A Comprehensive Exploration of Digital Twinning in Spine Surgery.

One recent innovation in the health care landscape is the integration of Digital Twin (DT) in the field of spine surgery. DT, first used in 2002 is defined as the replication of physical entities in a virtual environment. It has emerged as a transformative tool for optimizing complex systems.

Computational investigation of naturally occurring anticancer agents in regulating Hedgehog pathway proteins.

Embryonic development in humans is controlled by the Hedgehog pathway, which becomes inactive in mature tissues. Except for tissue maintenance and healing, activation of this pathway results in tumorigenesis with only a few exceptions. The drugs currently in use have shown no effectiveness in blocking the key proteins responsible for tumorigenesis.

Apicomplexan Espionage: Orchestrated Miscommunication at the Host-Parasite Interface.

Intracellular parasites, including and , are entirely reliant on the active scavenging of host-derived nutrients to fuel their replicative cycle, as they are confined within a specialized membrane-bound compartment, the parasitophorous vacuole (PV). Initial observations, based on the proximity of host vesicles to the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM), suggested that parasites utilize host vesicles to obtain essential nutrients. However, mounting evidence has now unequivocally demonstrated that intracellular pathogens establish membrane contacts with host organelles, establishing control over host cellular machinery.

Longitudinal analysis of the gut microbiota during anti-PD-1 therapy reveals stable microbial features of response in melanoma patients.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve outcomes in advanced melanoma, but many patients are refractory or experience relapse. The gut microbiota modulates antitumor responses. However, inconsistent baseline predictors point to heterogeneity in responses and inadequacy of cross-sectional data.

Baby-Friendly Hospitals, Social Determinants of Health, and Disparities in Breastfeeding Initiation in a Low-Income Population, 2017-2020.

Background: Organizational-level interventions (i.e., Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative) that support breastfeeding and target breastfeeding initiation are critical to reducing breastfeeding disparities and promoting breastfeeding equity.