Publications by authors named "S-H Ryu"
Organic dyes play a crucial role in live-cell imaging because of their advantageous properties, such as photostability and high brightness. Here we introduce a super-photostable and bright organic dye, Phoenix Fluor 555 (PF555), which exhibits an order-of-magnitude longer photobleaching lifetime than conventional organic dyes without the requirement of any anti-photobleaching additives. PF555 is an asymmetric cyanine structure in which, on one side, the indole in the conventional Cyanine-3 is substituted with 3-oxo-quinoline.
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- This study explores using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) transformed into glia-like cells (ghMSCs) to improve recovery after ischemic strokes, which cause brain damage.
- Transcriptome analysis shows that ghMSCs behave like astrocytes and demonstrate better protective and regenerative qualities against brain injury than regular hMSCs.
- In rat models, transplanting ghMSCs improved behavioral function and reduced brain damage, with their effectiveness linked to CXCR2 signaling, suggesting a potential therapy for stroke recovery by promoting neuroplasticity.
Background: Few studies have been conducted on the prevention of bile reflux in gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in preventing bile reflux after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.
Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the PEGASUS-D trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Prognosis of Proximal and Distal Vertebrobasilar Artery Stent Placement.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Vertebrobasilar artery stent placement (VBS) is used to prevent posterior circulation strokes, but little is known about the differences in outcomes based on whether the stent is placed intracranially or extracranially.
- In a study of 105 patients, those with intracranial VBS experienced significantly higher rates of in-stent restenosis (21.9% vs 4.9%) and stented-territory ischemic events (32.8% vs 7.3%) compared to those with extracranial VBS.
- The procedure for intracranial VBS took longer and had a higher rate of residual stenosis immediately after the procedure, indicating more complications associated with intracranial st
Background CT performed for various clinical indications has the potential to predict cardiometabolic diseases. However, the predictive ability of individual CT parameters remains underexplored. Purpose To evaluate the ability of automated CT-derived markers to predict diabetes and associated cardiometabolic comorbidities.
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- A study was conducted to develop deep learning algorithms for the automatic segmentation of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) lesions in patients with cerebral infarction, involving a large dataset of 8,421 patients from multiple hospitals in Korea.
- Two models, 2D UNet and SE-Unet, were trained and validated using FLAIR MRI images, with performance measured against a human-segmented gold standard using various statistical metrics.
- Results showed that while both models had good performance, the SE-Unet outperformed the UNet with higher average Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSCs) in both internal and external validations, indicating it was more reliable for WMH segmentation.
Article Synopsis
- The androgen receptor (AR) is a key target for prostate cancer treatments due to its involvement in cancer progression, but current therapies have limitations, prompting the search for new strategies.
- Researchers introduced a new AR degrader called UBX-390, which outperforms existing treatments like ARV-110 and ARCC-4 in lab studies on prostate cancer cells.
- UBX-390 effectively reduces AR activity and gene expression, showing great promise for treating patients with advanced, treatment-resistant prostate cancer.
Article Synopsis
- * Intrathecal (IT) delivery of AAV vectors can bypass some of these problems but has limitations in distribution and potential liver toxicity.
- * Researchers identified improved AAV capsids through testing in non-human primates, which demonstrated better retention in the spinal cord and lower distribution to the liver, making them promising candidates for spinal cord gene therapies compared to traditional AAV9.
Article Synopsis
- Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) showed significant improvement in patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer in the DESTINY-Gastric01 trial, with hints of benefit for those with HER2-low cancer.
- The study faced challenges due to the variability in HER2 expression and genetic alterations in gastric cancer, making it hard to identify which patients would benefit from T-DXd.
- Correlations were found between HER2-associated biomarkers in circulating tumor DNA and objective response rates, indicating potential predictors of effectiveness and the need for further research in larger cohorts.
Background: Frailty frequently coexists with hypertension in older patients. We aimed to evaluate the association between frailty and positional change in blood pressure, especially orthostatic hypertension.
Methods: Participants were recruited from 12 University hospitals in South Korea.
Photocatalytic C(sp)-H thiolation by a double S2 strategy using thiosulfonates.
Chem Commun (Camb)
December 2023
Site-selective C(sp)-H thiolation using thiosulfonates has been achieved using the decatungstate anion as a photocatalyst. Using the protocol, a variety of thiolated compounds were synthesized in good yields. The transformation consists of a cascade of double S2 reactions, HAT and ArS group transfer, and PCET (proton-coupled electron transfer) of the leaving arylsulfonyl radical to arylsulfinic acid thus allowing the catalyst, WO, to be recovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is limited information on the delivery of acute stroke therapies and secondary preventive measures and clinical outcomes over time in young adults with acute ischemic stroke. This study investigated whether advances in these treatments improved outcomes in this population.
Methods: Using a prospective multicenter stroke registry in Korea, young adults (aged 18-50 years) with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized between 2008 and 2019 were identified.
Purpose: Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) have been considered unable to regenerate in vivo, resulting in corneal decompensation after significant loss of hCECs. adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived exosomes can regenerate tissues and organs. In this study, we investigated whether ASC-derived exosomes could protect and regenerate CECs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) frequently suffer from various sleep disturbances. However, how sleep disturbance is associated with AD and its progression remains poorly investigated. We investigated the association of total sleep time with brain amyloid and tau burden, cortical atrophy, cognitive dysfunction, and their longitudinal changes in the AD spectrum.
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- SUPPORT is a self-supervised learning method designed to effectively remove Poisson-Gaussian noise from voltage imaging data by leveraging the spatial and temporal relationships between pixel values.
- The method utilizes a convolutional neural network that accounts for spatiotemporal dependencies, allowing it to denoise images even when adjacent frames lack useful predictive information.
- Experimental results demonstrate that SUPPORT not only accurately denoises voltage imaging data but also preserves the essential dynamics of the imaged scene.
Article Synopsis
- Recent research indicates a lack of interchangeability between modified Rankin Scale measures of functional outcomes and mortality measures in assessing hospital performance for acute ischemic stroke patients.
- The study evaluated 8292 hospitalized stroke patients and used various metrics like 1-month and 1-year mortality to assess hospital outcomes.
- Findings revealed no significant correlation between hospitals’ rankings based on functional outcomes and those based on mortality rates, suggesting that these measures evaluate different aspects of hospital performance.
A novel probiotics-derived protein, P8, suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC). P8 can penetrate the cell membrane via endocytosis and cause cell cycle arrest in DLD-1 cells through down-regulation of CDK1/Cyclin B1. However, neither the protein involved in the endocytosis of P8 nor the cell cycle arrest targets of P8 are known.
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- Female patients experience greater disability and worse long-term outcomes after ischemic strokes compared to male patients, with distinct clinical manifestations and infarct locations influencing these disparities.
- A study involving 6,464 patients in South Korea utilized MRI and various statistical methods to assess differences in stroke severity and neurological outcomes based on sex.
- Results indicated that while the infarct volumes were similar, female patients had higher stroke severity scores, more neurological deterioration, and distinct lesion patterns, suggesting biological factors may play a role in sex differences related to stroke recovery.
Objective: The aim of this study was to audit the 22 items and assessed each item's predictive value on surgical outcomes.
Background: The KLASS-02 trial revealed that the oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy are not inferior to open distal gastrectomy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The surgeons participating in this trial were chosen based on the assessment scores from the KLASS-02-QC trial, which used 22 items for standardization of D2 lymphadenectomy and quality control.
Background And Purpose: A cardiogenic embolus could reach the posterior circulation through the right vertebral artery because of a relatively larger diameter in cases of left vertebral artery hypoplasia. Hence, we investigated whether left vertebral artery hypoplasia is associated with cardiac embolisms with atrial fibrillation in the posterior circulation and its functional outcomes.
Materials And Methods: In this monocentric retrospective study, patients with acute cardioembolic stroke with atrial fibrillation were enrolled and underwent CT or neck MRA, which visualized the aortic arch and subclavian arteries.
Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an important signaling hub that activates the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling cascade. BCR activation can contribute to the growth and survival of B-cell lymphoma or leukemia. The inhibition of the BCR signaling pathway is critical for blocking downstream events and treating B-cell lymphomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We aimed to evaluate covert brain infarction (CBI), frequently encountered during the diagnostic work-up of acute ischemic stroke, as a risk factor for stroke recurrence in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods: For this prospective cohort study, from patients with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized at 14 centers between 2017 and 2019, we enrolled AF patients without history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and divided them into the CBI (+) and CBI (-) groups. The 2 groups were compared regarding the 1-year cumulative incidence of recurrent ischemic stroke and all-cause mortality using the Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model with nonstroke death as a competing risk and the Cox frailty model, respectively.
Background Accurate preoperative prediction of upstaging in women with biopsy-proven ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is important for surgical planning, but published models using predictive MRI features remain lacking. Purpose To develop and validate a predictive model based on preoperative breast MRI to predict upstaging in women with biopsy-proven DCIS and to select high-risk women who may benefit from sentinel lymph node biopsy at initial surgery. Materials and methods Consecutive women with biopsy-proven DCIS who underwent preoperative 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To develop an automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) staging system using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and to verify the feasibility of the system.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, a total of 918 data sets of 3 × 3 mm2 OCTA images and 917 data sets of 6 × 6 mm2 OCTA images were obtained from 1118 eyes. A deep CNN and four traditional machine learning models were trained with annotations made by a retinal specialist based on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography.
Article Synopsis
- The development of therapeutic exosomes for commercialization involves multiple stages, including manufacturing, characterization, and formulation, all while adhering to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and regulatory standards.
- Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles, hold promise as novel treatments due to their ability to deliver genetic or bioactive materials to cells, but challenges exist in creating clinical-grade versions.
- Key hurdles in manufacturing include cell line development, cell culture, purification processes, and the establishment of GMP facilities, requiring ongoing communication between pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies.