Diastolic Dysfunction and Survival in Patients with Preserved or Mildly Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction following Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is relatively indiscriminate for prognosis in patients with preserved or mildly reduced LVEF (>40%) following myocardial infarction (MI). This study sought to determine the value of guideline-based assessment of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in predicting long-term all-cause and cardiac mortality in patients with a first-ever MI and LVEF>40%.

Methods: A retrospective single centre study involving 2234 patients with a first-ever MI (STEMI or NSTEMI) with LVEF>40% was performed.

Cardiovascular-Liver-Metabolic Health: Recommendations in Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Cardiovascular Disease via Modified Delphi Approach.

There is a new awareness of the widespread nature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its connection to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has catalyzed collaboration between cardiologists, hepatologists, endocrinologists, and the wider multidisciplinary team to address the need for earlier identification of those with MASLD who are at increased risk for CVD. The overlap in the pathophysiologic processes and parallel prevalence of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD highlight the multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health.

Preclinical Comparison of [In]In- and [Ac]Ac-DOTA-Trastuzumab IgG, F(ab') and Fab for Theranostic SPECT/CT Imaging and α-Particle Radioimmunotherapy of HER2-Positive Human Breast Cancer.

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with α-particle-emitting, Ac complexed to trastuzumab may offer an alternative treatment for patients who progress on HER2-targeted therapies. Moreover, RIT with [Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab could be combined with SPECT/CT imaging with [In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab in a theranostic approach. In this study, we compared DOTA-conjugated trastuzumab IgG, F(ab') or Fab complexed to In or Ac for SPECT/CT imaging and α-particle RIT of subcutaneous (s.

A metagenome-assembled genome inventory for children reveals early-life gut bacteriome and virome dynamics.

Existing microbiota databases are biased toward adult samples, hampering accurate profiling of the infant gut microbiome. Here, we generated a metagenome-assembled genome inventory for children (MAGIC) from a large collection of bulk and viral-like particle-enriched metagenomes from 0 to 7 years of age, encompassing 3,299 prokaryotic and 139,624 viral species-level genomes, 8.5% and 63.

SPECT/CT imaging of EGFR-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived xenografts with Pb-PSC-panitumumab in NRG mice.

Background: The objective of this research was the development and evaluation of Pb-labelled panitumumab (Pb-PSC-panitumumab) as an immuno-SPECT radioligand for the detection of EGFR + head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The 51.9 h physical half-life and favourable γ-emission (279 keV; 81%) of Pb offer an excellent opportunity for developing immuno-SPECT radioligands.

The Jag2/Notch1 signaling axis promotes sebaceous gland differentiation and controls progenitor proliferation.

The sebaceous gland (SG) is a vital appendage of the epidermis, and its normal homeostasis and function is crucial for effective maintenance of the skin barrier. Notch signaling is a well-known regulator of epidermal differentiation, and has also been shown to be involved in postnatal maintenance of SGs. However, the precise role of Notch signaling in regulating SG differentiation in the adult homeostatic skin remains unclear.

Antigen-specific T cell immunotherapy by in vivo mRNA delivery.

Immunotherapy has shown promise for treating patients with autoimmune diseases or cancer, yet treatment is associated with adverse effects associated with global activation or suppression of T cell immunity. Here, we developed antigen-presenting nanoparticles (APNs) to selectively engineer disease antigen (Ag)-specific T cells by mRNA delivery. APNs consist of a lipid nanoparticle core functionalized with peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs), facilitating antigen-specific T cell transfection through cognate T cell receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Short-chain fatty acids in viral infection: the underlying mechanisms, opportunities, and challenges.

Viral infections can cause cellular pathway derangements, cell death, and immunopathological responses, leading to host inflammation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by the microbiota, have emerged as a potential therapeutic for viral infections due to their ability to modulate these processes. However, SCFAs have been reported to have both beneficial and detrimental effects, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Device-Measured 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Blood Pressure: A 6-Part Compositional Individual Participant Data Analysis in the ProPASS Consortium.

Background: Blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of structured exercise are well-established. Effects of 24-hour movement behaviors captured in free-living settings have received less attention. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between a 24-hour behavior composition comprising 6 parts (sleeping, sedentary behavior, standing, slow walking, fast walking, and combined exercise-like activity [eg, running and cycling]) and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP).

Variation in the metagenomic analysis of fecal microbiome composition calls for a standardized operating approach.

The reproducibility in microbiome studies is limited due to the lack of one gold-standard operating procedure. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of protocol variations on microbiome composition using metagenomic data sets from a single center. We assessed the variation in a data set consisted of 2,722 subjects, including 9 subcohorts harboring healthy subjects and patients with various disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and type 2 diabetes.

Cow's Milk Bioactive Molecules in the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis in Human and Animal Studies.

Obesity disrupts glucose metabolism, leading to insulin resistance (IR) and cardiometabolic diseases. Consumption of cow's milk and other dairy products may influence glucose metabolism. Within the complex matrix of cow's milk, various carbohydrates, lipids, and peptides act as bioactive molecules to alter human metabolism.

Effectiveness of mobile smoking cessation treatment with 1-week nicotine replacement therapy sampling at outdoor smoking hotspots: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile smoking cessation (SC) treatment with 1-week nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) sampling on recruitment and quitting outcomes.

Design: Two-arm cluster RCT (1:1 ratio), single-blinded, at 244 recruitment sessions in Hong Kong outdoor smoking hotspots from October 2018-December 2019.

Setting: Participant were recruited by ambassadors and treated at the mobile SC truck.

Computationally designed Spike antigens induce neutralising responses against the breadth of SARS-COV-2 variants.

Updates of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are required to generate immunity in the population against constantly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns (VOCs). Here we describe three novel in-silico designed spike-based antigens capable of inducing neutralising antibodies across a spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Three sets of antigens utilising pre-Delta (T2_32), and post-Gamma sequence data (T2_35 and T2_36) were designed.

Construction and validation of the prognostic nomogram model for patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer based on the SEER database.

Objective: The prognostic factors of diffuse GC patients were screened the prognostic nomogram was constructed, and the prediction accuracy was verified.

Methods: From 2006 to 2018, there were 2877 individuals pathologically diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer; the clinicopathological features of these patients were obtained from the SEER database & randomly divided into a training cohort (1439) & validation cohort (1438).To create prognostic nomograms & choose independent prognostic indicators to predict the overall survival (OS) of 1, 3, & 5 years, log-rank & multivariate COX analysis were utilized & discrimination ability of nomogram prediction using consistency index and calibration curve.

Coronary and Systemic Vasodilator Responsiveness of Patients Receiving Conventional Intermittent or Nocturnal Hemodialysis.

Background: Nocturnal hemodialysis (nHD) restores the attenuated brachial artery vasodilator responsiveness of patients receiving conventional intermittent hemodialysis (iHD). Its impact on coronary vasodilatation is unknown.

Methods: We evaluated 25 patients on hemodialysis who fulfilled transplant criteria: 15 on iHD (4-hour sessions, 3 d/wk) and 10 on nHD (≈40 h/wk over 8-10-hour sessions) plus 6 control participants.