Atypical genotoxicity of carcinogenic nickel(II): Linkage to dNTP biosynthesis, DNA-incorporated rNMPs, and impaired repair of TOP1-DNA crosslinks.

Cancer is a genetic disease requiring multiple mutations for its development. However, many carcinogens are DNA-unreactive and nonmutagenic and consequently described as nongenotoxic. One of such carcinogens is nickel, a global environmental pollutant abundantly emitted by burning of coal.

ATR activation by Cr-DNA damage is a major survival response establishing late S and G2 checkpoints after Cr(VI) exposure.

Inhalation exposure to hexavalent chromium is known to cause lung cancer and other pulmonary toxicity. Cellular metabolism of chromium(VI) entering cells as chromate anion produces different amounts of reactive Cr(V) intermediates and finally yields Cr(III). Direct reduction of Cr(VI) by ascorbate (Asc), the dominant metabolic reaction in vivo but not in standard cell cultures, skips production of Cr(V) but still permits extensive formation of Cr-DNA damage.

Development and Characterization of Probiotic Beers with as an Alternative to Conventional Brewer's Yeast.

The development of new non-dairy probiotic foods is interesting, given lactose intolerance, milk allergies, and the growing trend of vegetarianism. In this paper, beer has been used as a probiotic delivery matrix, using as an alternative to conventional brewer's yeast. The strain was able to grow in worts prepared with hops containing different alpha-acid concentrations, attaining in all cases a final cell concentration above 1·10 cells mL.

Methodology for removing microplastics and other anthropogenic microparticles from sludge dewatering system.

Anthropogenic microparticles (e.g., microplastics) are present in sewage plants, especially in sludge streams.