Dynamic microfluidic single-cell screening identifies pheno-tuning compounds to potentiate tuberculosis therapy.

Drug-recalcitrant infections are a leading global-health concern. Bacterial cells benefit from phenotypic variation, which can suggest effective antimicrobial strategies. However, probing phenotypic variation entails spatiotemporal analysis of individual cells that is technically challenging, and hard to integrate into drug discovery.

Structural analysis of the Trypanosoma brucei EIF4E6/EIF4G5 complex reveals details of the interaction between unusual eIF4F subunits.

Recognition of the mRNA 5' end is a critical step needed for translation initiation. This step is performed by the cap binding protein eIF4E, which joins the larger eIF4G subunit to form the eIF4F complex. Trypanosomatids have a minimum of five different eIF4F-like complexes formed through specific but not well-defined interactions between four different eIF4E and five eIF4G homologues.

Interaction network among de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis enzymes in Escherichia coli.

In human cells, de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis is known to be regulated through the formation of a metabolon called purinosome. Here, we employed a bacterial two-hybrid approach to characterize the protein-protein interactions network among the corresponding enzymes of Escherichia coli. Our study revealed a dense network of binary interactions that connect most purine nucleotide biosynthesis enzymes.

Identification of Chemical Probes Targeting MBD2.

Epigenetics has received much attention in the past decade. Many insights on epigenetic (dys)regulation in diseases have been obtained, and clinical therapies targeting them are in place. However, the readers of the epigenetic marks are lacking enlightenment behind this revolution, and it is poorly understood how DNA methylation is being read and translated to chromatin function and cellular responses.

Fermentation Products of Commensal Bacteria Alter Enterocyte Lipid Metabolism.

Despite the recognized capacity of the gut microbiota to regulate intestinal lipid metabolism, the role of specific commensal species remains undefined. Here, we aimed to understand the bacterial effectors and molecular mechanisms by which Lactobacillus paracasei and Escherichia coli regulate lipid metabolism in enterocytes. We show that L-lactate produced by L.