Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections in Hospitalized Patients.

Importance: Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem in the US. Estimating national rates of antimicrobial-resistant infections commonly associated with health care can aid in targeted public health efforts.

Objective: To determine the national incidence rates of 6 pathogens over time: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp (VRE), extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp (excluding Klebsiella aerogenes) (ESCR-EK), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp (CRAsp), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Distribution of glutathione peroxidase-1 immunoreactive cells in pancreatic islets from type 1 diabetic donors and non-diabetic donors with and without islet cell autoantibodies is variable and independent of disease.

During type 1 diabetes (T1D), oxidative stress in beta cells may cause early beta cell dysfunction and initiate autoimmunity. Mouse islets express lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearing enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase than several other tissues. It remains unclear if human beta cells show a similar deficiency during T1D or exhibit a higher degree of intrinsic resistance to oxidative stress.

Plasma levels of adhesion molecules are elevated in dermatomyositis-interstitial lung disease and associated with low paraoxonase-1 activity.

Objective: To evaluate circulating levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and DM associated interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in plasma samples from DM patients and matched healthy controls. Plasma ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (CAM) levels were measured by ELISA.

Person-Centered Preventive Health Care: Gathering Stakeholder Input on Evidence and Implementation.

Introduction: Clinical preventive services, such as screening tests, vaccinations, behavioral counseling, or preventive medication, are offered to most people on the basis of age, sex, health behaviors, or clinical risk factors, with goals of detecting early disease, preventing future disease, or mitigating the impact of unhealthy behaviors on future health. However, many people do not receive all the recommended services for which they are eligible.

Methods: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality identified 4 topics for gathering stakeholder input on evidence and implementation for the equitable delivery of clinical preventive services.

Deep mutational learning for the selection of therapeutic antibodies resistant to the evolution of Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Most antibodies for treating COVID-19 rely on binding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). However, Omicron and its sub-lineages, as well as other heavily mutated variants, have rendered many neutralizing antibodies ineffective. Here we show that antibodies with enhanced resistance to the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 can be identified via deep mutational learning.