Continuous collective analysis of chemical reactions.

The automated synthesis of small organic molecules from modular building blocks has the potential to transform our capacity to create medicines and materials. Disruptive acceleration of this molecule-building strategy broadly unlocks its functional potential and requires the integration of many new assembly chemistries. Although recent advances in high-throughput chemistry can speed up the development of appropriate synthetic methods, for example, in selecting appropriate chemical reaction conditions from the vast range of potential options, equivalent high-throughput analytical methods are needed.

Impact of household characteristics on patient outcomes post hip fracture: a Welsh nationwide observational cohort study.

Background: Hip fracture is common in older people and has significant health and care implications. This study aimed to examine the impact of household characteristics (living alone or living with someone who is themselves ill) on adverse outcomes following hip fracture.

Methods: A cohort study of hip fracture patients aged ≥ 50 years living alone or with one co-resident using Welsh nationwide data between January 2013 and December 2018.

Origin of Pressure Resistance in Deep-Sea Lactate Dehydrogenase.

High hydrostatic pressure has a dramatic effect on biochemical systems, as exposure to high pressure can result in structural perturbations ranging from dissociation of protein complexes to complete denaturation. The deep ocean presents an interesting paradox since it is teeming with life despite the high-pressure environment. This is due to evolutionary adaptations in deep-sea organisms, such as amino acid substitutions in their proteins, which aid in resisting the denaturing effects of pressure.

Interhospital variability of risk-adjusted mortality rates and associated structural factors in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy: England and Wales population-level analysis.

Background: Emergency surgical admissions represent the majority of general surgical workload. Interhospital variations in outcomes are well recognized. This analysis of a national laparotomy data set compared the best- and worst-performing hospitals according to 30-day mortality and examined differences in process and structural factors.