Lipoxin A yields an electrophilic 15-oxo metabolite that mediates FPR2 receptor-independent anti-inflammatory signaling.

The enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid is proposed to yield trihydroxytetraene species (termed lipoxins) that resolve inflammation via ligand activation of the formyl peptide receptor, FPR2. While cell and murine models activate signaling responses to synthetic lipoxins, primarily lipoxin A (LXA), there are expanding concerns about the reported biological formation, detection, and signaling mechanisms ascribed to LXA and related di- and tri-hydroxy ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids. The generation and signaling actions of LXA and its primary 15-oxo metabolite were assessed in control, lipopolysaccharide-activated, and arachidonic acid-supplemented RAW264.

Tackling the elephant in the room - Large-scale salmon farming and the potential for far-field ecosystem effects.

Significant expansion in salmon production globally has been partially enabled through the establishment of large-capacity sea-farms in high-energy environments that collectively produce substantial quantities of organic waste with potential to cause regional scale environmental degradation. We analyse results from comprehensive spatial and temporal surveys of water column particulates and seabed environmental indicators for responses to farm production, and residual effects. Results confirmed that while the particles can and do reach a relatively wide area, benthic effects do not necessarily follow suit.

An On-Farm Workflow for Predictive Management of Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms for the Aquaculture Industry.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by marine dinoflagellates significantly impact shellfish industries worldwide. Early detection on-farm and with minimal training would allow additional time for management decisions to minimize economic losses. Here, we describe and test a standardized workflow based on the detection of , an initial gene in the biosynthesis of PSTs.

Intra-colony spatial variance of oxyregulation and hypoxic thresholds for key coral species.

Oxygen (O) availability is essential for healthy coral reef functioning, yet how continued loss of dissolved O via ocean deoxygenation impacts performance of reef building corals remains unclear. Here, we examine how intra-colony spatial geometry of important Great Barrier Reef (GBR) coral species may influence variation in hypoxic thresholds for upregulation, to better understand capacity to tolerate future reductions in O availability. We first evaluate the application of more streamlined models used to parameterise Hypoxia Response Curve data, models that have been used historically to identify variable oxyregulatory capacity.

Lipoxin A yields an electrophilic 15-oxo metabolite that mediates FPR2 receptor-independent anti-inflammatory signaling.

The enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid is proposed to yield trihydroxytetraene species (termed lipoxins) that resolve inflammation via ligand activation of the formyl peptide receptor, FPR2. While cell and murine models activate signaling responses to synthetic lipoxins, primarily 5,6,15-trihydroxy-7,9,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid (lipoxin A, LXA), there are expanding concerns about the biological formation, detection and signaling mechanisms ascribed to LXA and related di- and tri-hydroxy ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids. Herein, the generation and actions of LXA and its primary 15-oxo metabolite were assessed in control, LPS-activated and arachidonic acid supplemented RAW 264.