Tm4sf19 deficiency inhibits osteoclast multinucleation and prevents bone loss.

Background: Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast formation and has a unique ability to resorb bone matrix. During osteoclast differentiation, the cytoskeleton reorganization results in the generation of actin belts and eventual bone resorption. Tetraspanins are involved in adhesion, migration and fusion in various cells.

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Korean Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Enteropathy Associated with Gene: A KASID Multicenter Study.

Background/aims: Chronic enteropathy associated with gene (CEAS), an inherited disease characterized by nonspecific intestinal ulcers, has emerged in the Japanese population via loss-of-function mutations in the gene. We aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of Korean patients diagnosed with CEAS.

Methods: From July 2018 to July 2021, we performed Sanger sequencing of the gene in 46 patients with chronic intestinal ulcers.

Combined Endoscopic and Radiologic Healing Is Associated With a Better Prognosis Than Endoscopic Healing Only in Patients With Crohn's Disease Receiving Anti-TNF Therapy.

Introduction: Although endoscopic healing (EH) is recommended as the therapeutic goal in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), combined EH and radiologic healing (RH) could be a more ideal therapeutic goal considering the transmural nature of CD. We compared the prognosis of patients with CD who achieved EH, RH, both EH and RH (deep healing; DH), or no healing under treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents.

Methods: We analyzed 392 patients with CD who received anti-TNF treatment for more than 1 year and evaluated with CT enterography or magnetic resonance enterography together with colonoscopy within 3 months between July 2017 and December 2018.

Automatic Identification of Referral-Warranted Diabetic Retinopathy Using Deep Learning on Mobile Phone Images.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a deep learning algorithm in the detection of referral-warranted diabetic retinopathy (RDR) on low-resolution fundus images acquired with a smartphone and indirect ophthalmoscope lens adapter.

Methods: An automated deep learning algorithm trained on 92,364 traditional fundus camera images was tested on a dataset of smartphone fundus images from 103 eyes acquired from two previously published studies. Images were extracted from live video screenshots from fundus examinations using a commercially available lens adapter and exported as a screenshot from live video clips filmed at 1080p resolution.