HIV-related Differences in Placental Immunology: Data From the PRACHITi Cohort in Pune, India.

Background: Maternal HIV infection can affect placental immunology and expression of the neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn), which allows transplacental antibody transfer. This study delineated differences in placental FcRn and T-cell expression by HIV status, with or without viral suppression.

Methods: This observational cohort study in Pune, India, followed pregnant women with and without HIV through 1 year postpartum; 42 had placenta collected, stratified by HIV status.

Assessment of Postoperative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy Following Instillation of Bupivacaine through Surgical Drains.

Background: Globally, breast cancer is a significant public health concern in women. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is a commonly used surgical treatment. Postmastectomy pain is a serious concern because, if left untreated, can have psychological effects, resulting in postoperative complications.

Anesthetic Management of Cesarean Sections in Parturients with Valvular Heart Disease.

Valvular heart disease during pregnancy and labor poses a significant threat to maternal and fetal outcomes, increasing morbidity. The physiological changes of pregnancy in a parturient with stenotic and regurgitant lesions increases the risk of cardiac decompensation. Moderate-to-severe stenotic lesions can deteriorate in pregnancy due to an increase in workload on the heart, leading to complications such as congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and thromboembolism.

Isolation, identification, and quantification of and in subgingival plaque samples of periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis patients through chromogenic hybridization.

Background: The genus comprising over 50 identified species is a normal commensal of the oral cavity. The commonly studied species are (PI) and (PN). The molecular technique, used for isolating and identifying these species, requires specialized equipment, making them not feasible in a standard laboratory.

Understanding the Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Mental Health: A Systematic Review.

Mental health is a serious issue, with mental health disorders affecting millions of people globally. Gut microbiota has received considerable attention because of its potential role in the pathogenesis of mental health disorders. This systematic review synthesized 15 studies exploring the effects of the gut microbiome on depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, with qualitative and quantitative insights.