PD-1 and PD-L2 expression predict relapse risk and poor survival in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.

Background: Immune responses have long been an area of interest in cancer research. In this study, the effects of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L2) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated.

Methods: Primary tumour specimens of stage III CRC patients operated between 2002 and 2013 were assessed for PD-1 and PD-L2 expression and various clinicopathological and prognostic factors.

"Maternal Health and Family Planning Distance Education" experience among physicians: a three-phase study to determine the educational needs, develop education program, and evaluate efficacy of the education administered.

Aim: This study aims to assess the educational needs of family practitioners and evaluate the efficacy of the ongoing "Maternal Health and Family Planning Distance Education" program conducted by the General Directorate of Health Research (SAGEM) of the Turkish Ministry of Health.

Methods: This study consisted of three phases. In the first phase, an online survey on maternal health and family planning educational needs was sent to 20,611 physicians via e-mail.

Clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment features of women with the incidental diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma during infertility follow-up in Ankara, Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory features of patients with the incidental diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) during infertility work-up, with special attention given to treatment approaches, recurrence rate, and fertility outcome.

Material And Methods: The medical records of 577 patients who were diagnosed with EC and treated between 2007 and 2013 were included in the study. Out of 577 EC patients, 5.

Factors affecting recurrence after surgery for ovarian mature cystic teratoma.

We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for recurrence of surgically managed ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT). A total of 178 women with MCT managed surgically at our clinic were included in this retrospective study. The cases were followed for a minimum of 34 months.

Villitis of unknown aetiology: Clinical implications in preterm population.

Villitis of unknown aetiology (VUE) is a chronic inflammatory process of chorionic villi which is reported to occur in up to 15% of term placentas. The present study aimed to investigate the association between VUE and perinatal complications in a population who delivered before term. Patients with VUE had a significantly higher rate of intrauterine growth restriction than the control group (47.