Relevance theory for mapping cognitive biases in fact-checking: an argumentative approach.

In the fast-paced, densely populated information landscape shaped by digitization, distinguishing information from misinformation is critical. Fact-checkers are effective in fighting fake news but face challenges such as cognitive overload and time pressure, which increase susceptibility to cognitive biases. Establishing standards to mitigate these biases can improve the quality of fact-checks, bolster audience trust, and protect against reputation attacks from disinformation actors.

The Effect of Using a Standardized Questionnaire on Sexual History Documentation and Testing to Diagnose Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Among Men Who have Sex with Men with HIV.

Background: Most Neisseria gonorrhoea (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) are diagnosed at extragenital sites. However, testing at these sites is often lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if a standardized questionnaire administered by physicians and clinical assistants improves documentation of sex activity and increases extragenital testing and diagnoses of GC and CT among MSM.

Mayo Genetic Risk Models for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Venetoclax + Hypomethylating Agent.

Patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (ND-AML) derive variable survival benefit from venetoclax + hypomethylating agent (Ven-HMA) therapy. The primary objective in the current study was to develop genetic risk models that are predictive of survival and are applicable at the time of diagnosis and after establishing treatment response. Among 400 ND-AML patients treated with Ven-HMA at the Mayo Clinic, 247 (62%) achieved complete remission with (CR) or without (CRi) count recovery.

Interannual Variation of Stomatal Traits Impacts the Environmental Responses of Apple Trees.

Stomata are fundamental to plant-water relations and represent promising targets to enhance crop water-use efficiency and climate resilience. Here, we investigated stomatal density (SD) variation in 269 apple accessions across 3 years (2019-2021), which demonstrated significant differences between accessions but consistency over time. We selected 2 subsets of 20 accessions, each with contrasting SD: high stomatal density (HSD; 370-500 mm) and low stomatal density (LSD; 192-316 mm).

Global Genotype by Environment Prediction Competition Reveals That Diverse Modeling Strategies Can Deliver Satisfactory Maize Yield Estimates.

Predicting phenotypes from a combination of genetic and environmental factors is a grand challenge of modern biology. Slight improvements in this area have the potential to save lives, improve food and fuel security, permit better care of the planet, and create other positive outcomes. In 2022 and 2023 the first open-to-the-public Genomes to Fields (G2F) initiative Genotype by Environment (GxE) prediction competition was held using a large dataset including genomic variation, phenotype and weather measurements and field management notes, gathered by the project over nine years.