Publications by authors named "S Zac-Varghese"

Article Synopsis
  • A significant number of people with diabetes develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which often leads to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and is highly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.
  • Managing modifiable risk factors, such as hyperglycemia and hypertension, along with treating dyslipidemia is vital for patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD to reduce the risk of CVD.
  • Recent clinical trials demonstrate that medications like SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists can help protect kidney function in these patients, informing updated clinical practice guidelines for healthcare professionals.
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The contribution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) towards the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is magnified with co-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Lipids are a modifiable risk factor and good lipid management offers improved outcomes for people with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).The primary purpose of this guideline, written by the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) and UK Kidney Association (UKKA) working group, is to provide practical recommendations on lipid management for members of the multidisciplinary team involved in the care of adults with DKD.

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Managing type 1 diabetes in frail elderly people can be logistically challenging, particularly for those living alone. District nurse visits are unpredictable and coincide poorly with meal time insulin regimes. Elderly people, particularly those with dementia, have variable oral intake and activity.

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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) accounts for >40% cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD) globally. Hypertension is a major risk factor for progression of DKD and the high incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality in these people. Meticulous management of hypertension is therefore crucial to slow down the progression of DKD and reduce cardiovascular risk.

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A significant percentage of people with diabetes develop chronic kidney disease and diabetes is also a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The term diabetic kidney disease (DKD) includes both diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (DM CKD). DKD is associated with high morbidity and mortality, which are predominantly related to cardiovascular disease.

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