Publications by authors named "S Yagishita"
KRAS inhibitors sotorasib and adagrasib have been approved for the treatment of KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy of single-agent treatments is limited, presumably due to multiple resistance mechanisms. To overcome these therapeutic limitations, combination strategies that potentiate the antitumor efficacy of KRAS inhibitors must be developed.
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- Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models involve transplanting human tumor tissues into immunocompromised mice, and are considered reliable models for studying cancer due to their accurate representation of real tumors.
- There are significant ethical concerns surrounding PDX models, including the need to respect the dignity of human tissues, prevent commercialization of human parts, and ensure adherence to animal ethics.
- The study outlines four essential ethical considerations and advocates for the development of governance policies to ensure that PDX models are used responsibly in research, complying with both national and international regulations.
Mismatch negativity (MMN) has gained attention as a biomarker for psychosis and a translational intermediate phenotype in animal models of psychosis, including rodents and non-human primates. MMN has been linked to global functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning [GAF] score) and prognosis (psychosis onset or remission), suggesting that MMN reflects activities beyond auditory processing alone. This review examines the 45-year history of MMN from the perspective of psychiatric researchers and discusses current advances in computational and translational research on MMN, summarizing the current understanding of the MMN generation mechanism.
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- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that involves the immune system attacking the nervous system, and there's a key difference in gut bacteria between its progressive and non-progressive forms.
- Researchers found a specific cluster of the gut bacteria "Tyzzerella nexilis" that is more abundant in progressive MS patients, which has unique genetic features.
- This particular strain of T. nexilis carries mobile genetic elements that could enhance its pathogenic potential, making mice more susceptible to MS-like symptoms when exposed to it, suggesting it may play a role in disease progression.