Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, but genetic variation in the onset and progression of AD pathology is less understood. Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is a key pathological hallmark of AD beginning 10 - 20 years prior to cognitive symptoms. We investigated the genetic basis of variation in age at onset (AAO) of brain Aβ by comparing the performance of polygenic scores (PGSs) based on AD risk and resilience with a Aβ-AAO trait-specific PGS.

Reconciling heterogeneous dengue virus infection risk estimates from different study designs.

Uncovering rates at which susceptible individuals become infected with a pathogen, i.e., the force of infection (FOI), is essential for assessing transmission risk and reconstructing distribution of immunity in a population.

Disparities in anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence in NYC - April-October 2021.

Purpose: Between April-October 2021, the New York City (NYC) Health Department conducted a serosurvey to assess prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in NYC adults as part of continued COVID-19 surveillance efforts.

Methods: Whole blood specimens were collected from 1035 adult NYC residents recruited from an annual population-based health surveillance survey. Specimens were tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-spike) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (anti-nucleocapsid) antibodies.

The Electronic Spin State of Diradicals Obtained from the Nuclear Perspective: the Strange Case of Chichibabin Radicals.

With a view towards the development of molecular spintronics, non-linear optics, and qubits, a great amount of research effort aims to establish the factors which govern the spin classification of diradicals. Electron spin resonance (ESR) is an indispensable tool for such research. However, in some cases, the mere presence of an ESR spectrum is insufficient to ascertain that the presumed diradical is indeed a triplet state.

Linking multiple serological assays to infer dengue virus infections from paired samples using mixture models.

Dengue virus (DENV) is an increasingly important human pathogen, with already half of the globe's population living in environments with transmission potential. Since only a minority of cases are captured by direct detection methods (RT-PCR or antigen tests), serological assays play an important role in the diagnostic process. However, individual assays can suffer from low sensitivity and specificity and interpreting results from multiple assays remains challenging, particularly because interpretations from multiple assays may differ, creating uncertainty over how to generate finalized interpretations.