Study.

Background: In previous studies, the prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been reported to be higher in scuba divers who experienced decompression illness (DCI) than in those who did not.

Objective: To assess the association between PFO and DCI in scuba divers.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Nav1.7 is essential for nociceptor action potentials in the mouse in a manner independent of endogenous opioids.

Loss-of-function mutations in Nav1.7, a voltage-gated sodium channel, cause congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) in humans, demonstrating that Nav1.7 is essential for the perception of pain.

Pair of (Hg)L Chiral Cages and Successive Transformation into (Hg)L Chiral Cages: Chiral DOPA Recognition via Chiral Cages.

Self-assembly of Hg(ClO) with a pair of -symmetric chiral ligands, (1,1',1″,2,2',2″)-(benzenetricarbonyltris(azanediyl))tris(2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diyl)trinicotinate (,-L) and (1,1',1″,2,2',2″)-(benzenetricarbonyltris(azanediyl))tris(2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diyl)trinicotinate (,-L), produces a pair of chiral cages CHO@[(Hg)(ClO)(,-L)(HO)](CHO) and CHO@[(Hg)(ClO)(,-L)(HO)](CHO), respectively, via straightforward formation of the reduced Hg species with an inner cavity in which a single dioxane molecule is nestled. The pair of chiral cages are transformed into their downsized pair of cages, [Hg(ClO)(,-L)] and [Hg(ClO)(,-L)], respectively, in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The original chiral cages are more effective than the corresponding downsized cages for enantiorecognition of chiral 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) via the shifts of electrochemical oxidation potentials observed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) technique.