Short-term hunger intensity changes following ingestion of a meal replacement bar for weight control.

Meal replacement products for weight loss are popular and safe for most unsupervised consumers desiring to lose weight. Previously we reported that the thickness of meal replacement diet shakes had a direct and significant effect on hunger intensity during the first 2 h and that hunger intensity scores for liquid meal replacements were significantly below baseline for 3 h following consumption (Mattes & Rothacker, 2001) This study uses the same protocol to investigate meal replacement bars designed for overweight consumers. Subjects were prescreened to include only those that normally ate breakfast and liked chocolate.

The secrets of the unknown trauma patient. The hazards of undiagnosed subclavian steal syndrome in the chest trauma patient: a case report.

Chest trauma can be complicated, among others, with cardiac tamponade. This life-threatening condition should be treated promptly and adequately to assure a positive outcome. During the rapid events that take place in the emergency room with the arrival of a polytrauma patient, anamnestic data are not always available, especially if dealing with a non-cooperative, unaccompained traumatized patient.

Of balloon axilloscopy and avoidance of iatrogenic injury to the long thoracic nerve.

Background: Laparoscopic removal of axillary lymph nodes is possible and affords an excellent view of all structures, allowing preservation of vessels and nerves. The technique uses pediatric trocars and a lifting device to maintain the newly created axillary space.

Objective: To prove that a newly developed technique of balloon axilloscopy can be performed using only one 10-mm and two 5-mm standard trocars and constant carbon dioxide flow to preserve the axillary space and that preservation of all nerves and vessels is possible with this approach.

Incidental cholecystectomy in the over-70 age group. A 19-year retrospective, comparative study.

Objectives: To analyse the outcome of incidental cholecystectomy in the over 70 age-group during surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies.

Design: Nineteen-year retrospective, comparative study.

Setting: Department of Surgery B, Belinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center.

Zenker's diverticulum: reappraisal.

For more than 2 centuries, the nature and pathophysiology of pharyngoesophageal (Zenker's) diverticulum has been a matter of argument. The intrinsic or extrinsic forces and structures that might play a role in the development of this disorder have been repeatedly scrutinized, and still today the different theories of muscular incoordination and/or spasm, cricopharyngeal achalasia, gastroesophageal reflux, or neuromuscular abnormalities try to find their way as the final word regarding etiology remains to be told. Options for treatment follow a similar pattern although myotomy and diverticulopexy seem to have yielded the best results.