Direct Observation of Sub-Poissonian Temporal Statistics in a Continuous Free-Electron Beam with Subpicosecond Resolution.

We present a novel method to measure the arrival time statistics of continuous electron beams with subpicosecond resolution, based on the combination of an rf deflection cavity and fast single electron imaging. We observe Poissonian statistics within time bins from 100 to 2 ns and increasingly pronounced sub-Poissonian statistics as the time bin decreases from 2 ps to 340 fs. This 2D streak camera, in principle, enables femtosecond-level arrival time measurements, paving the way to observing Pauli blocking effects in electron beams and thus serving as an essential diagnostic tool toward degenerate electron beam sources for free-electron quantum optics.

Predictors of surgical treatment burden, outcomes, and overall survival in older adults with basal cell carcinoma: Results from the prospective, multicenter BATOA cohort.

Background: Incorporating patient-related factors associated with treatment outcomes could improve personalized care in older patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC).

Objective: To evaluate and identify predictors of treatment burden, treatment outcomes, and overall survival in patients aged ≥70 years, surgically treated for BCC in the head and neck area.

Methods: The data from the prospective, multicenter Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment in Older Adults (BATOA) cohort study were extracted to evaluate the experienced treatment burden (visual analog scale, 0-10 cm; lower scores indicating higher treatment burden), treatment outcomes, and mortality.

Prognostic factors associated with a restricted mouth opening (trismus) in patients with head and neck cancer: Systematic review.

Background: To prescribe early trismus therapy, prognostic factors influencing the restricted mouth opening should be identified first. Our aim is to present an overview of these factors in patients with head and neck cancer.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched using terms related to head and neck cancer and mouth opening.

The use of stretching devices for treatment of trismus in head and neck cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the effects of two stretching devices, the TheraBite® Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System™ and the Dynasplint Trismus System®, on maximal mouth opening in head and neck cancer patients.

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to one of two exercise groups: the TheraBite® Jaw Motion Rehabilitation System™ group or the Dynasplint Trismus System® group. Patients performed stretching exercises for 3 months.

Prevalence and prediction of trismus in patients with head and neck cancer: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Trismus occurs frequently in patients with head and neck cancer. Determining the prevalence and associated factors of trismus would enable prediction of the risk of trismus for future patients.

Methods: Based on maximal mouth opening measurements, we determined the prevalence of trismus in 730 patients with head and neck cancer.