The Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal Tissues during Activities of Daily Living: Dynamic Assessment Using Quantitative Transmission-Mode Ultrasound Techniques.

The measurement of musculoskeletal tissue properties and loading patterns during physical activity is important for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of tissues such as bone, tendon, and muscle tissues, particularly with injury and repair. Although the properties and loading of these connective tissues have been quantified using direct measurement techniques, these methods are highly invasive and often prevent or interfere with normal activity patterns. Indirect biomechanical methods, such as estimates based on electromyography, ultrasound, and inverse dynamics, are used more widely but are known to yield different parameter values than direct measurements.

Do increasingly unstable balance devices provide a graded challenge to bipedal stance in total hip arthroplasty patients?

Background: Progressive balance exercises are critical to early functional rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty (THA) but little is known regarding the challenge imposed by common balance devices.

Research Question: Do progressively unstable balance devices provide a graded challenge to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients?

Methods: Postural control was evaluated in 42 patients (age, 63.7 ± 9.

A Method-Comparison Study Highlighting the Disparity between Osseous- and Skin-Based Measures of Foot Mobility.

Purpose: This study examined the validity of standard clinical measures of arch height mobility, midfoot width mobility (MWM), and foot mobility magnitude (FMM) relative to skin-based and osseous measures derived from radiographs.

Methods: Skin-based clinical indices of foot mobility were calculated from standard, caliper-based measures of foot length, midfoot width, and dorsal arch height of the left limb of 20 healthy participants (8-71 yr) during non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing. Skin-based radiographic and osseous indices were derived from concurrent anteroposterior and lateral radiographs.

Adolescents running in conventional running shoes have lower vertical instantaneous loading rates but greater asymmetry than running barefoot or in partial-minimal shoes.

Footwear may moderate the transiently heightened asymmetry in lower limb loading associated with peak growth in adolescence during running. This repeated-measures study compared the magnitude and symmetry of peak vertical ground reaction force and instantaneous loading rates (VILRs) in adolescents during barefoot and shod running. Ten adolescents (age, 10.

Frontal plane knee moment in clinical gait analysis: A systematic review on the effect of kinematic gait changes.

Introduction: The frontal plane knee moment (KAM1 and KAM2) derived from non-invasive three-dimensional gait analysis is a surrogate measure for knee joint load and of great interest in clinical and research settings. Many aspects can influence this measure either unintentionally or purposely in order to reduce the knee joint load to relieve symptoms and pain. All these aspects must be known when conducting a study or interpreting gait data for clinical decision-making.