["Guiding lights" for the diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in the flow of patients with pulmonary embolism].

On December 13, 2021, an expert council was held to determine the position of experts of different specialties regarding the reasons for the low level of diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in real clinical practice in a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection and possible ways to improve detection in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) ) in history. The reasons for the low level of diagnosis of CTEPH are the insufficient level of knowledge of specialists, especially primary care physicians; lack of clear regulatory documents and expert centers for the management of this category of patients. Primary diagnosis of CTEPH in a pandemic can be strengthened through the widespread use of telemedicine for consultations of primary care physicians with specialists from expert centers; to maximize the role of echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) as differential diagnostic tools for dyspnea, in particular in patients with COVID-19.

[Changes in pulmonary vessels in complicated congenital valvular defects with high pulmonary hypertension].

349 cases of morphological alteration of pulmonary vessels with complex inborn heart defects (major vessels transposition with intraventricular septum deficiency, Taussig-Bing anomaly, double vessels departure from the right ventricle, common arterial trunk, single heart ventricle) were studied by the time and growth speed of structural vascular changes of lung circulation in correspondence with classification of Heath-Edwards. It is established that formation of morphological changes of pulmonary vessels in those defects takes place during the first half of year of patient life. Most malignant vascular changes occur in common arterial trunck and transposition of major vessels with a defect of the interventricular septum.

[Correction of mitral valve insufficiency in the incomplete form of atrioventricular canal].

Correction of the incomplete atrioventricular canal is considered to be a routine operation leading to mortality no more than 5%. Significant insufficiency of the atrioventricular (AV) valve worsens prognosis and increases mortality up to 30%. From 1989 to 1999 the Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery performed 151 operations for this defect in patients aged 3 months to 50 years, which showed general mortality rates of 8.

[Comparative assessment of hemodynamic parameters in ventricular septal defect, obtained by Doppler echocardiography and catheterization of cardiac cavities].

The study was undertaken to assess hemodynamic parameters by Doppler echocardiography in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary hypertension. Seventy-two patients aged 5 months to 9 years (mean 2.5 years) who had isolated VSD were examined.

[Embryologic and pathogenetic aspects of the common atrioventricular canal development].

Atrioventricular canal (AVC) is an inherited defect the embryological basis of which is deficiency of the affluent part of the interventricular septum (IVS). Folds of the atrioventricular (AV) valves are formed from the myocardium and not from the endocardial thickening but much later than the IVS formation. Under the conditions of the affluent part of IVS the mode of connection of the anterior fold of the left AV valve creates the narrowing of the left ventricular effluent part.