Exploring the Past to Inform the Future to Optimize the Pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in Children With Severe Burn Injuries.

Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death among pediatric patients with burn injuries. Despite limited vancomycin pharmacokinetic (PK) information within this population, it is widely used to treat severe burn injuries. Those with severe burns are at risk of nephrotoxicity, with an incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) over 50%.

Impact of Disease on Amikacin Pharmacokinetics and Dosing in Children.

Background: Amikacin is widely used to treat severe Gram-negative bacterial infections. Its peak concentration in plasma is associated with treatment efficacy. Amikacin pharmacokinetics (PK) is influenced by disease conditions, in addition to other patient characteristics.

Determination of Optimal Amikacin Dosing Regimens for Pediatric Patients With Burn Wound Sepsis.

This study aimed to develop optimal amikacin dosing regimens for the empirical treatment of Gram-negative bacterial sepsis in pediatric patients with burn injuries. A pharmacodynamic (PD) target in which the peak concentration (Cmax) is ≥8 times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (Cmax/MIC ≥ 8) is reflective of optimal bactericidal activity and has been used to predict clinical outcomes. Population pharmacokinetic modeling was performed in NONMEM 7.

Amikacin population pharmacokinetics among paediatric burn patients.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the pharmacokinetics of amikacin among children with severe burn and (2) identify influential covariates.

Methods: Population-based pharmacokinetic modelling was performed in NONMEM 7.2 for hospitalized children who received amikacin at 10-20mg/kg divided two, three, or four times per day as part of early empiric treatment of presumed burn-related sepsis.

Retrospective evaluation of donor pain and pain management after laprascopic nephrectomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate donor pain and pain management beginning immediately postoperatively until hospital discharge.

Methods: All kidney donors were included from 2008 and 2009. Demographic data, operative data, pain scores in the postanesthesia care unit, and visual analog pain scale (VAS) scores were collected for each patient.